Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for highly purifying nitric oxide by removing impurities included in nitric oxide, which comprises: a number of dehumidifiers connected to one another in a series, to remove water and carbon dioxide from the nitric oxide; a vaporizing and liquefying unit for respectively separating impurities into a gaseous state and a liquid state by cooling the nitric oxide which passed through the dehumidifiers at sub-zero temperatures; a storage tank for storing highly purified nitric oxide separated by the vaporizing and liquefying unit; an exhaust pump for discharging gaseous impurities, separated by the vaporizing and liquefying unit, to a scrubber; an outlet for discharging liquid impurities, separated by the vaporizing and liquefying unit, to the scrubber; and the scrubber 50 for purifying the gaseous and liquid impurities.

Abstract: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) assemblies with purge control systems, and hydrogen-generation assemblies and/or fuel cell systems containing the same. The PSA assemblies are operated according to a PSA cycle to produce a product hydrogen stream and a byproduct stream from a mixed gas stream. The byproduct stream may be delivered as a fuel stream to a heating assembly, which may heat the hydrogen-producing region that produces the mixed gas stream. The PSA assemblies may be adapted to regulate the flow of purge gas utilized therein, such as according to a predetermined, non-constant profile. In some embodiments, the flow of purge gas is regulated to maintain the flow rate and/or fuel value of the byproduct stream at or within a determined range of a threshold value, and/or to regulate the flow of purge gas to limit the concentration of carbon monoxide in a heated exhaust stream produced from the byproduct stream.

Abstract: A thermal sink is used to recover heat from a product gas leaving an adsorption vessel in a thermal swing adsorption process. Heat that is recovered from the product gas is used to heat a regeneration gas during the subsequent regeneration of the adsorbent material within the adsorption vessel. The step in which the regenerated bed of adsorbent material is cooled prior to returning to adsorption mode is eliminated.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing methane and other gases are disclosed. A representative method in accordance with one embodiment includes directing a first portion of a gas stream through a first adsorbent while exchanging heat between a second adsorbent and a third adsorbent. The method can further include directing a second portion of the gas stream through the third adsorbent while exchanging heat between the first and second adsorbents. The method can still further include directing a third portion of the gas stream through the second adsorbent while exchanging heat between the first and third adsorbents. In further particular aspects, the adsorbent can be used to remove carbon dioxide from a flow of methane. In other particular aspects, a heat exchange fluid that is not in direct contact with the adsorbents is used to transfer heat among the adsorbents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream. In one embodiment, the fuel filter comprises at least one column comprising an adsorbent. In one exemplary embodiment the adsorbent is capable of removing sulfur containing compounds, especially sulfur containing aromatic compounds, from fuels used in internal combustion engines, especially diesel fuels. Also disclosed is an apparatus for extending the life cycle of a post combustion emission control device. In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream and an emission control device. Finally, a method for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream is disclosed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit of the air conditioning apparatus includes a first heat exchanger including a first body, a first introduction opening provided at an upper end portion of the first body, and a first discharge opening formed at a corner portion on one side of a lower end portion of the first body and having an elliptic shape; and a second heat exchanger including a second body, a second introduction opening connected to the first discharge opening, provided at a corner portion on one side of a lower portion of the second body, and having an elliptic shape corresponding to that of the first discharge opening, and a second discharge opening provided at a corner portion on the other side of an upper end portion of the second body.

Abstract: Device for drying a compressed gas in a non-dissipative manner, which mainly consists of a compressed gas supply (2), at least two pressure vessels (31, 32) with an input (33, 34) and an output (35, 36), and a take-off point (26), whereby the device (1) is additionally provided with a first distribution device (3) and a second distribution device (13) which is provided with one or several coolers (30) and whereby the device (1) can be controlled by means of nine or ten cut-off valves (7-12, 21, 22, 29, 38 and 40).

Abstract: Hydrogen gas at a hydrogen refueling site is cooled below liquid nitrogen temperature (e.g., about 80K) for more efficient adsorption of hydrogen on hydrogen adsorbent particles in the fuel storage of a hydrogen powered vehicle. When compressed hydrogen gas is available it may be cooled with liquid nitrogen and then sub-cooled below about 70K by a Joule-Thompson expansion. When liquid hydrogen provides hydrogen gas it may be cooled below liquid nitrogen temperatures by mixing with liquid hydrogen or by heat exchange with liquid hydrogen.

