Abstract: Macromolecular species in a liquid sample are chromatographically separated in a separation medium formed by polymerization of monomers in an aqueous solution with a sufficient amount of crosslinking agent to cause aggregation and precipitation of the polymer chains. The medium is either formed in the column in which chromatography is to take place as a continuous although channeled bed, or in a separate reaction vessel and then transferred to the column in comminuted form as a packed bed. Improvements in the performance of the bed are achieved by compression of the bed.

Abstract: A structure comprising bodies having a functional surface property bonded to a substrate via a siloxane polymer adhesive. The structure may comprise a novel composition comprising a siloxane polymer having carbon bodies bonded thereto by direct carbon to silicon bonds. This composition may be used to bond carbon particles through a medium comprising the siloxane polymer to a vitreous, metal, plastic or other nucleophilic substrate. Alternatively, the bodies may comprise alumina, silicon, zeolite, organic polymers or other nucleophilic compositions, which are bonded directly to silicon atoms of the siloxane polymer. To bond carbon or other nucleophilic bodies to the substrate, the substrate is contacted with a mixture of the bodies and a hydrosiloxane polymer. The mixture is heated to cause the polymer to be bonded to the nucleophilic bodies, typically by C--Si, C--O--Si, Si--O--Si or Si--O--Al bonds, and to the substrate by reaction with the surface silanol or other nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: A structure comprising bodies having a functional surface property bonded to a substrate via a siloxane polymer adhesive. The structure may comprise a novel composition comprising a siloxane polymer having carbon bodies bonded thereto by direct carbon to silicon bonds. This composition may be used to bond carbon particles through a medium comprising the siloxane polymer to a vitreous, metal, plastic or other nucleophilic substrate. Alternatively, the bodies may comprise alumina, silicon, zeolite, organic polymers or other nucleophilic compositions, which are bonded directly to silicon atoms of the siloxane polymer. To bond carbon or other nucleophilic bodies to the substrate, the substrate is contacted with a mixture of the bodies and a hydrosiloxane polymer. The mixture is heated to cause the polymer to be bonded to the nucleophilic bodies, typically by C--Si, C--O--Si, Si--O--Si or Si--O--Al bonds, and to the substrate by reaction with the surface silanol or other nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: A structure comprising bodies having a functional surface property bonded to a substrate via a siloxane polymer adhesive. The structure may comprise a novel composition comprising a siloxane polymer having carbon bodies bonded thereto by direct carbon to silicon bonds. This composition may be used to bond carbon particles through a medium comprising the siloxane polymer to a vitreous, metal, plastic or other nucleophilic substrate. Alternatively, the bodies may comprise alumina, silicon, zeolite, organic polymers or other nucleophilic compositions, which are bonded directly to silicon atoms of the siloxane polymer. To bond carbon or other nucleophilic bodies to the substrate, the substrate is contacted with a mixture of the bodies and a hydrosiloxane polymer. The mixture is heated to cause the polymer to be bonded to the nucleophilic bodies, typically by C--Si, C--O--Si, Si--O--Si or Si--O--Al bonds, and to the substrate by reaction with the surface silanol or other nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: A structure comprising bodies having a functional surface property bonded to a substrate via a siloxane polymer adhesive. The structure may comprise a novel composition comprising a siloxane polymer having carbon bodies bonded thereto by direct carbon to silicon bonds. This composition may be used to bond carbon particles through a medium comprising the siloxane polymer to a vitreous, metal, plastic or other nucleophilic substrate. Alternatively, the bodies may comprise alumina, silicon, zeolite, organic polymers or other nucleophilic compositions, which are bonded directly to silicon atoms of the siloxane polymer. To bond carbon or other nucleophilic bodies to the substrate, the substrate is contacted with a mixture of the bodies and a hydrosiloxane polymer. The mixture is heated to cause the polymer to be bonded to the nucleophilic bodies, typically by C--Si, C--O--Si, Si--O--Si or Si--O--Al bonds, and to the substrate by reaction with the surface silanol or other nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: A structure comprising bodies having a functional surface property bonded to a substrate via a siloxane polymer adhesive. The structure may comprise a novel composition comprising a siloxane polymer having carbon bodies bonded thereto by direct carbon to silicon bonds. This composition may be used to bond carbon particles through a medium comprising the siloxane polymer to a vitreous, metal, plastic or other nucleophilic substrate. Alternatively, the bodies may comprise alumina, silicon, zeolite, organic polymers or other nucleophilic compositions, which are bonded directly to silicon atoms of the siloxane polymer. To bond carbon or other nucleophilic bodies to the substrate, the substrate is contacted with a mixture of the bodies and a hydrosiloxane polymer. The mixture is heated to cause the polymer to be bonded to the nucleophilic bodies, typically by C--Si, C--O--Si, Si--O--Si or Si--O--Al bonds, and to the substrate by reaction with the surface silanol or other nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: A protective monolayer is formed on e.g. silica gel and glass surfaces comprising a monolayer of silicon and oxygen atoms which is substituted with first and second hydrocarbyl substituents.

