Abstract: A piston assembly for compressors wherein a piston is connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod having a ball at its one end, the ball being, with the rear portion thereof, joined to the piston by clamping a clamp portion provided on the piston, while the front portion of the ball is in contact with a ball seat formed in the inner portion of the piston, the crankshaft being formed at its upper end with an oil outlet for scattering an oil upon ejection therefrom, the piston assembly being characterized in that a plurality of holes are formed in the clamp portion, the piston having a skirt portion formed with a plurality of holes opposed to the respective holes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cryopump having a gas bearing formed in a clearance seal between a piston and a cylinder. The gas bearing is formed by forcing pressurized gas from a gas plenum through orifices to the clearance seal.

Abstract: A piston assembly is disclosed which reduces the consumption of a lubricating agent circulated to provide lubrication between the outer sidewall of the piston assembly and the interior sidewall of a bore. This is accomplished by providing at least one aperture in at least one compression ring groove. The aperture is disposed in fluid communication with the interior of a hollow skirt portion of the piston for communicating such lubricating agent gathered in the compression ring groove into the interior of the hollow skirt portion of the piston so that the lubricating agent can return to the crankcase of an operating mechanism.

Abstract: A Stirling cycle engine is provided with gas cavities at an interface between an engine piston and a mating surface that guides the piston in its reciprocative motion to thereby achieve improved lubrication with the resulting gas film.

Abstract: A continuous ring with inside diameter (D.sub.in.sup.R) larger than the outside diameter (D.sub.out.sup.R) of the piston irrespective of conditions of operation. The ring's outside diameter when measured outside the cylinder equals or slightly exceeds the inside diameter of the cylinder. The ring is sized and designed according to various parameters determined so as to prevent piston seizing in the cylinder.

Abstract: A piston boss is formed with an oil inlet hole for collecting oil flowing downward along a piston and allowing it to flow toward a snap ring and an end of a ceramic piston pin in contact with the snap ring. The oil having lubricated the snap ring and the end of the piston pin is collected by an oil outlet hole formed in the piston boss and allowed to flow downward therethrough.

Abstract: A straight-hydraulic mold clamping system for use in a molding machine has a bearing portion for a rod of a mold clamp cylinder provided with a plurality of annular oil grooves within which an oil functions, and utilizes the rigidity of the rod so as to horizontally support a movable platen and a molding die attached to the movable platen in a cantilever manner and maintain the horizontality of the movable platen and the molding die.

Abstract: A chuck actuator has a cylinder extending along an axis and having an axially extending stem whose outer surface is formed with a pair of central radially outwardly open and axially spaced intake ports, a piston axially displaceable in the cylinder and forming therein two compartments connected via respective passages connected to the intake ports, two axially spaced bearings on the stem, and a connector supported by the bearings on the stem. This connector normally is restrained against rotation relative to the axis and has an inner surface closely juxtaposed with and forming with the stem surface an interface. Respective radially inwardly open and axially spaced inner feed grooves open at the interface level with the respective intake ports. Two independent hydraulic fittings communicating with the inner feed grooves can pass pressurized liquid to the respective compartments.

Abstract: A piston casting for forming a piston for an internal combustion engine or compressor comprises a generally cylindrical crown (10) having a ring belt (11) extending around the crown for the formation therein of one or more piston ring grooves. A gudgeon pin bore (14) extends through the piston casting in a direction normal to the piston axis and two opposed skirt thrust surfaces (17) depend from the ring belt and are symetrically disposed about a plane including the piston axis and normal to the gudgeon pin bore axis. The surfaces extend only part the way around the piston casting and terminate in respective spaced generally axially extending edges (18), each skirt thrust surface being extended circumferentially beyond the associated edges (at 19) at the ends of the edges remote from the crown.

Abstract: This application relates to a piston having two sets of three roller bearings mounted by means of milled grooves in a lightweight skirt of less diameter than the piston head. Each triangularly arranged set of roller bearings is symmetrically arranged to give a rolling three point stability and rolling anti-friction support to the piston as it reciprocates in the cylinder. Lubrication of the roller bearings is enhanced by openings through the piston skirt in the area of the oil rings above the roller bearings. The roller bearing axles are mounted in milled grooves.