Abstract: A process and system for removing polar components from a process stream in a refinery process without cooling the process stream are disclosed. The process stream is fed to a first adsorber unit to remove contaminants containing sulfur from the process stream. The process stream is processed within the first adsorber unit to remove sulfur containing contaminants. The process stream is processed with the first adsorber unit at substantially the same elevated temperature. The process stream is processed within the first adsorber unit by exposing the process stream to at least one of a metal oxide and a mixed metal oxide to remove the sulfur containing contaminants from the process stream and produce a metal sulfide and a desulfurized process stream. The metal sulfide may be exposed to a stream of oxygen to regenerate the at least one of a metal oxide and a mixed metal oxide.

Abstract: A gas storage system that stores a gas by cryo-adsorption on high surface materials. The gas storage system includes an outer container having insulated walls and a plurality of pressure vessels disposed therein. Each of the pressure vessels includes a high surface material. A manifold assembly distributes the gas under pressure to the pressure vessels where the gas is adsorbed by cryo-adsorption using the high surface materials. A cooling fluid is provided within voids between the pressure vessels to remove heat as the pressure vessels are being filled with the gas.

Abstract: A swing bed canister assembly for a regenerative carbon dioxide removal system includes a housing that includes an integrally formed central wall that divides an adsorbing amine bed from a desorbing amine bed. The central wall defines spaces for each of the amine beds so that each portion of the desorbing amine bed is disposed in thermal communication with an adsorbing amine bed to facilitate desorption.

Abstract: A filtering device and a filtering method and a semiconductor fabricating method thereof. The filtering device is used for filtering a gas had a first temperature. The filtering device includes a casing, a cooling mechanism and at least one adsorbing element. The casing has an input opening, an output opening and a cooling space. The gas enters the cooling space through the input opening and leaves the cooling space through the output opening. The cooling mechanism coupled to the casing is used for maintaining the cooling space at a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. At least one adsorbing element is disposed inside the cooling space and has a plurality of surface-increasing elements arranged in a direction parallel. The plurality of surface-increasing elements arranged in the direction parallel to that the gas flows inside the cooling space for contacting the gas and adsorbing particles in the gas.

Abstract: Potable water is produced by extraction of water vapor from air. Water absorbed inside a desiccant bed is forced into vapor phase by using input heat energy, for example, waste heat from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. Pre-heating a portion of the desiccant material prior to desorption enhances efficiency. Energy for the pre-heating may be obtained by recovering heat from the desiccant material prior to adsorption.

Abstract: A vaporized fuel treatment apparatus having comprising a first adsorbent having a honeycomb structure capable of adsorbing and desorbing vapor contained in fuel evaporation gas, a case configured to house the first adsorbent therein, and a holding device configured to elastically hold the first adsorbent within the case. The first adsorbent has a circumferential surface and at least one end surface intersecting with the circumferential surface at a corner portion. The holding device comprises a holding member having a first portion and a second portion configured to contact with the circumferential surface and the at least one end surface, respectively. The holding member does not contact with the corner portion of the first adsorbent. The vaporized fuel treatment apparatus can include a sealed container disposed in a canister for controlling temperature alteration in the canister.

Abstract: Disclosed is a humidity control device which is provided with an adsorptive element (81, 82) having a humidity control passageway (85) capable of adsorption of moisture from a first air stream and of release of moisture to a second air stream, and which provides an air stream, the humidity of which is conditioned in the adsorptive element (81, 82), to an indoor space. In the humidity control device, the adsorptive element (81, 82) is provided with an auxiliary passageway (86) through which a heating fluid flows when the adsorptive element (81, 82) is regenerated by releasing moisture to a second air stream from the humidity control passageway (85). As a result, during regeneration of the adsorptive element (81, 82) by releasing moisture to a second air stream, the amount of release moisture is increased, thereby enhancing the device performance.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system includes providing a fuel inlet stream into a fuel cell stack, operating the fuel cell stack to generate electricity and a hydrogen containing fuel exhaust stream, separating at least a portion of hydrogen contained in the fuel exhaust stream using partial pressure swing adsorption, and providing the hydrogen separated from the fuel exhaust stream to a hydrogen storage vessel or to a hydrogen using device.

