Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for generating color sets based on musical concepts of pitch intervals and harmony. Color sets are derived via a music-to-hue process which analyzes musical pitch data associated with musical input to determine pitch intervals included in the music. Pitch interval angles associated with the pitch intervals are applied to a tuned hue index to identify hue note ordered within the index which are separated by a hue interval angle similar to the pitch angle associated with the analyzed pitch data. The systems and methods provide for the creation of color sets which are analogous to musical chords in that they include multiple hue notes selected based on hue interval angles derived from musical interval angles associated with the received musical input.

Abstract: A music learning aid, comprising: a first rotatable circular substrate having a radius (R1) comprising an in-use first visible circular scale displayed on the first substrate, the visible display comprising a plurality of indicia for indicating corresponding musical notes such that the musical notes indicated in the visible display scale ascend in frequency in a clock-wise or anti-clockwise direction; a second circular substrate having a radius (R3), the second substrate being arranged to be substantially concentric and rotatable relative to the first substrate by the fastening arrangement to enable the second substrate to rotate relative to the first substrates, the second substrate comprising a polygon with vertices of the polygon being located along the circumference of the second substrate, the second substrate comprising respective indicia corresponding to each of the vertices for indicating a respective musical mode selected from a set of a plurality of musical modes.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for generating color sets based on musical concepts of pitch intervals and harmony. Color sets are derived via a music-to-hue process which analyzes musical pitch data associated with musical input to determine pitch intervals included in the music. Pitch interval angles associated with the pitch intervals are applied to a tuned hue index to identify hue note ordered within the index which are separated by a hue interval angle similar to the pitch angle associated with the analyzed pitch data. The systems and methods provide for the creation of color sets which are analogous to musical chords in that they include multiple hue notes selected based on hue interval angles derived from musical interval angles associated with the received musical input.

Abstract: The inventors disclose a new apparatus and method for visual and audible demonstration of musical concepts such as intervals, the tonic, transposition, scales, modes, and chords. The apparatus is based on a primary layer of indicia for each of the 12 chromatic notes of the musical octave, each indicium paired with a touch sensor. A novel means for superimposing additional layers of musical information employs a tonic indicator and encoder, and modular physical indicator pieces or multi-colored LED lights.

Abstract: A user interface for a virtual musical instrument presents a number of chord touch regions, each corresponding to a chord of a diatonic key. Within each chord region a number of touch zones are provided, including treble clef zones and bass clef zones. Each treble clef touch zone within a region will sound a different chord voicing. Each bass clef touch zone will sound a bass note of the chord. Other user interactions can modify or mute the chords, and vary the bass notes being played together with the chords. A set of related chords and/or a set of rhythmic patterns can be generated based on a selected instrument and a selected style of music.

Abstract: A Music Wheel user interface or apparatus having a substantially flat surface area and being formed by a plurality of wheels stacked on top of each other. Each wheel can independently move in clockwise and anticlockwise directions. The face of each wheel displays relevant and fundamental information for musical instructions. Certain parts of the faces of certain wheels are cut out, or have windows, allowing the inscriptions of pitches or key tonalities letter, number, and symbol notes on the faces of the wheels at the bottom to be seen. The sizes of the wheels are ascending from top to bottom to allow the inscriptions on the rim of the wheels at the bottom to be seen. During operation, at least one wheel is stationary and three are movable. All moving parts can move independently of each other.

Abstract: A musical learning aid that help users learn and understand how musical pieces are composed. The present invention is able to help users understand how scales and chords are constructed. Additionally, the present invention can teach users which chords naturally lead to other notes allowing users to learn how to compose their own musical pieces.

Abstract: A tool is provided for assisting in teaching music to a player of a steel pan/drum. The tool comprises a substantially circular base divided into twelve radial sectors, a central sector, and three concentric, radially spaced rings, thereby having 37 elements. Each element bears an indicium representative of a unitary, distinct note name in a range of three consecutive octaves plus a first note in a fourth consecutive octave. Each ring is arranged in so that a counter-clockwise-adjacent note name is separated by an interval of a fifth and a clockwise-adjacent note name is separated by an interval of a fourth.