Abstract: A two ring piston and piston ring assembly has an upper thin steel compression ring and a lower ring which is thicker than the compression ring and which acts both as a compression ring and an oil control ring. The lower piston ring is made of a material which is more conformable than steel, for example a plastics material, which may be reinforced. In this way, effective sealing is provided using only two piston rings, while the frictional forces between the piston and an associated cylinder are reduced.

Abstract: An improved lubrication system for lubricating the moving parts of a walking beam compressor used in compressing low pressure natural gas. The compressor is mounted on a walking beam oil pump. The lubrication system introduces oil through the length of a piston shaft and through a plurality of oil cooling chambers in the interior of a piston. The oil is then forced out through piston outlet ports disposed between the piston's compression rings and wear rings for providing an improved lubricant seal and extending the life of rings.

Abstract: A hydropneumatic suspension unit includes a large diameter flanged road arm spindle which is bolted to the vehicle hull; a road arm has one end rotatably mounted on the road arm spindle and another end mounting a road wheel; a barrier fluid sealed piston is reciprocated relative to a road arm bore to seal an in-arm mechanically operated pneumatic spring which has a gas volume trapped by the barrier fluid sealed piston to support the sprung mass of the vehicle; the sealed piston is defined by a pair of spaced seals and an oil chamber which has an oil charge therein pressurized by preload spring on the piston to displace the oil barrier to both lubricate and preload the pair of spaced seals as the piston is dynamically operated to vary gas compression and produce a resultant pressure on the piston to counteract vertical forces on the road wheel.

Abstract: An ultrahigh pressure water apparatus converts feed water of normal pressure into ultrahigh pressure water by means of an ultrahigh pressure pump and projects the ultrahigh pressure water through a nozzle gun in the form of jets of ultrahigh pressure water. The nozzle gun has an eccentric shaft tube rotatably disposed inside a nozzle cover, a high pressure hose rotatably inserted into the eccentric shaft tube, and nozzles fastened to the leading end of the high pressure hose. Owing to the rotation of the eccentric shaft tube, the jets of ultrahigh pressure water projected through the nozzle are sympathetically rotated.

Abstract: A lubricating valve for a moveable piston, the valve supplying lubricant at low pressure and being reversible automatically in response to a reversal of the higher pressure which drives the piston.

Abstract: A cylinder lubrication system for a combustion engine. The lubricant is directed to the cylinder wall through a piston moving in the cylinder. The piston comprises a piston pin above which there are a plurality of piston rings sealing a combustion chamber at the top side of the piston. There is a lubrication groove in the outer mantle surface of the piston between the piston pin and at least a majority of the piston rings, preferably all of the piston rings. The lubrication groove is open in a direction outwardly from the piston and has lubricant feed ducts connected thereto from the inside of the piston. In the feed ducts the lubricant is subject to continuous pressure when the engine is continuously running.

Abstract: A piston is provided with a boss having a radial bore for reception of a piston pin. The upper portion of this bore receives lubricating oil through an oiling hole extending from a depression on the outer surface of the piston, the depression being open at the bottom and extending downward on opposite sides of the boss. Downward facing inclined walls form the upper limits of the depression and serve to cause flow of lubricating oil into the oiling holes.

Abstract: In a rotary coupling, such as the coupling between a piston pin and the holes for the same bored in the bosses of a piston for an internal combustion engine, a device for improving the lubrication, comprising a number of turns of capillary circumferential groove hollowed in one of the coupling surfaces, said groove having preferably a depth ranging from 5 to 20 .mu.m, a pitch ranging from 0.25 to 1 mm and an eccentricity not exceeding 2 .mu.m.

Abstract: In an electromagnetically-operated fixed displacement pump, a lubricating oil storage tank and a communicating hole with one end opening upon the bottom of the tank are formed in a pump body, the other end of the hole in the pump body communicating with one end of another communicating hole extending through a movable armature in the axial direction thereof, the other end of the communicating hole in the armature opening into an electromagnetic gap between a fixed armature and the movable armature.