Abstract: An apparatus for selectively adsorbing gas during adsorption processes and desorbing gas during desorption processes. A tube has a porous sidewall, and at each end is an end-fitting sealingly connected thereto. A particulate porous gas storage material is located within the tube, wherein the porosity prevents the material, but allows gases, to pass therethrough. A selected gas from a porous inner tube, a heating coil, or a heat exchanger located within the tube may provide heat for the desorption processes, and the selected gas or heat exchanger may provide cooling during the adsorption processes.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage and release device (10) is provided for storing and releasing hydrogen from a metal hydride (30) contained in the device (10) based on heat transfer to or from a coolant flow provided through the device (10). The device (10) includes a housing (12) and a metal hydride containing a tube bundle located within the housing (12), with the exteriors (26) of the tubes (16) of the bundle (14) being reduced over a selected length to provide a free flow area for the coolant flow.

Abstract: The invention teaches a purification system which uses a series of operations, in a single unit, to purify air, while extending the life of the purification units. Air is passed through a coarse water trap to remove liquid. The semi-dry air, is then passed through adsorbers, which remove the remaining moisture and all the carbon dioxide in a purification process. The present invention flows the air to be purified through adsorption columns twice, before and after passing the air through an oxygen catalyst unit. The flows of air are then rotated to a third column, which is thermally regenerating with the facilitation of a regeneration air supply from the purified air.

Abstract: A modular metal hydride hydrogen storage unit utilizing compartmentalization to maintain a uniform metal hydride powder density thereby reducing strain on the vessel due to repeated cycling. The modular metal hydride hydrogen storage unit may be constructed using prefabricated pressure containment vessels.

Abstract: A water production unit is provided having two modes of operation for extracting water from exhaust and air.

Abstract: Decontamination systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system comprises a first adsorption/desorption subsystem that is configured to receive a contaminated gaseous solution and remove substantially all of the contaminants from the contaminated gaseous solution during an adsorption cycle, while a second subsystem is configured to purge captured contaminants during a desorption cycle. An evacuator is configured to drive potentially flammable gas compositions from the subsystem operating in a desorption cycle back into the system such that potentially flammable gas compositions are purged from the subsystem operating in the desorption cycle at the beginning of the desorption cycle. A heat source is configured to heat contaminants adsorbed in the adsorption/desorption subsystems to remove the contaminants from the adsorption/desorption subsystems in a gaseous state during their respective desorption cycle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for generation of nitrogen enriched air for inerting aircraft fuels tanks. One embodiment of the present invention includes a duct assembly; a primary heat exchanger; a gas generating system heat exchanger; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor; a controller monitor; a valve; an air separation module assembly having a primary module and a secondary module; at least one flow control orifice; and a pressure sensor. The present invention utilizes a minimal complement of components and streamlined processes, thus minimizing structural and operational costs while optimizing performance and safety features.

Abstract: A system and method for removal of solvents, or other materials, from an exhaust stream, uses an active adsorption bed and a bed that is periodically regenerated. Electrically heated nitrogen may be used to regenerate the beds. A portion of the exhaust stream to be cleaned is diverted to a heat exchanger, so as to pre-heat the nitrogen used for regeneration. Liquid nitrogen, preferably from the same source as that used to provide gas for regeneration, is directed to the active bed, lowering its temperature and increasing its efficiency. The invention avoids the need for the use of steam to heat the nitrogen, and provides a system that is more efficient than those known in the prior art.

Abstract: A method for desorption and recovery of desorbed compounds, including the steps of generating a recirculating stream of inert gas (1), which passes through the material (2) to be desorbed, heating such inert gas stream to a temperature sufficient to cause the desorption process, yielding a gas effluent (3) from such recirculating stream of inert gas (1) in such a manner that the recirculated gas keeps a constant pressure, cooling such gas effluent to cause condensation of the desorbed compounds contained in such gas effluent (3), the cooling being obtained at least partly by pressure vaporization of a cryogenic fluid (4), and feeding such recirculating gas stream (1) by using at least a part of such pressure vaporized cryogenic fluid that was previously used to cool at least a part of the gas effluent (3).

Abstract: A heat of compression gas drying apparatus includes an air inlet fed by a source of compressed moisture laden air, an air outlet and first and second desiccant-containing towers for processing air flowing therethrough. A portion of cooled dried air delivered to the air outlet is selectively diverted to either a pathway having a heater so that heated dried air may be delivered to a tower having its desiccant regenerated, or to a separate pathway so that cooled dried air is delivered to the regenerating tower. In each case, a purge isolation valve is controlled to deliver and hold pressurized dried air in the regenerating tower after which the dried air in the regenerating tower is purged to atmosphere by pulsing an exhaust valve arrangement connected to the regenerating tower.