Abstract: A device for digitizing a series of notes to be played on a pan instrument includes a processor and software installed on the processor that has a code segment adapted to display a virtual keyboard on a display device. The keyboard has a plurality of pianistically arranged keys, each key having a note name corresponding to a pitch represented by the key imposed thereon. A code segment can receive a user selection of a pan instrument for which music is desired to be entered, retrieve a note range for the selected pan instrument, and electronically mask the virtual keyboard to exclude keys outside the retrieved note range. User input can be received for a series of notes to be encoded for playing on the selected pan instrument.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to broadcast signal calibration devices and methods. A system is provided that permits calibration or tuning of broadcast signal transmission and reception equipment through the use of visual representation of test signals. The generated visualizations, incorporating color and shape, are examined to determine whether any adjustments to the broadcast equipment are needed to compensate for equipment age, deterioration, and the like.

Abstract: A tool is provided for assisting in teaching music to a player of a steel pan/drum. The tool comprises a substantially circular base divided into twelve radial sectors, a central sector, and three concentric, radially spaced rings, thereby having 37 elements. Each element bears an indicium representative of a unitary, distinct note name in a range of three consecutive octaves plus a first note in a fourth consecutive octave. Each ring is arranged in so that a counter-clockwise-adjacent note name is separated by an interval of a fifth and a clockwise-adjacent note name is separated by an interval of a fourth.

Abstract: An algorithmic combo-instrument slide ruler comprising one common part working in cooperation with two interchangeable parts selected from separate multitudes of unique yet related parts. An opaque slidable combo-instrument tuning card is selected having thereon information resembling a stringed instrument, having fingering positions represented in equivalent keyboard keys laid out in a multi-tier octave isolating manner. A semi-opaque rectangular sleeve housing comprising of parent and dependant child windows arranged in a reticulated manner, working within stationary alignment with a selected semi-opaque scale or mode insert comprising of a scale or mode relevant predetermined array of finger position windows and dependant finger position data boxes, allows for a visible and semi-visible view of the combo-instrument card there through, showing available fingering positions through parent windows and music reference information through relevant child windows.

Abstract: A music learning aid to assist musicians in learning and using music theory. The music learning aid includes a semicircular folding substrate and two circular and substantially concentric discs having progressively smaller diameters. The substrate and discs are secured together at a central point such the discs are independently rotatable. By rotation and alignment of selected discs the user is able to determine chords, scales and notes associated with musical works. The device allows the user to transpose music from one key to another, as well as transposing chords, scales or intervals.

Abstract: A method and system of teaching and/or studying music theory and for aiding the practice of musical instruments according to the integration of the color spectrum with notes of the circle of fifths and rearrangement of those notes into the musical chromatic scale. This rearrangement is accomplished by rotating either set of notes (spaced at whole-tone intervals) in the circle of fifths by 180 degrees. The musical chromatic scale arrangement of colors is then applied to various instruments. Diagrams representing the various note/color patterns as they appear on the various color-coded instruments are also provided. Scale and/or chord charts or diagrams for various instruments are also provided. The inventive color code is also applied to tablature, as well as to inventive forms of music notation.

Abstract: A circular slide attachment with pitch notations and additional markings is provided to enable circular pitch instruments and their indicia to be used for transposing musical keys. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a circular slide having twelve chromatic scale note indicia is rotatably and coaxially fixed to a thirteen-tone pitch instrument bearing thirteen note indicia. Additional markings affixed to the pitch instrument cooperate with markings on the slide to enable transposition of the notes represented by one set of indicia to the notes represented by the other.

Abstract: A system for determining a musical modulation from a source key to a target key, such that the source key and the target key are selected from a cycle of musical keys. The system includes a relational tool and a bridging tool. The relational tool is capable of determining a primary modulation reference correlated to the displacement between the source key and the target key. The bridging tool includes a selected set of at least one bridge. The selected set is correlated to the primary modulation reference. The present invention also has a method for determining a musical modulation from a source key to a target key, such that the source key and the target key are selected from a cycle of musical keys.

