Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for use in the delivery of an inhalation anesthetic to a patient while employing a closed loop or re-breather gas recirculation system. The method and apparatus control the system temperature to minimize heat buildup, including heat buildup resulting from an exothermic reaction between a patient's exhaled breath and a scrubbing substance that removes a selected constituent from the patient's exhaled breath. The apparatus includes an enclosure containing a scrubbing substance. The enclosure defines an influent opening for admitting the exhaled breath along a first path into the scrubbing substance and defines an effluent opening through which gases can be discharged from the enclosure. The apparatus also includes a second path adjacent the first path between inlet and outlet openings whereby a coolant fluid can flow along the second path to remove heat from the interior of the enclosure.

Abstract: A gas drying device (30) in which wet gas (31) is introduced into a chamber (36) containing desiccant (38) in which the desiccant (38) adsorbs moisture from the wet gas (31) to dry the wet gas (31) and in which energy is utilized to energize and to remove the moisture from the desiccant (38) to dry and to regenerate the desiccant (38) for reuse to dry wet gas (31) includes a microwave generator (52) and an antenna member (48) in communication with microwaves (50) generated by the microwave generator (52) in which at least a portion of the antenna (48) is disposed within the chamber (46).

Abstract: Apparatus and a process for producing high purity oxygen containing not more than 1 ppm by volume of hydrocarbons. An oxygen stream containing up to about 100 ppm by volume of hydrocarbons is subjected to cryogenic temperature swing adsorption in an adsorption bed containing calcium-exchanged type X zeolite, type 5A zeolite or 13X zeolite, for the removal of the hydrocarbons and any nitrogen present in the oxygen stream.

Abstract: In a method for purifying a carbon-containing adsorption medium used for treating flue gases within a flue gas scrubbing process the adsorption medium is introduced into an adsorption medium reactor where the adsorption medium adsorbs pollutants from the flue gas. The adsorption medium laden with pollutants is then removed from the adsorption medium reactor and conveyed into a thermal regeneration apparatus. At temperatures of 350.degree. to 650.degree. C. the pollutants are desorbed in the thermal regeneration apparatus, resulting in a desorption gas. In the desorbing step, pollutants in the form of heavy metals are vaporized and pollutants other than heavy metals are released from the adsorption medium and optionally decomposed. The desorption gas is then guided into an adsorption apparatus where the heavy metals are removed from the desorption gas by adsorption.

Abstract: A gas separation process and a unit therefor. The process comprises the steps of: introducing a gas consisting of two or more components into an adsorption system in which adsorbent particles circulate in a fluidized state, thereby to allow, at atmospheric pressure or an elevated pressure, the adsorbent particles to adsorb a gas component to be separated from the gas; transferring the adsorbent particles adsorbing the gas component to a desorption system; and then desorbing the gas component from the adsorbent particles in the desorption system which is regulated to have either a lower pressure or a lower pressure and a higher temperature than the adsorption system.

Abstract: An evaporation loss control device provided with a polymer chamber filled with polymer absorbent, a charcoal chamber filled with charcoal, introduction and purging pipes for connecting the polymer chamber with a fuel tank and an engine intake passage, respectively, an air pipe for ventilation connected to the charcoal chamber, and a vapor passage, which has various forms. For example, the vapor passage may be formed in spiral to encircle the polymer chamber, or provided between the polymer and charcoal chambers, thus allowing the evaporated fuel to pass therethrough. The vapor passage is constructed to prevent the evaporated fuel trapped by the polymer absorbent from flowing into the charcoal chamber, and also to prevent the liquid fuel from being absorbed by the charcoal.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption plant for the separation of gas mixtures includes at least one pressure vessel containing an adsorbent bed that is able preferentially to adsorb at least one component of the gas mixture. The pressure vessel has an inlet at its top for the feed gas mixture, an outlet at its bottom for non-adsorbed gas and at least one heat conductive member containing a liquid medium arranged within the bed such that, in operation, heat is able to be conducted by convection through the liquid from a region of maximum temperature at or near the bottom of the bed to a region of minimum temperature at or near the top of the bed.

