Abstract: An evaporative emission control canister system comprises an initial adsorbent volume having an effective incremental adsorption capacity at 25° C. of greater than 35 grams n-butane/L between vapor concentration of 5 vol % and 50 vol % n-butane, and at least one subsequent adsorbent volume having an effective incremental adsorption capacity at 25° C. of less than 35 grams n-butane/L between vapor concentration of 5 vol % and 50 vol % n-butane, an effective butane working capacity (BWC) of less than 3 g/dL, and a g-total BWC of between 2 grams and 6 grams. The evaporative emission control canister system has a two-day diurnal breathing loss (DBL) emissions of no more than 20 mg at no more than 210 liters of purge applied after the 40 g/hr butane loading step.

Abstract: A vaporized fuel processing apparatus has a casing defining an adsorption chamber therein and having a tank port, a purge port, and an atmospheric port. The tank port is connected to a fuel tank. The purge port is connected to an internal combustion engine. The atmospheric port is open to the atmosphere. A heater is disposed between the adsorption chamber and the atmospheric port and has a fin heat exchanger and a heating element. The heating element is configured to generate heat by electricity supply. The fin heat exchanger is joined to the heating element. The surface area of the fin heat exchanger between the heating element and the adsorption chamber is larger than the surface area of the fin heat exchanger between the heating element and the atmospheric port.

Abstract: A hydrolysis system for a vehicle engine includes an electrolysis unit having a plurality of spaced, generally parallel, conductive plates and an electrolyte between the plates that produce fuel gas including hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis; a reservoir that receives the fuel gas from the electrolysis unit and stores the fuel gas and electrolyte; an electric pump that pumps the electrolyte from the reservoir to the electrolysis unit; a pulse width modulator that provides DC power to the conductive plates and to the pump; a dryer having a filter that removes water from the fuel gas; an expansion tank having an interior cavity that expands the fuel gas and a conduit within the cavity that heats the fuel gas with circulating hot water; and a spray tube that outputs the fuel gas. Methods include preparing and using the hydrolysis system.

Abstract: The air-conditioning system comprises a dryer (10) comprising a membrane contactor (11) provided with a first channel (11b) for air flow and a second channel (11a) for desiccant flow, which channels are separated through a membrane (11c). The air conditioning system further comprises a humidifier (20) comprising a membrane contactor. The air flow passes in operation the dryer (10) and the humidifier (30) between an inlet (121) and an outlet (122). The dryer (10) comprises a series connection of a heat exchanger (12) and the membrane contactor (11), which heat exchanger couples air flow from the inlet (121) with desiccant flow from a regenerator (40) and in which membrane contactor (11) the thus heat-exchanged air flow and the heat-exchanged desiccant flow are coupled for drying of the airflow.

Abstract: A regenerating-type compressed air drier for regenerating compressed air by an electrical heating mechanism and a dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit are provided. The drier includes a dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit and an air distribution unit. Compressed high-humidity air and regenerating air are guided to the air distribution unit by a compressed high-humidity air piping and a regenerating air piping. The compressed high-humidity air and the regenerating air are guided to dehumidifying-and-regenerating components of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit by a shunt rotor of the air distribution unit to complete the dehumidification of the compressed air and the regeneration of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating components. The drier has a simple structure, and can reduce an undue loss of heat energy by an electrical heating mechanism to the regeneration of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating components.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing the net carbon dioxide footprint of an industrial process that generates power from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in which ambient air is admixed with up to 50% by volume of an effluent gas from the power generator of the industrial process, in order to substantially increase the CO2 concentration in the air prior to treatment. The treatment comprises adsorbing CO2 from the admixed ambient air utilizing a cooled, porous substrate-supported amine adsorbent, wherein the porous substrate initially contacts the mixed ambient air containing condensed water in its pores, which act as an intrinsic coolant with respect to the exothermic heat generated by the adsorption process.

Abstract: An article comprising a plurality of intersecting walls having outer surfaces that define a plurality of cells extending from one end to a second end, wherein the walls forming each cell in a first subset of cells are covered by a barrier layer to form a plurality of heat exchange flow channels, and wherein the walls forming each cell in a second subset of cells different from the first subset of cells, comprise a CO2 sorbent and form reaction flow channels. Heat exchange flow channels allow quick and uniform heating and cooling of the sorbent body. The article may be useful, for example, for removing CO2 from a gas stream.