Abstract: A music teaching aid having a number of reference rings that are positioned so as to have independent rotatable movement on a base member. Depending on the shape of the base member, the reference rings are either substantially coaxial cylindrical sleeves or concentric rings. Each reference ring has an outside surface which is divided into segments each of which displays indicia representing a note of the chromatic scale and which is identifiable by a predetermined color coding system such that when segments of the reference rings are aligned in accordance with the predetermined color coding system, corresponding segments of each successive ring will represent the notes of a non-chromatic scale.

Abstract: An electronic information aid displays and calculates the relationships between a series of individual integers which may comprise alphabetical and/or numerical indicia or a series of visual and/or aural indicia or a combination of any one or more of the integers. The aid has a number of reference rings (23a-23g) each of which is independently rotatable but maintained in a predetermined spatial relationship with each other. Each reference ring (23) includes a number of segments each of which displays indicia which corresponds to an integer. When the rings (23a-23g) are rotated so the segments are aligned into an active strip in accordance with a coding system, the segments will display the interrelationship between the integers. Each segment within the active strip can be activated to initiate an aural or a visual response.

Abstract: A rotary disk calculator and educational aid is provided to assist in learning and understanding the relation between various musical keys on an instrument according to the circle of fifths system. A base plate member or disk is divided into twelve root key positions. An intermediate or second disk or template is concentrically mounted on the base disk. The structure of the second disk is alignable at various positions with each of the root key positions on the base plate. Indicators are formed on the second disk for ease of alignment. When aligned with a particular root key position, the second disk indicates the key signature (specific sharps or flats) that a piece of music has in that key; the number of whole or half steps between notes; notes for chords used in that key; and any special relationship linking certain of the notes.

Abstract: A set of hand-held plastic laminated disks which provide for visually displaying selected combinations of musical information such as musical notes of scales and chords. The display is composed of two disks. The top disk functions as a template and is fastened to the lower disk at the center by a metal eyelet. The lower disk displays the twelve notes of the chromatic scale on several concentric circles. Apertures on the top disk display subsets of the chromatic scale as diatonic scales or chords. By rotating the bottom disk relative to the top disk, the notes of all twelve diatonic scales and their associated chords are displayed.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of a musical reference apparatus for use by musicians to rapidly and easily transpose or modulate music. The invention is preferably formed of two or three disc-shaped members which are rotatable relative to one another about a single axis. These disc-shaped members have musical indicia marked on upper surfaces thereof near their peripheries. The outer of the disc-shaped members has symbols thereon which represent musical tones, as does the inner of the disc-shaped members. An intermediate member which has symbols representing musical indexes can also be provided. Alternatively, the inner member can have two sets of symbols marked thereof, one representing musical tones, and the other representing musical indexes. Any of the various embodiments of the musical reference apparatus can be mounted on a reference card or on a wristwatch type device.

Abstract: This invention relates to a calculator and is more specifically concerned with a calculator for enabling a musician to visualize and organize transitions between scales, modes, etc.The present invention provides a calculator having musical notation in which the notes are equi-spaced and arranged in parallel rows on respective elements each of which is independently movable in the direction of the row with respect to neighboring elements, masks overlapping respective elements and individually movable in the direction of the row of notes on the element beneath, each mask corresponding to a particular musical scale or mode and having opaque and transparent sections alternating with one another to expose through the mask only those notes of the row beneath which are used in the scale or mode denoted by the mask.The calculator may be embodied as a flat sheet or it may be cylindrical in which the parallel rows are formed into rings individually rotatable about a common axis.