Abstract: In this method and this apparatus exit gases to be purified from kiln installations are first of all dedusted in a first filter stage and then in at least one further filter stage they are purified of the NH.sub.x compounds and/or volatile pollutant elements and compounds with at least partial reduction of NO.sub.x with the aid of a carbonaceous filter medium. In order that the filter dust precipitated in the first filter stage can without problems either be re-used in a suitable manner of deposited in simple refuse dumps, the proportion of low-boiling pollutants and pollutant compounds in this precipitated filter dust is reduced by successive method steps in which the said pollutants are evaporated out of the filter dust, the quantities of dust are precipitated out of these vapors and the dedusted vapours are passed through a filter unit containing a carbonaceous filter medium.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a gas purification system for the purification of noble gasses and nitrogen. An improved method of purification generally includes the following steps: (a) heating an impure gas; (b) contacting the impure gas with an impurity sorbing material to produce a purified gas; (c) cooling the purified gas to a temperature less than about 100.degree. C.; and (d) contacting the purified gas with a hydrogen sorbing gas to remove residual hydrogen. The system includes an improved heat exchange apparatus for cooling the purified gas and a low temperature hydrogen sorption apparatus.

Abstract: A heat-developable photosensitive material which comprises a support having thereon at least one layer containing (a) an organic silver salt, (b) a catalytic amount of a photosensitive silver halide or a compound which forms a photosensitive silver halide, (c) a reducing agent, and (d) at least one sensitizer selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the formulae (I) and (II): ##STR1## wherein R represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group; and Q represents a group of atoms necessary to complete a rhodanine nucleus, a thiohydantoin nucleus or a 2-thio-2,4-oxazolidine-dione nucleus and wherein said compound represented by the formulae (I) and (II) include at least one carboxyl group as a substituent, and (e) a binder.

Abstract: A spectrally sensitized silver halide photographic emulsion comprising a silver halide emulsion containing a combination of at least one sensitizing dye represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## at least one sensitizing dye represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR2## and at least one organic heterocyclic compound represented by the following general formula (III) or (IV): ##STR3## wherein Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a group of atoms necessary for forming a thiazole nucleus or a selenazole nucleus; Z.sup.3 has the same meaning as Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 ; Z.sup.4 represents a group of atoms necessary for forming an imidazole nucleus or an oxazole nucleus; Z.sup.5 represents a group of atoms necessary for forming an imidazole nucleus; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.7, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group, with at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having improved anti-fogging properties is described.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing, in supersensitizing amounts, the combination ofat least one compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 represents the atoms necessary for forming a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring; W.sub.1 represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom; Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and R.sub.2 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or an aryl group;At least one carbocyanine dye represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein Z.sub.2 represents the atoms necessary for forming a thiazole ring, a selenazole ring, an oxazole ring, an imidazole ring or a pyrroline ring; Z.sub.3 represents the atoms necessary for forming an oxazole ring or an imidazole ring; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group; R.sub.

Abstract: A method of spectrally sensitizing a photographic light-sensitive emulsion where a water-soluble solution, prepared by dissolving a methine dye having at least one water-soluble group in water in the presence of a "Red Shift Compound", as hereinafter defined, is added to a photographic light-sensitive emulsion to provide a photographic light-sensitive emulsion spectrally sensitized with increased sensitizing efficiency and with reduced fog. The disadvantages caused by the use of high organic solvent contents are avoided and photographic light-sensitive emulsions suitable for high-speed coating are obtained.

Abstract: A method for spectrally sensitizing a silver halide photographic emulsion with a supersensitizing combination as hereinafter described, wherein the combination of a trimethinecyanine dye and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound having a mercapto group, which is capable of producing a slightly soluble silver salt by reacting with a silver ion, is incorporated in the emulsion in a supersensitizing amount.

Abstract: Novel antihalation layer(s) for use in a light-sensitive silver halide element and comprising a 5-pyrazolone-monomethine oxonol of formula I and a 5-pyrazolone-pentamethine oxonol of formula II : ##STR1## wherein: EACH OF R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group,Each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or the group COOR wherein R is alkyl or aryl, andEach dye molecule contains at least two carboxyl groups in their free acid form and further contains no solubilizing groups.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material is disclosed which contains a support and a red-sensitive layer. The red-sensitive layer contains at least one sensitizing dye selected from a particular group of sensitizing dyes and at least one sensitizing dye selected from a second group of sensitizing dyes and at least one of a particular group of compounds.

Abstract: A supersensitized silver halide photographic emulsion which contains at least one dye of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.1 represents the atoms necessary to complete a benzisoxazole ring; Q.sup.1 represents the atoms necessary to complete a 2-thiooxazolidine-2,4-dione ring, a rhodanine ring or a 2-thiohydantoin ring; and R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic group, in combination with at least one cyanine dye or merocyanine dye which contains no benzisoxazole ring.