Abstract: A method for separating CO2 from gas mixtures uses a slurried media impregnated with buffer compounds and coating the solid media with a catalyst or enzyme that promotes the transformation of CO2 to carbonic acid. Buffer sorbent pebbles with a catalyst or enzyme coating are provided for rapid separation of CO2 from gas mixtures.

Abstract: A method for removing volatile organic substances from the contained air of closed habitats includes a) conducting contained air through an adsorber bed formed by a hydrophobic zeolite bed, b) closing the adsorber bed, c) extracting the air from the adsorber bed and feeding the air into the closed habitat, d) desorbing the volatile organic substances, in particular freons such as R134a and VOCs, from the adsorber bed by heating the adsorber, e) leading the desorbed substances to an environment outside the closed habitat, wherein water vapor, water, or CO2 is fed to the adsorber bed through a flushing line. The device includes a housing for accommodating an adsorber, a contained-air supply line, a contained-air return line, a flushing line, and least one outlet-air line for returning air from the adsorber bed into the closed habitat and for conducting the desorbate to an environment outside the closed habitat.

Abstract: A separable sorption apparatus has a sorption device and a heating device. The sorption device is filled with multiple sorbent granules. The heating device is detachably mounted on the sorption device and has a heater. The sorption device is put in a room that needs dehumidifying or deodorizing. When the sorbent granules have become saturated, the heater of the heating device is mounted into the sorption device to dehumidify or deodorize the sorption device to allow the sorption device to be reused. Since the heating device is detachable, the heating device does not occupy internal space of the sorption device. Thus, the sorption device has ample internal space for receiving the sorbent granules. Consequently, the sorption device has improved sorption effect.

Abstract: A system and method for regenerative air purification technology use in residential or commercial HVAC systems that includes a set of gas sensors and processor, a set of filters including the pre-particles filter; HEAP particles filters and the adsorption gas filters with TiO2 (or TiO2 mixed activated carbon material) coated on the outer surface, a set of auto valves, a set of UV Lamps on the boundaries of device compartment, a set of heater located in the central of a cylinder type of adsorption filter. The air is ventilated through the pre-particle filter, “HEPA” filter or a high efficiency filter with nano-material fibers (HENF) and combined activated carbon adsorption filter via a well designed manifold tube, in which the particles will be captured on the pre-particle filter and “HEPA” or “HENF” filter materials and VOCs are trapped by the adsorption filter.

Abstract: The tank is of the type including a container (4) for housing hydrogen, and metallic hydride placed inside the container. According to one aspect of the invention, it includes at least one solid body (6) formed of a compacted material including metallic hydride and a matrix. Application in particular for tanks for internal combustion engines or for fuel cells, in particular for motor vehicles, as well as for any stationary or mobile application using hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for indirectly monitoring and controlling an electrically resistive adsorption system. Adsorption of a predetermined adsorbate is conducted while indirectly monitoring electrical resistance of a unified adsorbent element. Breakthrough is predicted based upon the indirectly monitored electrical resistance and a previously measured mass loading relationship between the resistance of the unified adsorbent element and the loading of the unified resistance element with the predetermined adsorbate. Adsorption, regeneration and cooling cycles are controlled by a controller without any direct measurement of temperature or resistance of the element and characterizations of mass loading and temperature. Systems of the invention can have no sensors that contact the element, are in an adsorption vessel, and/or are downstream adsorption vessel.

Abstract: A temperature swing adsorption system includes a first adsorption bed configured to receive a feed stream and adsorb a contaminant from the feed stream to produce a product stream, a second adsorption bed configured to receive a portion of the product stream and a cooling stream to reduce a temperature of the second adsorption bed, a third adsorption bed configured to receive the heated product stream to increase a temperature of the third adsorption bed; a separation system to separate the cooled product stream into a first component stream and a second component stream, and a fourth adsorption bed configured to receive the first component stream and to enrich an adsorptive concentration of the first component stream. The enriched first component stream is directed to the second adsorption bed to provide the cooling stream.

