Abstract: A compressing system includes a compression section that compresses a target gas to an intermediate pressure, which is equal to or higher than a critical pressure and lower than a target pressure to generate an intermediate supercritical fluid, a cooling section that cools the intermediate supercritical fluid generated in the compression section to near a critical temperature to generate an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid, and a pumping section that compresses the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid generated in the cooling section to a pressure that is equal to or higher than the target pressure. At least one of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid compressed in the pumping section, a low-temperature liquid generated by extracting the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid on the upstream side of the pumping section to reduce pressure to near the critical pressure, and an external cooling medium is used as a cooling medium in the cooling section.

Abstract: A bypass for an air dryer having an inlet, a prefiltration stage having a drain valve to purge contaminants, a pair of inlet valves in communication with the prefiltration stage to control the flow of compressed air through the desiccant towers, and an outlet coupled to the pair of desiccant towers. The bypass may be a bypass valve that is normally open to the outlet when the air dryer is unpowered and pilotable to be a closed to allow air to flow to the prefiltration stage when the air dryer is powered. The bypass may be a three-way valve that is normally coupled to the outlet and that may be piloted to connect to the prefiltration stage when the dryer is powered. The bypass may also be a check valve that opens in response to pressure in the inlet to allow compressed air to flow directly to the outlet.

Abstract: A helium-containing stream is recovered from a natural gas feed using a membrane followed by multiple distillation steps. Refrigeration is provided by expanding a bottoms liquid with a higher nitrogen content than the feed, achieving a lower temperature in the process. The helium-enriched vapor is then purified and the helium-containing waste stream is recycled to maximize recovery and reduce the number of compressors needed. The helium-depleted natural gas stream can be returned at pressure for utilization or transportation.

Abstract: A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed comprising the steps of introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream, introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, cooling the flue gas stream to produce a cooled take-off stream, separating the cooled take-off stream into a saturated gas stream, heating the saturated gas stream to produce a membrane gas stream, introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, the sulfur dioxide in the membrane gas stream permeates the membrane of the membrane sweeping unit, introducing a sweep air stream, the sweep air stream collects the sulfur dioxide to create the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream.

Abstract: A method for recovering sulfur from an acid gas feed is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing the acid gas feed and an absorption process outlet stream to form a combined Claus feed, introducing the combined Claus feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed to a Claus process to produce a Claus outlet gas stream, introducing the Claus outlet gas stream to a thermal oxidizer, treating the thermal oxidizer outlet stream in a gas treatment unit to produce a dehydrated stream, introducing the dehydrated stream to a membrane sweeping unit to produce a sweep membrane residue stream and a sulfur dioxide enriched air feed, introducing a sweep air stream to a permeate side of the membrane sweeping unit, and introducing the sweep membrane residue stream to a sulfur dioxide absorption process to produce the absorption process outlet stream and a stack feed.

Abstract: A method of obtaining helium from a process gas. The process gas is at a pressure less than 15 bar to a first membrane separation stage having a first membrane more readily permeable for helium than for at least one other component in the process gas. A first retentate stream is fed to a second membrane separation stage having a second membrane more readily permeable for helium than for at least one other component in the process gas. Helium is separated from a first helium-containing permeate stream using a pressure swing adsorption to obtain a helium-containing product stream. A second helium-containing permeate stream is recycled to the first membrane separation stage. A purge gas from the pressure swing adsorption is also recycled to the first membrane separation stage.

Abstract: A method for increasing sulfur recovery from an acid gas feed comprising the steps of introducing the acid gas feed and a sulfur dioxide enriched air stream to a Claus process to produce a product gas stream, introducing the product gas stream to a thermal oxidizer to produce a flue gas stream, cooling the flue gas stream to produce a cooled take-off stream, separating the cooled take-off stream into a saturated gas stream, heating the saturated gas stream to produce a membrane gas stream, introducing the membrane gas stream to a membrane sweeping unit, the membrane sweeping unit comprises a membrane, the sulfur dioxide in the membrane gas stream permeates the membrane of the membrane sweeping unit, introducing a sweep air stream, the sweep air stream collects the sulfur dioxide to create the sulfur dioxide enriched air stream.

Abstract: Provided is a method of purifying polyolefin, the method including the step of contacting linear low-density polyethylene synthesized by a gas phase polymerization reaction with a purge gas containing an ethylene gas and an inert gas in a purge bin. According to this purification method, residual alkene monomers with high carbon numbers may be removed in a simpler and more efficient manner.