Abstract: An improved silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having coated thereon at least one photographic emulsion layer containing a dicarbocyanine dye having two heterocyclic nuclei which are 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing nuclei and which are connected to each other at the carbon atom in the 2- or 4-position thereof through a pentamethine chain, which can be substituted in the meso-position, a nitrogen atom of one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nucleus of said carbocyanine dye being substituted by a sulfo- or carboxy-containing alkyl group, and a nitrogen atom of the other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nucleus being substituted by an aralkyl group or an aryloxyalkyl group, with the proviso that said aralkyl and aryloxyalkyl groups are not substituted by a sulfo group or a carboxyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light-sensitive photographic material with a light-sensitive heavy metal compound, e.g. a silver halide, and a spectral sensitizer. The spectral sensitizer is a compound in which the radicals of a sensitizing dyestuff are covalently bonded to amino, imino, hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid amide groups of a natural hydrophilic colloid, preferably gelatin.The invention also relates to new sensitizing dyes which are dinuclear cyanine dyes or merocyanine dyes which have attached either to a heterocyclic nucleus of the dye or to its methine chain a group which is reactive with a hydrophilic colloid.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion spectrally sensitized in the relatively shorter wavelength region ranging from blue to green with a supersensitizing combination of at least one sensitizing dye represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## WHEREIN Z.sup.1 represents the atoms necessary to form a benzimidazole ring, an oxazole ring, a benzoxazole ring or a naphthoxazole ring; Z.sup.2 represents the atoms necessary to form a thiazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a naphthothiazole ring, a selenazole ring, a benzoselenazole ring or a naphthoselenazole ring; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents an aliphatic group containing up to 8 carbon atoms, which may be unsubstituted or substituted, and the carbon chain of which may be interrupted with an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group containing up to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; X.sup.

Abstract: In a process for forming radiographic images which comprises exposing a photograhic sensitive material comprising a support and at least one silver halide photographic emulsion layer to radiation from a fluorescent intensifying screen to form a latent image and thereafter developing the same, the improvement which comprises the fluorescent intensifying screen having a maximum emission wavelength in the range of about 500 to about 570 nm and a distribution such that at least about 1/2 of the emission energy is at a wavelength of above about 400 nm, and said silver halide photographic emulsion layer contains at least one sensitizing dye represented by formula (I) and at least one sensitizing dye represented by formula (II): ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.o represents an alkyl group and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent an alkyl group but at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion supersensitized by a combination of (1) at least one cyanine sensitizing dye containing therein two 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nuclei which may be the same as or different from each other and which are attached, through a conjugated methine chain consisting of three, five or seven methine groups, to each other, and (2) a benzotriazole substituted with at least one halogen atom, both (1) and (2) being present in a supersensitizing amount. The emulsion shows reduced fog and intensified spectral sensitivity than an emulsion containing the cyanine dye alone.

Abstract: A method for dispersing organic compounds which are substantially insoluble in water and are used in photographic materials, such as chemical sensitizers (except spectral sensitizing dyes), antifoggants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbents, color couplers, coating aids, hardening agents, etc., effectively in a silver halide photosensitive emulsion comprising dissolving the organic compounds in an acid having a pKa of not over about 5, such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, etc., and adding the solution to the silver halide photosensitive emulsion directly or after dispersing in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing a spectrally sensitizing amount of a sensitizing dye represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## and a sensitizing dye represented by the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 each is an atomic group necessary to complete a benzoxazole ring or a naphthoxazole ring; R.sub.1 is an alkyl group or an allyl group; R.sub. 2 is an alkyl group or an allyl group; R.sub.3 is an unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a carboxyalkyl group; R.sub.4 is same as R.sub.1 ; R.sub.5 is an alkyl group, an allyl group or a phenyl group; R.sub.6 is an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, a hydroxyalkoxyalkyl group, an acyloxyalkoxyalkyl group, an N-(N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl)carbamoylalkyl group, an N-(N,N,N-trialkylammonium)carbamoylalkyl group or an N,N,N-trialkylammoniumalkyl group; X.sup.- is an acid anion; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing the combination of (i) at least one cyanine dye wherein two basic 5-membered and/or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nuclei are linked by methine groups having an odd number of carbon atoms not exceeding 7 and the substituents on the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic nuclei are aliphatic groups or aromatic groups with at least one of the substituents on the nitrogen atom being an alkyl group having a sulfo group or a carboxyl group, and (ii) at least one substantially colorless nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic base selected from the group consisting of a benzothiazole, a benzothiazolone, a naphthothiazole, a naphthothiazolone, and a quinolone in a quantity sufficient to supersensitize.