Abstract: A fuel vapor processing apparatus may include a latent heat storage material that releases latent heat during desorption of fuel vapor from an adsorption material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for adsorbing water from gas using water adsorption material and a method of adsorbing water from gas.

Abstract: A concentrator photovoltaic apparatus for controlling internal condensation includes a light receiving module including one or more photovoltaic cells in a waterproof enclosure, at least one primary lens sealed to the waterproof enclosure for concentrating sunlight, a waterproof breather membrane regulating the pressure of the air located inside the enclosure, and a regenerative desiccant in a thermally decoupled dryer tube or thermally coupled to an internal surface of the enclosure. Smaller breather membrane vents and/or positive time delays between the temperature of the desiccant and the temperature of the enclosure may prolong an adsorption phase of the desiccant, which may substantially contribute to efficiency, reliability, and autonomous control of condensation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon dioxide capture system which includes a first carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section including a first carbon dioxide adsorption section, a first carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the first carbon dioxide adsorption section, and a first carbon dioxide adsorbent circulating through the first carbon dioxide adsorption section and the first carbon dioxide desorption section; and a second carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section including a second carbon dioxide adsorption section, a second carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the second carbon dioxide adsorption section, and a second carbon dioxide adsorbent circulating through the second carbon dioxide adsorption section and the second carbon dioxide desorption section.

Abstract: A climate control system and a method of control. The climate control system may have first and second adsorbers and a door that controls airflow through the first and second adsorbers. The first adsorber adsorbs moisture from the airflow and the second adsorber desorbs moisture when the door is in a first position.

Abstract: A recharging dehydrating breather for providing dehydrated air to electrical components includes a desiccant chamber configured to hold desiccant and a heating element configured to heat the desiccant held in the desiccant chamber to at least partially eliminate water. The device further includes a housing configured to hold the desiccant chamber and the heating element, an outlet configured to provide an outlet to guide the water away from the housing, and the outlet configured to be heated by the heating element. A process of configuring a recharging dehydrating breather for providing dehydrated air to electrical components is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and device for capturing SO2 present in gases originating from cells for the industrial production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis, implemented over a group of at least two reactors passed through in parallel by a gas stream and supplied with a powdered sorption agent capable of adsorbing effluents present in the gas stream by placing the sorption agent in contact with the gas stream, each reactor having collection elements for collecting the sorption agent after contact with the gas stream, at least one of the reactors having discharge elements for discharging the sorption agent after contact with the gas stream to injection elements for injecting into at least another one of the reactors; and desorbing elements located between the discharge elements and the injection elements, for desorbing the SO2 adsorbed by the sorption agent before it reaches the discharge elements.

Abstract: A protected solid adsorbent is disclosed that includes a solid adsorbent substrate and a surface layer at least partially coating the solid adsorbent substrate, the surface layer being generally permeable to an active agent. Additionally, a process for protecting a solid adsorbent and an adsorption system that includes a vessel containing the protected solid adsorbent is provided.

Abstract: Various apparatus and methods for exchanging heat from a solid to a liquid. Some embodiments pertain to removing heat from a pressure vessel in which a gas absorption reaction is occurring. Yet other embodiments pertain to pressure vessels in which hydrogen is being absorbed into a metal hydride.

Abstract: Provided is a dehumidification system including an air directing device and an adsorbent hollow fiber module. The air directing device is used for conveying air. The adsorbent hollow fiber module can adsorb the moisture in the air as the air passes through the adsorbent hollow fiber module. The adsorbent hollow fiber module includes at least one adsorbent hollow fiber. The adsorbent hollow fiber has a tubular body having a first end and a second end and a channel disposed in the tubular body and extending from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry CO2 capturing device with improved energy efficiency, which utilizes a difference in temperature between a regeneration operation of isolating CO2 from an sorbent containing CO2 absorbed therein and a pre-treatment operation of allowing H2O to be adsorbed to CO2. The dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing device, includes a recovery reactor for recovering CO2, a recovery cyclone for discharging a gas while separating the CO2-captured solid sorbent only, a regenerator for receiving the CO2-captured solid sorbent and separating CO2 captured in the solid sorbent, and a pre-treatment reactor for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO2, wherein a first heat exchanger is provided between the recovery cyclone and the regenerator to pass the CO2-captured solid sorbent therethrough, and a second heat exchanger is provided between the pre-treatment reactor and the regenerator to pass the solid sorbent free from CO2 therethrough.