Abstract: Provided is a method of purifying polyolefin, the method including the step of contacting linear low-density polyethylene synthesized by a gas phase polymerization reaction with a purge gas containing an ethylene gas and an inert gas in a purge bin. According to this purification method, residual alkene monomers with high carbon numbers may be removed in a simpler and more efficient manner.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a membrane module for the separation of oxygen from air during biomass gasification. The method comprises employing a membrane module as disclosed herein and using gas exiting the membrane module to heat incoming fresh air, more than 50% of heat energy contained in the gas exiting the membrane module being utilized to preheat the fresh air. The fresh air is further heated to a temperature of from 800° C. to 900° C. by directly feeding combustion gas or synthesis gas from the biomass gasification into a combustion space of the membrane module.

Abstract: A gas chromatographic method for analyzing natural gas and a natural gas upgrading system using the gas chromatographic method for analyzing natural gas. The method includes transporting the natural gas through a chiller, transporting the natural gas from the chiller to at least two gas upgrading membranes, and operating a gas chromatographic system having at least one upstream gas chromatograph and at least two downstream gas chromatographs. The at least one upstream gas chromatograph, the first downstream gas chromatograph, and the second downstream gas chromatograph all operate simultaneously and utilize the same heating oven to heat samples of natural gas.

Abstract: A process for separating benzene from a reactor effluent in which the reactor effluent is passed to a first separation zone to separate the effluent into a bottom benzene lean stream and an overhead stream. The bottom benzene lean stream does not need to be processed further to remove benzene. The overhead stream may be cooled and is passed to a second separation zone in which it is separated into a bottom benzene rich stream and a second overhead stream. The bottom benzene rich stream contains at least 80% of the benzene from the reactor effluent. The operating temperature of the first separation zone is greater than the operating temperature of the second separation zone.

Abstract: The present invention relates a process and apparatus that recovers a helium rich stream from a mixed gas having low concentrations of helium therein. More specifically, the invention relates to an integrated process and apparatus for treating a mixed feed gas from an operating process that produces a liquid product from natural gas containing helium, such as processes that produce ammonia, methanol, or liquid hydrocarbons.

Abstract: One or more processes to cool a wet natural gas feed stream before the feed stream is passed to a guard bed zone for a membrane separation unit. The processes utilizing an existing processes stream that has a temperature below the hydrate formation temperature of the feed stream. The existing stream may be a residue stream from the membrane separation unit which is heat exchanged with a cleaned stream from the guard bed zone. The cooled clean stream may then be used to cool the wet feed stream.

Abstract: Disclosed are various turbulent, corrosion-resistant heat exchangers used in desiccant air conditioning systems.

Abstract: Disclosed are various turbulent, corrosion-resistant heat exchangers used in desiccant air conditioning systems.

Abstract: A process for recovering unreacted olefin in a polyolefin manufacturing process comprising the treatment of a purge bin vent gas. The process involves cooling and condensing the vent gas (purge stream), which contains at least an olefin, a paraffin, and nitrogen, to produce a liquid condensate and an uncondensed (residual) gas stream. Both streams are then passed through membrane separation steps. The membrane separation of the uncondensed gas stream results in a residue stream containing mostly nitrogen and/or paraffin and a permeate stream enriched in either C2+ hydrocarbons or olefin, depending on the type of separation. The permeate from this step is recirculated within the process prior to the condensation step. The membrane separation of the condensate results in a residue stream containing paraffin and a permeate stream enriched in olefin, which may be recycled to the polymerization reactor.

Abstract: A method and a device for compressing a gas-phase medium, particularly hydrogen or natural gas, in a single-stage or multistage process using at least one piston compressor, wherein the medium may have a water content up to total saturation with water. The medium to be compressed is heated before the compression at least to such point that the water is unable to condense out during the compression process, and the compressed medium undergoes a water separation process.

Abstract: An on board inert gas generation system for an aircraft receives air from a relatively low pressure source such as low pressure engine bleed air or ram air and passes it to a positive displacement compressor to increase the pressure thereof to be suitable for supply to an air separation module. The positive displacement compressor comprises a high pressure ratio single stage supercharger with internal cooling.

Abstract: Various methods and systems for removing particulates from a cycle gas stream, e.g., in a reactor system, are provided. In certain embodiments, the methods are performed in conjunction with a polymerization reactor system such as a gas-phase reactor system.