Abstract: A heater is disposed in contact with a hydrogen storage unit filled with a hydrogen absorption material. The heater includes at least one combustion chamber which includes a catalyst carrier and in which a combustible gas is burned, a combustible gas burning catalyst carried on the catalyst carrier, at least one combustible gas introduction chamber adjoining the combustion chamber with its chamber wall interposed therebetween, a plurality of combustible gas inlets disposed in a dispersed manner in the chamber wall to permit the combustion chamber and the introduction chamber to communicate with each other, and a combustion gas outlet communicating with the combustion chamber. Thus, the degree of uniformity of a temperature profile is decreased.

Abstract: A hydrogen replenishing device is provided with a plurality of hydrogen storage devices which are provided with hydrogen absorbing alloys of which storage pressure are different, a reformer which supplies a hydrogen to the hydrogen storage device which is provided the hydrogen absorbing alloy of which has low storage pressure, paths for replenishing a hydrogen to the compressed hydrogen tank which serves for the hydrogen absorbing alloy which has high storage pressure to absorb the highly compressed hydrogen via the path for replenishing the hydrogen storage devices, and valves which are disposed in the paths. By doing this, it is possible to reduce an installation space for the hydrogen replenishing device which can reduce a consumed energy.

Abstract: A regenerable filter system includes a flow path along which a stream of fluid flows between an inlet and an outlet. A first filtering unit is located in the flow path. The first filter unit includes first and second regenerable filter beds, wherein each bed has a first adsorbent for removing a first contaminant from the fluid stream. A first valve is located between the inlet and the first and second filter beds for selectively directing the fluid stream through one of the first and the second filter beds. The other of the first and second filter beds is removed from the flow path. A second filtering unit is located in the flow path between the first filtering unit and the outlet. The second filtering unit includes third and fourth regenerable filter beds for removing a second contaminant from the stream of fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for generation of nitrogen enriched air for inerting aircraft fuel tanks. One embodiment of the present invention includes a duct assembly; a primary heat exchanger; a gas generating system heat exchanger; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor; a controller monitor; a valve; an air separation module assembly having a primary module and a secondary module; at least one flow control orifice; and a pressure sensor. The present invention utilizes a minimal complement of components and streamlined processes, thus minimizing structural and operational costs while optimizing performance and safety features.

Abstract: An adsorber vessel for use in the adsorption of a component from a gas and subsequent regeneration by thermally induced desorption of the component comprises an inlet for regeneration gas having an inlet nozzle containing at least one heater element, and an outlet for regeneration gas, the inlet and outlet for regeneration being separated by a flow path including a flow chamber containing a body of adsorbent, and wherein the body of adsorbent has a first end which is adjacent the inlet for regeneration gas and a second end which is remote from the inlet for regeneration gas, and the or each heater element is located so as not to penetrate through the first end of the body of adsorbent.

Abstract: An adsorbent for regenerator systems, to a heat utilization system and a regenerator system that comprise the adsorbent, and to a ferroaluminophosphate and a method for production thereof. More precisely, the invention relates to an adsorbent favorable for regenerator systems, which efficiently utilizes the heat source obtainable from cars and the like to thereby realize efficient regenerator systems, to a regenerator system that comprises the adsorbent, to a ferroaluminophosphate to be the adsorbent favorable for regenerator systems, and to a method for production thereof.

Abstract: In a method for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas from a gas turbine plant (11), which exhaust gas is subjected to a downstream heat recovery process (12, 33), preferably in the heat recovery steam generator (33) of a water/steam cycle (12), a simplification of the plant engineering is achieved by the fact that the carbon dioxide is removed from the exhaust gas (39) between the gas turbine plant (11) and the heat recovery process (12, 33), and that a rotating, regenerative absorber/desorber (22) is used to remove the carbon dioxide, the absorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into the exhaust gas stream (39) and the desorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into a carbon dioxide cycle (38).