Abstract: This invention is a Tuning Pen which can serve as a writing apparatus and tuning device as well as a device for checking notes of the scale corresponding to a specific key signature. According to the present invention, the pen holder which has a tuning flute mounted thereon includes a bigger cylinder which has key signatures printed thereon and is coupled with a smaller cylinder which has the notes of the scale printed thereon and is covered with a revolving sleeve which has an opening made thereon to display the note of the scale printed on the smaller cylinder.

Abstract: A hand manipulable calculator assembly specifically designed to calculate chord/key construction in musical composition and incorporating a chord wheel, a note/key wheel, a major/minor wheel all being rotatably mounted relative to one another and to a fixed wheel of a support frame wherein conversion means in the form of color coded charts further are provided to determine intended chord/key calculations.

Abstract: This invention is a music theory teaching aid which structurally includes a base member, a main wheel member pivotally attached to the base member at a central location, and twelve secondary wheel members each pivotally attached to the base member at circumferentially spaced-apart points, radially outwardly from the main wheel member. The base member bears indicia indicating major scale reference notes for each of the twelve musical keys. Each reference note is associated with one of the secondary wheel members. The main wheel member is pivotable to selectively align indicia thereon to correspond with major reference notes on the base member such that the order of diatonic notes of a selected key are indicated for each mode of the selected key. Indicia on each secondary wheel member radially divides it into twelve equal sections representing chromatic steps of an octave.

Abstract: Musical indicating apparatus for finding chords, scales and transposing has a disk-like base with outer rings on both sides having the 12 notes of the chromatic musical scale. An inner rotatable disk on one side identical to the outer ring provides for transposition. On the other side an inner rotatable disk has 12 sectors corresponding to the 12 notes (or scales) of the outer ring. It is subdivided into several rings passing through all the sectors. A root sector has a kind of triad marked for each ring; e.g., major, minor, etc. In the same ring the other notes of the triad are marked. Finally the outer ring includes indicators which show at least 3 notes of a chord to be identified.

Abstract: The invention refers to a chord key for musical instruments comprising a number of plastic sheets (1) that are rotatably connected together about a common axis and provided with marks (7) to show fingering positions on the instrument for the positions of the notes included in various chords. Each sheet (1) with fingering marks for note positions is transparent and corresponds to all possible positions for a particular note in various chords, and is also provided with its own special mark for differentiating between the various possible grips of the chord. A bottom sheet (2) is likewise rotatably attached to the other sheets and depicts the fretboard or manual of the instrument, whereby all possible fingering positions for a particular chord in which particular notes are included, are obtainable by turning those sheets out that correspond to the notes of the chord and by positioning these sheets on to of the fretboard sheet.

Abstract: A method of and a device for transforming the musical notes of a piece of music into different notes to obtain a new piece of music. The notes constituting the original piece of music are stored in an original music memory. These notes are then transformed into other notes in accordance with predetermined rules stored in a transforming means and the transformed notes are thereafter stored in a transformed music memory.

Abstract: A modulation rule having a member marked with a keyboard including white keys and black keys arranged in a similar manner to that of a keyboard musical instrument, and an indication table in which the names of keys are marked, for which the keys marked on each division, from left to right, are consecutively higher by one semitone; a movable member having divisions marked with numeral notes respectively, capable of being moved to have one division thereof aligned with a first division marked with a given key to provide the indication of scale at the given key; a plurality of indicating elements arranged in a certain relation with the keyboard and capable of being adjusted to provide visual indications concerning the keys, corresponding to the indicating elements which respectively should be lowered or raised by one semitone.

Abstract: A device to display musical chords and notes for fretted string instruments comprising (a) top sheet having a plurality of transparent patterns representing the strings and frets on the fingerboard of the instrument, (b) pivot located at a central point on the sheet, and (c) underlying rotatable disk having a plurality of patterns of spots representing different types of chords. All the fingerboard patterns on the top sheet are identical but each is disposed to display chords in a different musical key. When the rotatable disk is angularly indexed relative to the top sheet, the device displays a plurality of musical chords, differing in position on the fingerboard, in musical key and in chord type. The spots displayed through the transparent fingerboard patterns indicate where the fingers may be placed on the strings and which strings may be left unstopped when a chord is sounded.