Abstract: An aircraft has a ventilation system that employs a plurality of nozzles positioned in a cavity between a sidewall of the aircraft cabin and a section of the aircraft fuselage. The nozzles receive a supply of ventilation air and direct jets of air from the nozzles, through the cavity and into the aircraft cabin. The jets of air produced by the nozzles create low-pressure areas in the cavity. At least one return air opening in the cabin sidewall communicates the low-pressure areas with the cabin interior, whereby the low pressure areas draw air from the cabin interior into the cavity where the drawn air is entrained with the jets of air produced by the nozzles. Devices inside the cavity remove suspended impurities from the air drawn into the cavity. In this manner, the ventilation system filters or sanitizes the air drawn through the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of pressurizing a fluid comprising carbon dioxide, the method includes: obtaining the fluid from a unit for removing carbon dioxide from a process gas; compressing the fluid to a pressure above the critical pressure of carbon dioxide; and cooling the compressed fluid to a temperature above the critical temperature of carbon dioxide to produce a supercritical fluid. The invention further relates to an apparatus for pressurizing a fluid comprising carbon dioxide, the apparatus including: means for obtaining the fluid from a unit for removing carbon dioxide from a process gas; means for compressing the fluid to a pressure above the critical pressure of carbon dioxide; and means for cooling the compressed fluid to a temperature above the critical temperature of carbon dioxide to produce a supercritical fluid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing air. The apparatus comprises an air separation module, a first input, a first output, a second output, and a flow control system. The air separation module is configured to generate an inert gas. The first input for the air separation module is configured to receive first air. The first output for the air separation module is configured to output the inert gas from the air separation module. The second output for the air separation module is configured to output separated air from the air separation module. The flow control system is configured to control a flow of air in the air separation module that increases a rate at which the air separation module reaches a desired operating temperature for generating the inert gas using a number of ports in the flow control module.

Abstract: A method is described for separating off trace components from a fraction (1) containing at least nitrogen and helium, wherein this fraction is partially condensed (E) before enrichment of the helium. The partially condensed fraction (2) is fed at least in part to at least one separation column (T) and separated therein into a helium-rich gas fraction (6) and a nitrogen-rich liquid fraction which also contains the unwanted trace components (5).

Abstract: An off gas extraction system cleans common sources of off gas, such as storage tanks and polluted soils. Off gas is extracted, followed by compression and condensation. Compression and condensation produce an off gas that can be reintroduced as a treated gas into the off gas source. Alternatively, a regenerative absorber cleans the treated gas by adsorbing residual chemical vapor and concentrates the removed chemical vapors and reprocesses them. If the treated gas is not reintroduced into the off gas source, conventional scrubbers may used on the back end of the system to produce a final exhaust as prescribed by environmental regulation. Methods of accomplishing the same are similarly provided, including novel methods for degassing storage tanks and treating polluted soils to meet current environmental regulations, as well as green technology and sustainability initiatives.

Abstract: A protocol for removing condensables from a fluid. The fluid, as an example an acid gas stream captured for EOR or CCS purposes, is initially treated to condense liquids with removal to form a gas stream. The latter is then compressed and cooled. At least a portion of this is then expanded, to form a cooled low pressure stream, and mixed with the initial fluid stream to augment cooling and condensation of condensable components.

Abstract: A system and method for reclaiming compressor lubricants wherein a gas stream containing a lubricant contaminant is compressed to produce a compressed gas stream containing lubricant, the compressed gas stream being separated to produce a lubricant stream containing contaminant, the lubricant/contaminant stream being sent through a separator wherein the contaminant is separated from the lubricant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of pressurising a fluid comprising carbon dioxide, the method includes: obtaining the fluid from a unit for removing carbon dioxide from a process gas; compressing the fluid to a pressure above the critical pressure of carbon dioxide; and cooling the compressed fluid to a temperature above the critical temperature of carbon dioxide to produce a supercritical fluid. The invention further relates to an apparatus for pressurising a fluid comprising carbon dioxide, the apparatus including: means for obtaining the fluid from a unit for removing carbon dioxide from a process gas; means for compressing the fluid to a pressure above the critical pressure of carbon dioxide; and means for cooling the compressed fluid to a temperature above the critical temperature of carbon dioxide to produce a supercritical fluid.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods for separating a purge gas recovered from a polyethylene product. The method includes recovering a polyethylene product containing one or more volatile hydrocarbons from a polymerization reactor and contacting the polyethylene product with a purge gas to remove at least a portion of the volatile hydrocarbons to produce a polymer product having a reduced concentration of volatile hydrocarbons and a purge gas product enriched in volatile hydrocarbons. The purge gas product is compressed to a pressure of 2,500 kPaa to 10,000 kPaa, and is then cooled and separated into at least a first product, a second product, and a third product. A portion of one or more of the first, second, or third products is then recycled as a purge gas, to the polymerization reactor, or to the purge gas product enriched in volatile hydrocarbons prior to compression, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas separation process that utilizes ejector recycle with a membrane separation step in combination with a second separation step. The second separation step may be a second membrane separation step, or may involve a different type of separation process.