Abstract: Direct-positive silver halide emulsions comprising fogged silver halide grains and an electron acceptor are described wherein the emulsion is spectrally sensitized by means of 2-aryl-indolocarbocyanines. The combination of electron acceptors and these spectral sensitizers provides super-sensitizing effects that are not impaired by the presence of color couplers.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion having improved sensitivity and comprising an emulsion containing photosensitive silver halide crystals and a solid basic metal oxide selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and a compound oxide of zinc and aluminum.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic sensitive element for flash exposure having at least a photographic silver halide emulsion layer which is characterized by containing at least a sensitizing dye having a reduction potential in a range of -0.7 volts - -1.7 volts and at least a sensitizing dye having a reduction potential in a range of -0.7 volts - -1.7 volts and an oxidation potential of larger than a value which is approximately 0.5 volts smaller than the oxidation potential of said sensitizing dye or at least a substantially colorless compound having an oxidation potential of larger than a value which is approximately 0.5 volts smaller than the oxidation potential of said sensitizing dye as the combination having a supersensitization function.

Abstract: Sensitization of silver halide emulsions by merocyanines and cationic cyanines and the stability of this sensitization is improved by addition of heterocyclically substituted thioureas of the formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkenyl or arylR.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryln is 0 or 1, andZ completes a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group, preferably one which also contains a sulfur atom.

Abstract: A spectral-sensitized silver halide photographic emulsion containing in supersensitizing amounts the combination of1. at least one sensitizing dye represented by the formula ##EQU1## WHEREIN Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are the atomic groups necessary for forming a benzoxazole ring or a napthoxazole ring, in which a benzene nucleus of the ring may be substituted; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aliphatic groups and at least one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is a carboxyalkyl group or a sulfoalkyl group; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; X is an acid anion group; and m is 1 or 2 and m is 1 when the dye forms an intramolecular salt having a betaine like-structure,2. at least one sensitizing dye represented by the formula (II) ##EQU2## wherein Z.sub.3 is an atomic group necessary for forming a 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may be substituted by substituents other than R.sub.4 ; Z.sub.4 is an atomic group necessary for forming a 2-pyrazoline-5-one ring nucleus which may be substituted; R.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing a supersensitizing amount of the combination of at least one dye represented by the general formula (I) ##SPC1##wherein Z represents the non-metal atoms necessary to form a benzene nucleus; R.sub.0, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents aliphatic groups, with at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 representing an alkyl group containing a carboxy group or an alkyl group containing a sulfo group; Y represents a halogen atom; X represents an acid anion; n represents an integer of 1 to 2, with n being 1 when the dye forms an intramolecular salt; and at least one dye represented by the general formula (II) ##EQU1## wherein Z.sub.1 represents the non-metal atoms necessary to form a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic nucleus; Q represents the atoms necessary to form a rhodanine nucleus, a 2-thio-2,4-imidazolidinedione nucleus, a 2-pyrazoline-5-one nucleus, or a 2-thio-2,4-oxazolidinedione nucleus; R.sub.3 represents an aliphatic group; R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new class of pyrrolobenzimidazole, benzimidazoloisoquinoline and dipyrodinobenzodiimidazole in cyanine sensitizing dyes derived therefrom and their use in silver halide emulsions, and to methods for preparation of such new dyes.

Abstract: an internal latent image type silver halide photographic emulsion which provides a direct positive image by surface development in the presence of a fogging agent and which is useful in a light-sensitive material for the diffusion transfer process, which emulsion is spectrally sensitized with a supersensitizing combination of at least one sensitizing dye represented by the following general formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 represents a non-metallic atomic group necessary to complete a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group; ##STR2## wherein Z.sub.2 represents a non-metallic atomic group necessary to complete a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R.sub.3 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; R.sub.4 represents an alkyl group or a substituted alkyl group; R.sub.18 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkylene group necessary to complete a ring when R.sub.4 and R.sub.