Abstract: A hydrogen storage tank has an outer cylinder and a cylindrical hydrogen storage module within the outer cylinder spaced apart from an inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder to provide a hydrogen passage therebetween. The cylindrical hydrogen storage module includes a lamination having a plurality of hydrogen storage units filled with powdery hydrogen absorption material and a hydrogen absorption and desorption surface on an entire outer peripheral surface, while interposing a heating/cooling element between ones of adjacent units. First and second main passages penetrate the lamination in a lamination direction of the units, and permit heating fluid and cooling fluid to flow therethrough. Sub passages branch from the main passages and extend over within each of the heating/cooling elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides compact adsorption systems that are capable of rapid temperature swings and rapid cycling. Novel methods of thermal swing adsorption and thermally-enhanced pressure swing adsorption are also described. In some aspects of the invention, a gas is passed through the adsorbent thus allowing heat exchangers to be very close to all portions of the adsorbent and utilize less space. In another aspect, the adsorption media is selectively heated, thus reducing energy costs. Methods and systems for gas adsorption/desorption having improved energy efficiency with capability of short cycle times are also described. Advantages of the invention include the ability to use (typically) 30-100 times less adsorbent compared to conventional systems.

Abstract: An adsorber for cleaning raw gas has at least one filter element wherein the at least one filter element is made of electrically conducting adsorber material. A filter module has a module housing in which such an adsorber is arranged. The housing has at least one inlet opening for the raw gas entering the filter module and at least one outlet opening for the clean gas exiting the filter module. A first ventilation damper unit closes the inlet opening as needed and a second ventilation damper unit closes the outlet opening as needed for performing regeneration and adsorption phases.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus and methods for separating hydrogen. In preferred embodiments, the apparatus and methods utilize microchannel devices with small distances for heat and mass transfer to achieve rapid cycle times and surprisingly large volumes of hydrogen separated in short times using relatively compact hardware.

Abstract: A manifold assembly including a unitary manifold body including at least two component ports and an integral channel system connecting the component ports in series, and at least two fluid-treating components directly connected to the component ports in a substantially gas-tight manner. The fluid-treating components can include at least one of a coalescer, an adsorber, an absorber, a strainer, and a filter. At least one of the component ports includes an inner port section and an outer port section, the outer port section including a flow distributor arranged around and concentric to the inner port section.

Abstract: A gas recovery system for improving the efficiency of abatement and/or implementing reclamation and reuse of unused feed materials in effluent of a semiconductor manufacturing facility, especially in instances in which substantial portions of feed material are unused. The effluent is treated to reversibly capture the unused feed material, e.g., at a capture locus such as a physical adsorbent, cold finger, cryotrap, heat exchanger/condenser, membrane separation unit, filter, etc., and the captured unused feed material then is released from the capture locus and processed for such abatement and/or reclamation and reuse.

Abstract: A circular rotating body having a plurality of fan-shaped blocks is disposed inside a casing and driven to rotate. A gas absorption/releasing material in the blocks absorbs/releases a specific gas component from a gas mixture depending on temperature. The rotating body has a hollow static central portion which is divided to form two temperature adjusting fluid paths through which temperature adjusting fluids having different temperatures pass. First and second independent gas flow paths are defined by the casing. A gas mixture containing the gaseous component flows along the first gas flow path through blocks which are heated to a first temperature at which absorption takes place. The blocks are then rotated to a position wherein they are heated to a higher second temperature and release the gaseous component which is exhausted via the second gas flow path. Blocks sequentially enter positions which separate the two different zones.

Abstract: An air filter includes a honeycomb rotor which carries a porous adsorbent and can be rotated in a circumferential direction, a drive means for rotating the honeycomb rotor, a first partition member provided with a first gas introduction section and a second gas exhaust section and a second partition member provided with a first gas exhaust section and a second gas introduction section, the first and second partition members being disposed on both sides of the honeycomb rotor respectively to allow two gases to flow in counter current to each other and to pass through different conduits respectively, a heater disposed at the inlet port of the first gas introduction section, a drive controller for controlling the drive means such that the honeycomb rotor can rotate intermittently by every part of a regenerative/purge-zone facing the first gas introduction section among the surface of the filter of the honeycomb rotor.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions emanating from a gas source includes a CO2 sorbent bed containing a regenerable sorbent. Exhaust gases flow through the CO2 sorbent bed before being released into the atmosphere. The CO2 sorbent bed traps CO2 contained within the exhaust gas to control the amount of CO2 finally exhausted to the atmosphere. At least two CO2 sorbent beds are used such that while one is absorbing CO2 from the gas stream another is being regenerated. The CO2 sorbent bed is regenerated to release the trapped CO2 for disposal or use in other processes. The CO2 sorbent beds are cycled between absorbing CO2 and regenerating to optimize absorption of CO2.