Abstract: In a method for purifying a flow rich in carbon dioxide and containing at least one impurity lighter than carbon dioxide, the flow is cooled in a heat exchanger (7) and partially condensed, the partially condensed flow is sent to a first phase separator (9) operating under a first pressure, a gas from the first phase separator is compressed and sent to a second phase separator (31) operating under a second pressure higher than the first pressure, a first liquid (11) is sent from the first phase separator to a housing (15) operating under a pressure lower than the first pressure, and a second liquid (33) is sent to the housing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include a process for the production of chlorine gas. For the various embodiments, the process includes compressing a gas mixture of vaporized liquid chlorine and a feed gas containing chlorine to form a compressed gas. Chlorine in the compressed gas is condensed into liquid chlorine. A first portion of the liquid chlorine is vaporized to provide a heat of condensation to condense chlorine from the compressed gas into liquid chlorine. A second portion of the liquid chlorine is vaporized to provide both the vaporized liquid chlorine for the gas mixture and a heat of condensation to cool a tail gas from the process. A chlorine gas product from the vaporized first portion of the liquid chlorine is also produced.

Abstract: A system adapted to separate a natural gas feed stream into a sweetened gas stream, at least one liquid waste stream and at least one gaseous waste stream, and to discharge, recover or destroy the at least one liquid waste stream and the at least one gaseous waste stream.

Abstract: A method is provided where carbon dioxide is compressed in a multi-stage geared compressor using a substantially isothermic process to a pressure which lies above the pressure of the critical point of carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is subsequently cooled to ambient temperature in a cooling device and then compressed to a predefined final pressure in a pump device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method of producing gaseous and liquid component streams from at least two multi-phase streams in at least two pipelines, the method comprising at least the steps of: (a) passing a first multi-phase stream along a first pipeline and through a first slugcatcher system; (b) passing a second multi-phase stream through a second pipeline and a second slugcatcher system; (c) passing a first pig down the first pipeline to create a first pig-slug mass in the first pipeline; and (d) passing at least a fraction of the first multi-phase stream upstream of the first pig-slug mass to the second pipeline along a crossover line.

Abstract: A method for the purification of a feed gas stream containing at least CO2 and at least one impurity with by the incorporation of a purification step, enabling water to be at least partially removed is provided.

Abstract: An integrated air handling system having a make-up air system that treats outside air and a recirculating system that mixes the treated outside air with building return air. The make-up air system may include a filter, a dehumidifier, a humidifier, a combination of a dehumidifier and a humidifier, and/or an exhaust fan. The mixed air is supplied to a structure.

Abstract: A method to prepare a thin ceramic or metallic solid-state composition comprising three phases: a material (A), a material (B), and pores, wherein the porous matrix of material (A) has a porosity gradient in the range of about 0% to about 80%, and wherein the pores are partially or completely filled with material (B). Various compositions and methods of use for the prepared composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel pressurized vapor cycle for distilling liquids. In an embodiment of the invention, a liquid purification system is revealed, including the elements of an input for receiving untreated liquid, a vaporizer coupled to the input for transforming the liquid to vapor, a head chamber for collecting the vapor, a vapor pump with an internal drive shaft and an eccentric rotor with a rotatable housing for compressing vapor, a condenser in communication with the vapor pump for transforming the compressed vapor into a distilled product, and an electric motor with motor rotor and magnets hermetically sealed within the fluid pressure boundary of the distillation system.

Abstract: A separation method and apparatus that separates a component from a feed stream by use of a membrane in which separation is driven, at least in part, by a sweep stream. The sweep stream may be pumped to a supercritical pressure and then heated to at least near supercritical temperature, at least in part, through heat exchange with a component laden sweep stream being discharged from the membrane. A multi-component mixture can also be used that will produce the sweep stream as a vapor as a result of the heat exchange. The component laden sweep stream, due to cooling through the indirect heat exchange, will form a two-phase fluid that can be phase separated into a vapor phase enriched in the component that can be taken as a product and a residual liquid that can be recirculated in the formation of the sweep stream in the liquid state.