Abstract: A high-pressure pump has a housing whose cylindrical chamber is subdivided by a piston into a fixed-volume compartment and a variable-volume compartment. An orbital crank is connected via a connecting rod to this piston to reciprocate it in the housing and thereby cyclically increase and decrease the volume of the variable-volume compartment. This variable-volume compartment is connected via a downstream conduit and a checkvalve to a supply of liquid lubricant, and to an upstream conduit and an upstream checkvalve both to the fixed-volume compartment and to the joints or bearings at the end of the connecting rod.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder arrangement comprising a cylinder member and piston means mounted slideably therein, the piston means comprising a piston member and a packing member mounted on the piston member for movement therewith, wherein said packing member has first and second axially spaced radially outer surfaces dimensioned such that each contacts slidingly against said cylinder wall and wherein the piston means comprises a lubricant reservoir in communication with the space between said surfaces, which space is substantially closed by said cylinder wall.

Abstract: In the engine the side wall of the piston is provided with a perforation at a portion not facing an exhaust port of the cylinder for communicating the cylinder wall with the crankcase chamber.

Abstract: A piston, especially for a pneumatic cylinder, includes a disc-shaped piston head and a sealing element on the head, such element has at least one annular sealing lip extending outwardly of the peripheral sliding surface of the head, the sealing lip being of elastic and resilient material and being of conical form relative to a central axis of the piston head, an outer free edge of the lip thereby being capable of sealingly engaging the wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: A system for recovering the energy from atmospheric wind wherein a windmill operates a compressor for compressing air which is stored in one or more tanks. The compressed air is used to drive a prime mover coupled by gear means to an electrical generator or other work-producing apparatus. The prime mover is operated by hydraulic fluid responsive to the application of the compressed air to fluid tanks by valve means responsive to the operation of the prime mover. The compressor has a unique means for lubricating the same. Alternatively, the prime mover can be operated by conventional water pressure during periods of little or no wind.

Abstract: A piston is formed with a peripheral groove for receiving a scraper ring, and an annular, axially extending recess is formed in the face of the scraper ring groove on the side thereof toward the piston crown and adjacent the piston wall, with the recess terminating in an oil-recovery lip at the piston wall and spaced from the adjacent oil-scraping edge of a scraper ring mounted in the groove. The annular recess acts as a reservoir for oil scraped from the wall of a cylinder in which the assembly is reciprocated, which oil is subject to a force attracting it toward the crown of the piston and permits the oil from the reservoir to flow between those adjacent surfaces of the ring and groove closer to the piston crown and out through an outlet from the groove.

Abstract: An integral power steering gear with a valve in the piston is provided having a short piston and cylinder to conserve space and weight. The input shaft is mounted on a bearing carried by an inwardly projecting annular portion on the bearing cap. The projecting portion mates with a recess in the end of the piston when the piston is moved to the full extreme in that direction. The valve guide pin has been relocated at the input shaft end of the valve where maximum support of the valve is realized and improved reversibility of the valve under all conditions is gained. In the bearing cap, both a high pressure seal and a low pressure weather seal are provided. An insert ring between the two seals serves as backup to the high pressure seal. In an alternative embodiment, the insert ring may be tapered toward the inside of the gear to allow use of a thin wiper-type seal.

Abstract: A pile-driving hammer comprises a hammer cylinder, a piston accomodated in said hammer cylinder in sealing relationship with a sliding face of the hammer cylinder and means for supplying lubricant to said sliding face which consists of a lining of wear-resistant material.The pile driving hammer has a long lifetime, since cavities are provided in the lining distributed along the surface of the sliding face. In this hammer the lubricant is retained in the cavities.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine having an improved piston construction which reduces friction and wear between the piston and the cylinder wall, thereby providing cooler operation at any selected speed. The decreased wear increases piston life. The piston skirt, which is substantially parallel to the cylinder wall during normal operation, has a plurality of circumferentially spaced openings formed therethrough. These circumferentially spaced apart openings or holes, which are of a relatively small cross-sectional area compared with the area of the ports, are aligned with vertical continuous portions of the cylinder wall. The openings of the inlet, outlet, and transfer ports are located between the vertical continuous portions or ribs of the cylinder. The piston is disposed within the hollow inner portion of the cylinder for relative reciprocating motion. The openings in the cylinder skirt are aligned to move along the vertical ribs.