Abstract: Heat transfer management/compartmentalization system for a metal hydride hydrogen storage containment unit. The hydrogen storage alloy is preferably divided into compartments having a honeycomb configuration. Heat exchanger tubing is placed through the compartments to promote heat transfer between the hydrogen storage alloy and the exterior environment.

Abstract: Heat transfer management/compartmentalization system for a metal hydride hydrogen storage containment unit. The hydrogen storage alloy is preferably divided into compartments having a honeycomb configuration. Heat exchanger tubing is placed through the compartments to promote heat transfer between the hydrogen storage alloy and the exterior environment.

Abstract: A molecular sieve apparatus and magnetic/adsorbent material composition facilitate molecular adsorption and separation using a magnetic field to hold, move, cool, and/or heat an adsorbent 1 that is bonded to magnetic materials 3 that are moveable by a magnetic field. An adsorbent 1 is bonded to a soft magnetic material 3 with a binder 2 into a powder composite material adsorbent attractable by a magnetic field (magnetoadsorbent 4). Magnetoadsorbent 4 functions to adsorb and desorb working substances, causing a molecular separation; thereby increasing the efficiency of the adsorption cycle by moving the adsorbent 1 to a location that optimally processes the adsorbent 1. Magnetic field manipulation of adsorbents 1 enables delivery of molecules to locations within systems. Magnetoadsorbents 4 of the present invention further increase the efficiency of the adsorption cycle by combining materials with functions including: catalyst, buoyancy, suspension, magnetic heating, and sinking in liquid.

Abstract: A fuel adsorption layer formed in a canister is partitioned into an upper adsorption layer and a lower adsorption layer by a partition plate in which a heater is embedded. The relation between a heating value of the heater and thickness X of the upper and lower adsorption layers is set so that the temperature of a part closest to the heater heating face of the fuel adsorption layer is lower than a fire point of the fuel, and the temperature of a part farthest from the heater heating face is higher than the boiling point of the fuel. With the configuration, by heating the fuel adsorption layer by the heater, the desorption performance of activated carbon is improved, and almost all of the fuel vapors adsorbed can be desorbed.

Abstract: In a method for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas from a gas turbine plant (11), which exhaust gas is subjected to a downstream heat recovery process (12, 33), preferably in the heat recovery steam generator (33) of a water/steam cycle (12), a simplification of the plant engineering is achieved by the fact that the carbon dioxide is removed from the exhaust gas (39) between the gas turbine plant (11) and the heat recovery process (12, 33), and that a rotating, regenerative absorber/desorber (22) is used to remove the carbon dioxide, the absorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into the exhaust gas stream (39) and the desorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into a carbon dioxide cycle (38).

Abstract: In a heat storage system for a vehicle, when a temperature of cooling water from a vehicle engine is high, adsorbents are heated by the cooling water, so that moisture is desorbed from the adsorbents in order to store heat. When the temperature of cooling water is low, the moisture is adsorbed in the adsorbents to heat the cooling water, while refrigerant in a vapor compression refrigerator is cooled by evaporating water. Thus, adsorption heat is generated from the adsorbents, and the cooling water is heated by using the adsorption heat. Accordingly, warm-up operation of the vehicle engine is facilitated, while motive power consumed by the vapor compression refrigerator can be reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is taught for preheating of glass batch materials by direct contact with glass furnace exhaust gases. Furnace gases 15 flow through a batch hopper 1 in horizontal tunnels formed by open bottom tubes 6, with a free surface of batch forming the bottom portion of the tunnel. The tubes are electrically grounded and a high voltage discharge electrode 18 is located axially in each tunnel. The corona discharge from the electrode acts to retain batch and prevent it's entrainment into the flowing gases. Particulate matter from the gases is simultaneously precipitated onto the batch surface. Acidic gas components such as SO2, HCl, and HF are chemically reacted with batch constituents, thereby removing them from the gas stream. Heat is transferred from the gases to the batch by direct contact. Cooled gases 16 exit the hopper, cleaned of pollutants to levels in compliance with strict environmental regulations.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage and release apparatus is provided with a heat exchanging portion provided with hydrogen storage alloy containers, a heat exchanger body in which the heat exchanging portion is received so that a heat gas or coolant is introduced and discharged, and a hydrogen-travelling passage connected to the containers so that hydrogen can move to the containers. The heat exchanging portion is provided so that the heat exchanging efficiency on the heat gas discharge side of the heat exchanging portion is made higher than that on the heat gas introduction side thereof.