Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an oblong piston mounted to reciprocate within an oblong cylinder. The piston is elongated in a direction parallel to the axis of the crankshaft and is provided with piston rings which have sliding contact with the surface of the oblong cylinder. Each piston ring is split and is formed of at least two segments. Gaps may be provided between adjacent ends of the segments and stationary pins fixed on the piston may be received in these gaps. The gaps on one piston ring are misaligned with respect to the gaps on another piston ring.

Abstract: A four cylinder four cycle spark ignition engine has oblong pistons each mounted to reciprocate within an oblong cylinder. Each piston is elongated in a direction parallel to the axis of the crankshaft and is provided with piston rings which have sliding contact with the surface of the oblong cylinder. Each piston ring is split at one side, and the free shape thereof prior to installation is such as to give superior results after installation when the engine is operated at high speed and high performance.

Abstract: A rotary compressor and process of compressing compressible fluids wherein the compressor comprises a housing having at least two axially spaced walls and rotatable in relation to the housing piston and cylinder-piston journaled on eccentric portions of two oppositely rotatable shafts. The piston and cylinder-piston form moveable walls, and axially spaced walls of the housing form stationary walls of at least two compression chambers. Circulated fluid is drawn into the compression chambers through intake ports and is discharged through discharge valves.

Abstract: A rotary compressor and process of compressing compressible fluids wherein the compressor comprises a housing having two axially spaced walls and rotatable in relation to the housing piston and cylinder-piston journaled on eccentric portions of two oppositely rotatable shafts. The piston and cylinder-piston elements form moveable walls, and axially spaced walls of the housing form stationary walls of a compression chamber. Circulated fluid is drawn into the compression chamber through intake valve or valves and is discharged through discharge valve or valves.

Abstract: A rotary compressor and process of compressing compressible fluids wherein the compressor comprises a housing having at least two axially spaced walls and rotatable in relation to the housing piston and cylinder-piston elements journaled on eccentric portions of two oppositely rotatable shafts. The piston and cylinder-piston form moveable walls, and axially spaced walls of the housing form stationary walls of at least two compression chambers. Circulated fluid is drawn into the compression chambers through intake valves and is discharged through discharge valves.

Abstract: A rotary compressor and process of compressing compressible fluids wherein the compressor comprises a housing having two axially spaced walls and rotatable in relation to the housing piston and cylinder-piston journaled on eccentric portions of two oppositely rotatable shafts. The piston and cylinder-piston form moveable walls, and axially spaced walls of the housing form stationary walls of a compression chamber. Circulated fluid is drawn into the compression chamber through intake port or ports and is discharged through discharge valve or valves.

Abstract: The actuator comprises a cylinder of non-circular cross section having three ports and a center axis, three pistons and a piston rod which is provided with at least one male thread having a pre-determined helical angle at a pre-determined pitch. One of the pistons is mounted on the piston rod for rotation relative thereto while being fixed against axial displacement therealong, and the other two pistons are provided with at least one female spiral thread engaged with the male spiral thread on the piston rod, while being maintained at a small spacing therebetween. Thus, the piston rod can reciprocate in the cylinder in opposite axial directions and can rotate, relative to the cylinder, in opposite angular directions, and further, an accurate positioning of the piston rod can be effected at a beginning and/or an end of an operating cycle thereof.

Abstract: A working cylinder for pneumatic or hydraulic pressure media has a piston reciprocable in a cylinder chamber closed at one end. The cylinder and the piston have polygonal cross-sections. The end of the cylinder may be closed by a cylinder cap secured in place by bolts passing through it and threaded in the ends of the cylinder. Polygonal seals are provided between the cylinder caps and the piston and the interior walls of the cylinder. Two opposed walls of the cylinder may be thicker than the outer walls, and provided with through holes for attachment means.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a cylinder and a piston with rectangular cross sections. A guideway slot extends across one face of the piston, and engages an off-center pin affixed to the crankshaft for translating linear movement of the piston to rotational movement of the crankshaft. The cylinder may be formed of four side wall plates mounted to define the side walls of the cylinder, and plate means covering the ends of the side wall plates to define a combustion chamber and a crankcase. The crankshaft may be hollow, to define a fuel inlet passageway.

Abstract: A hopper having a bottom opening into an open topped chamber portion of a housing which defines a discharge passageway leading from the chamber to a discharge end portion. A piston is mounted for reciprocatory movements in the chamber portion and passageway. The piston having a pumping surface normal to the direction of its movement and facing the discharge end portion of the passageway. The piston has an opposite surface which slopes angularly upwardly toward the pumping surface. A check valve is disposed in the passageway at the discharge end portion of the passageway.

Abstract: A pumping apparatus used to move manure from a collection chamber through a conduit into a storage or detention pond. The pumping apparatus has a flow-through piston reciprocated with a reversible hydraulic fluid motor. The piston has a pair of gates pivotally mounted about separate generally upright axes at the forward end of the piston to control one-way flow of manure through the piston. A reciprocator operates in conjunction with a pump to alternately supply fluid under pressure to opposite ends of the fluid motor and thereby reciprocate the piston.

Abstract: The actuator comprises a cylinder of non-circular cross section, two types of pistons and a piston rod which is provided with at least one spiral male thread having a pre-determined helical angle at a pre-determined pitch. One of the piston is mounted on the piston rod for rotation relative thereto while being fixed against axial displacement therealong, and is provided with two relief pressure control valves opening in respective opposite directions, and the other piston is provided with at least one female spiral thread engaged with the male thread on the piston rod. The rod can thus reciprocate in the cylinder in opposite axial directions and can rotate, relative to the cylinder, in opposite angular directions.