Abstract: An aircraft fire prevention system provides oxygen depleted (hypoxic) air for the fuel tank and/or cargo compartment protection; the system does not employ compressed air for the production of hypoxic air, which allows to save energy and fuel and to reduce negative impact on the earth atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a hydrogen rich gas stream at a high pressure for use by hydrogen vehicles or other devices requiring hydrogen rich feed streams are disclosed in the present invention. As the pressure of gaseous hydrogen is increased, the temperature of the gaseous hydrogen also increases due to the heat of compression. The apparatus and method of the present invention utilize localized cooling via a vortex tube to cool the gaseous hydrogen caused by the increase in pressure.

Abstract: A device for separating liquid from gas in a well flow when compressing the well flow comprises a liquid separator having an inlet for the well flow, an outlet for gas and an outlet for liquid. According to the invention separated liquid from the liquid separator is fine-divided in connection with the liquid outlet, and fine-divided liquid is supplied into the gas outlet at a mixing point downstream the liquid separator and upstream a compressor.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the treatment of a carbon dioxide-containing flue gas stream are described, at least part of the carbon dioxide present being removed from the flue gas stream in a separating device having in particular an absorption column 7 with the formation of a gas stream having a low carbon dioxide content and a carbon dioxide-rich gas stream. For overcoming the pressure drop caused by the carbon dioxide removal in the absorption column 7, it is proposed that the gas stream having a low carbon dioxide content and formed after the removal of the carbon dioxide from the flue gas stream is subjected to a gas stream compression, for example by means of a flue gas blower 14.

Abstract: The process consists of a combination of a low temperature CO2 condensation separation step followed by either a physical or chemical solvent scrubbing process. The first step results in the partial pressure of CO2 in the gaseous steam being reduced to a value near the triple point pressure of CO2. Typically, the partial pressure of CO2 is reduced to the range 5.5 bar to 7.0 bar. The second stage process then removes the remaining CO2.

Abstract: In a compressed air purification apparatus for motor vehicles, compressed air under static pressure in a pressure conduit (3) is firstly freed of impurities such as hydrocarbon compounds and oil products and subsequently dried. To ensure effective freeing of the compressed air of impurities and water vapour and provide a compressed air purification apparatus which can be used with simple means in motor vehicles, the invention provides for the compressed air being brought, before purification, to such a temperature that the gaseous impurities in the compressed air are condensed and the water present in the compressed air is dissolved as vapour.

Abstract: A reflow apparatus for solder joining electronic components to a substrate includes a reflow chamber, a conveyor to convey a substrate within the chamber, at least one heating element to provide heat to reflow solder on the substrate, and at least one system to remove contaminants generated from the reflow solder. The system is coupled with the chamber for passage of a vapor stream from the chamber through the system. The system comprises a contaminant collection unit in fluid communication with the vapor stream. The contaminant collection unit includes a coil and a collection container. The coil is configured to receive cooled gas therein. The arrangement is such that when introducing cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream condense on the coil, and when ceasing the introduction of cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream are released from the coil and collected in the collection container. Other embodiments and methods for removing contaminants are further disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for reducing CO2 emissions in an exhaust stream, and industrial plants utilizing the same. In one embodiment, a method for reducing emissions in a combustion stream, comprises: generating an exhaust stream, and compressing the stream. A first flow of the compressed exhaust stream is recycled to the generating step, and a second flow is provided to a CO2 separation system.

Abstract: A method for cleaning hydrocarbons from a gas-vapor medium ejected to the atmosphere, formed while storing oil or gasoline or filling a container therewith is provided. The medium is pumped out and compressed in a gas-liquid jet apparatus due to energy of oil or gasoline supplied by a pump. The formed mixture is separated in a separator, where a pressure of 0.7 to 2.5 MPa is maintained, and gas from the separator is compressed in a jet apparatus by oil or gasoline supplied by a pump. The gas medium cleaned from the hydrocarbons is outputted and the saturated absorbent is directed to a desorber where a pressure is generated to be lower than the pressure in the separator. The liquid medium is removed from the separators and to a container or to a storage tank from which oil or gasoline is simultaneously supplied to pump inlets or to the separators.

Abstract: Systems and methods of capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide, comprising mixing a substantially non-aqueous solvent and an alkali such that the solvent and alkali form a solvent suspension, mixing water and a flue gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent suspension such that a reaction occurs, the reaction resulting in the formation of a carbonate, water and heat.