Abstract: A hand-operated musical rhythm pattern generator includes two independently rotatable discs mounted in a holder. The discs have complementary rhythm patterns printed on the peripheries thereof, a portion of which is visible through a window in the holder. The rhythm patterns displayed may be randomly changed by rotating one or both discs any desired angular amount.

Abstract: A Harmonic Conversion Wheel is disclosed comprising a circular disk, a faceplate and attaching means joined together along a common axis which is the centerpoint of said elements. By rotation of the disk about said axis and proper registration of said disk with the windows positioned in the faceplate, an artist, composer, student of music, performer or arranger has at their disposal a multitude of information regarding the law of intervals and similar musical relationships concerning tonics, chords, scales and notes within a scale. Thus, a person without analogous skills can perform, rearrange, transpose or learn music to the best of his ability while developing his own caliber of musical knowledge and expertise.

Abstract: A device which is used for computing the transposition of musical chords and comprises a number of dials each of which is rotatable about a central axis. Each dial has a display of indicia thereon which indicate the steps of a chromatic musical scale. The dials can be moved relative to each other to a plurality of positions which indicate relationships which include chord indication and transposition.

Abstract: A music teaching and computation device in the form of a slide rule has a first display part on which are set out, by means of indicia the characteristic structures of five different modes of music. A second relatively movable display part co-operating with the first display part has indicia thereon representing notes of a musical keyboard, separated by spatial intervals in proportion to the musical intervals of pitch between the notes represented thereby. The first and second indicia can be brought into registry with each other, so as to compute the chords and scales in any of the presented given modes of music.

Abstract: A device for learning musical concepts comprises a circular display of musical notes covering at least three octaves, including notes of sharp and flat key-signatures, in adjoining relationship and a plate rotatably attached to said display, said plate having means for indicating musical notes within said display bearing a predetermined angular space relationship to one another.

Abstract: A diagramming musical harmonic calculator determines combinations of natural or altered degrees in the musical scale encompassing from traditional to contemporary harmony, comprising a main disk having a central spindle, and having marked on the surface thereof at least one annular note array concentric with the spindle, having twelve radial marks displaced 30.degree. one from the other and corresponding to the twelve semitones in the tempered musical scale, and a plurality of indicating pieces capable of rotating around the spindle and bearing marks capable of coinciding with at least two marks in the main disk and allowing determination of different harmonic relations and combinations.

Abstract: A chord inversion coordination aid comprises a plurality of dials of increasing diameter and each representing a particular chord type and having a peripheral array of the scale tone names of the chord in its root and inverted positions arranged in sectors, whereby upon aligning various sectors of the discs a given chord progression can be arranged according to the most easily played chord inversions. The dial may be centrally pivoted behind a cover sheet having a window therein to expose the dial sectors, and a pad of staff paper may be mounted on the cover sheet.

Abstract: The invention is a teaching aid for familiarizing the beginning music student with left-hand chording and particularly the inversions of common chords which fit within the normal range of left hand fingering and comprises a front panel having a display of the chromatic scale including eleven numbered bass scale tones of a diatonic scale terminating in middle C, with the notes corresponding to the 11 scale tones preferably indicated thereabove on a musical staff. Three indicator strips are used alternatively to indicate from these scale tones those which are used in the tonic, dominant, and sub-dominant chords, respectively, of a particular key signature, the inversions of these chords being named on a rotatable dial, and worksheet-type writing paper being optionally provided behind said panel whereon the student can inscribe the scale tone names of any particular chord.

Abstract: A musical information display device includes first and second relatively rotatable members, the first member bearing spaced musical indicia and the second member including apertures registrable with the first member indicia on such rotation and aperture-closing elements, each operable independently of the condition of closure of the remainder of such elements. The musical indicia are arranged in such progression as the chromatic scale and numeric identifiers are associated with the aperture-closing elements and are arranged in sequential order to be displayed selectively on operation of the aperture-closing elements.