Abstract: Composite articles are useful for separating mercury from fluids. The composite articles can be porous supports comprising an inert substrate having immobilized thereon finely divided gold optionally in combination with a tin salt coating. The porous support can be a particulate or porous fibrous webs. Alternatively, the composite articles can comprise a porous fibrous membrane having enmeshed therein the aforementioned porous supports which can be in particulate or fibrous forms. The method for separating elemental, ionic, or organic mercury in fluids comprises the step of contacting and passing a fluid containing mercury through a support comprising a porous, high surface area, inert substrate on which is immobilized finely divided elemental gold at a controlled rate for a time sufficient for the mercury to sorb to the elemental gold and to provide an immobilized gold-mercury amalgam on the support. If a tin salt also is immobilized on the inert substrate, mercury-tin salt can also be formed.

Abstract: A separation process includes producing low temperature glassy carbon from an aromatic oligomeric precursor with acetylene groups and using the resultant glassy carbon as the stationary phase in a separation process. Glassy carbon with preselected selectivity and retention characteristics can be generated by controlling the temperature of which the glassy carbon is processed.

Abstract: Methods for separation of substances are provided. The methods include contacting a mixture of at least two components in flowable conditions with mesoporous, crystalline materials termed M41S which also include MCM-41 materials. The mesoporous crystalline materials may be used in separations as is or functionalized.

Abstract: Chromatographic separations and resolutions of racemic mixtures and diastereoisomers are enhanced by simultaneously employing an enantiomeric, chiral stationary phase (CSP) and an enantiomeric, chiral mobile phase additive (CMPA) bearing a stereoisomeric relationship to the CSP but having the opposite chirality are enhanced relative to the use of either a CSP or a CMPA alone. Specific CMPA compositions having the structural formulas ##STR1## are also disclosed.

Abstract: A continuous liquid chromatographic column containing a separation medium in the form of a macroporous polymer plug is disclosed. The column possesses numerous advantages over conventional columns which are packed with beads or particles. The plug contains both small pores less than 200 nm in diameter and large pores greater than 600 nm in diameter.

Abstract: Chromatography processes employ doped sol gel glasses as chromatographic media. In one embodiment, a process for qualitative or quantitative determination of a reactive chemical contained in a sample comprises passing the sample through a column or planar chromatography apparatus wherein the apparatus includes packing or plates containing a porous doped sol gel glass. The doped sol gel glass is formed form a metal alkoxide and contains a compound encapsulated therein which is reactive with the reactive chemical in the pores of the doped sol gel glass. In another embodiment, a process for analyzing a gas sample containing a reactive chemical comprises passing the gas sample through glass capillaries or tubes containing porous doped sol gel glass pellets. The pellets are formed from a metal alkoxide and contain a colorimetric reagent encapsulated therein which is reactive with the reactive chemical in the pores of the pellets.

Abstract: An adsorption type packing for gas chromatography composed of finely divided carbon particles in whole, and having a ratio of nitrogen gas adsorption at a relative pressure of 0.3 (V.sub.0.3) to nitrogen gas adsorption at a relative pressure of about 1.0 (V.sub.1.0) each in the adsorption isotherm of said packing, V.sub.0.3 /V.sub.1.0, of 0.9 or more and a BET specific surface area of 1,000 to 2,000 m.sup.2 /g; and a process for producing said packing.

Abstract: A chromatographic column, which has for a stationary phase a polysiloxane containing pendant cyano-substituted biphenyls, is selective in the chromatographic separation of organic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon isomers.