Abstract: An improved piston assembly including a generally cylindrical piston body having a crown, a depending relatively short ring land and a central cavity comprising inner and outer chambers. Seal receiving grooves are disposed in the ring land and are adapted to receive sealing rings, one of the grooves being specifically adapted to receive an oil ring. A generally cylindrical skirt body is provided and has an end in proximity to the piston body adjacent the ring land and is aligned with the piston body. An annular groove in the end of the skirt body opens into the outer chamber of the central cavity for receiving cooling oil draining from the cavity and for splashing the cooling oil against the interior of the piston body to cool the same. Bores from the oil ring receiving groove convey oil from such groove to the annular groove.

Abstract: An improved oil damped piston for use in internal combustion engines, pumps, compressors, or the like. The piston includes a generally cylindrical piston body having a crown and a depending skirt. A pair of spaced bands of polytetrafluoroethylene are carried by the skirt and each has a surface radially outwardly of the skirt. Each of the band surfaces includes a configuration defining a pumping surface for directing lubricant on a cylinder wall into the space between the band. The oil in the space damps side to side movement of the piston within its cylinder.

Abstract: The system comprises a plurality of engine subassemblies having double-acting pistons, for generating power and pressuring fluid for work. Each piston undergoes a power stroke, under the influence of energized fluid addressed thereto and, during the power stroke, the piston(s) pressurizes fluid for powering ancillary fluid-powered machines. The latter fluid is admitted through channels formed in the pistons to lubricate the pistons in their reciprocation in cylinders. Each of the cylinders is enclosed in a surrounding coolant chamber. A carrier element is employed for effecting a common translation of all pistons, and the carrier element supports extending actuators which, through a "lost motion" arrangement, actuate a valve-operating system coupled to the heads of the cylinders. Limit-stop springs, interposed between the carrier element and housings (which confine the cylinders) delimit the travel of the pistons.

Abstract: A piston and piston rod construction for use in a double-acting reciprocating pump, and a method of flushing a piston-type pump. The piston has spaced apart rubbers mounted on a body intermediate its length. The rubbers have confronting lips. Each rubber alternately is the working rubber and the idle rubber as the pump operates. Fluid under a pressure greater than the pump discharge pressure is introduced to the space between rubbers, where it is effective to flush particles from the surface of the liner in front of the working rubber.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder assembly having a circumferential groove around the piston near the end of the piston facing the cylinder chamber, a cuff around the piston at a location more remote from said chamber from the groove, a guide ring mounted in the groove for slideably abutting the cylinder wall, the guide ring having a convex inner configuration and a generally cylindrical outer configuration.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump or motor having: oil grooves in the internal partial-spherical surface of a piston for introducing pressure oil between said internal partial-spherical surface and a ball; oil grooves in the peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of said piston for introducing pressure oil between the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of said piston and a cylinder; small diameter passages provided through said piston and extending from the upper end of said piston to said oil grooves, while communicating with an oil chamber for said piston; and necked or throttle portions provided in said small diameter passages, respectively, to thereby give rise to pressure drops for oil which is passing through said small diameter passages.

Abstract: Power transmission apparatus for controlling the elevation of a gun barrel. Two telescopic members are provided, one being secured to the gun base and the other to the gun barrel. The first and second parts define a first piston and a hollow piston rod attached thereto with the first piston being slidable in a cylinder defined by the second part. A second piston having an associated rod is also provided and such second piston is slidable inside the first piston rod. First and second chambers are thus formed, the first being filled with an incompressible fluid such as hydraulic fluid and the second chamber is filled with a highly compressible fluid such as a gas.

Abstract: The piston is formed with a piston head and a sleeve, fitted together such that the piston head has an outer end diameter matching the diameter of the cylinder, and then is formed with an offset inwardly extending shoulder, against which the piston sleeve can bear, to permit machining of the inner face of the piston head to form a bearing cup for a spherical head of a piston rod, and then assembly of the piston sleeve to bear against the abutment; drain line and oil connection lines may be formed in the piston to lead lubricating oil to the bearing cup. The piston head and sleeve can be connected by adhesives and, if necessary, tangentially located transverse pins.