Abstract: An aircraft fuel tank ventilation system includes a dehumidifying device disposed in flow communication between a vent open to the atmosphere and a fuel tank. A method of dehumidifying air introduced into an aircraft fuel tank via a ventilation system includes directing atmospheric air through a dehumidifying device disposed in flow communication between a vent of the ventilation system and the fuel tank, which removes water vapor from the air flowing from the vent towards the fuel tank. A method of regenerating a desiccant medium used to dehumidify air introduced into an aircraft fuel tank via a ventilation system includes directing air through the desiccant medium so as to dry the desiccant medium.

Abstract: An adsorption unit is provided, including an electrical heating substrate defined with a fluid channel therein, and an adsorptive material layer formed on the electrical heating substrate to contact the fluid channel for adsorbing moisture or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a gas flow through the fluid channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing water vapor from the flue gas stream of an industrial process, including flue gas from a power station. The apparatus including a moisture transfer device, a cooling device, and an optional enthalpy exchange device. The method including running high volumes the flue gas through the moisture transfer device, the cooling device, and the enthalpy exchange device to remove substantially all of the water vapor from the flue gas stream. Also, a method and apparatus for capturing CO2 from flue gas with very low water vapor content. The apparatus including one or more towers packed with a solid sorbent, or including a liquid sorbent. The CO2 from the water vapor free CO2 stream is sorbed by the sorbent and captured for later use.

Abstract: This invention provides a simple and energy-efficient process for obtaining water from air through better use of the solid desiccants using a high heating cycle in a confined space, applying minimal air flow and avoiding the use of a chilled condenser plate. The process of obtaining water in this invention consists of the production of water using, in one embodiment, a rotating drum covered with a desiccating material, a device that generates heat in a confined space, and a collection chamber. The process begins with charging the adsorbent material, which captures water vapor from the environment. Then, a discharging stage occurs through which an area of the desiccated material is exposed to controlled heating in a confined space, allowing the trapped water vapor to be released from the desiccant. A very light air flow may also be applied to increase the draw of the water vapor toward the area of condensation.

Abstract: A shaped heat storage material has a shaped body composed of a binder and heat storage capsules containing a heat storage material therein. And, the shaped body has at least one of a projection, a depressed portion and a hollow structure defining a hollow space therein.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided and includes a frame defining a volumetric body with substantially flat upper and lower sides, heat exchange elements disposed within an interior of the body, sorbent material disposed among the heat exchange elements within the interior of the body, retainer screens disposed at upper and lower sides of the heat exchange elements and sorbent material and structural foam layers supportively disposed between the retainer screens and the substantially flat upper and lower sides to absorb loading applied to the retainer screens.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided and includes a frame defining a volumetric body with substantially flat upper and lower sides that each has inwardly extending ribs defining airflow pathways, heat exchange elements disposed within an interior of the body and partition walls disposed to run perpendicularly with respect to the ribs and to transmit loading between the upper and the lower sides from the ribs and through the interior of the body.

Abstract: A chemical heat pump includes a reactor part (1) that contains an active substance and an evaporator/condenser part (3) that contains that portion of volatile liquid that exists in a condensed state and can be absorbed by the active substance. A channel (4) interconnects the reactor part and the evaporator/condenser part, In at least the reactor part a matrix (13) is provided for the active substance so that the active substance both in its solid state and its liquid state or its solution phase is held or carried by or bonded to the matrix. The matrix is advantageously an inert material such as aluminum oxide and has pores, which are permeable for the volatile liquid and in which the active substance is located. In particular, a material can be used that has a surface or surfaces, at which the active substance can be bonded in the liquid state thereof. For example, the matrix can be a material comprising separate particles such as a powder or a compressed fiber material.

Abstract: New and useful system and method concepts are provided, for removing carbon dioxide from a flow of carbon dioxide laden air. More specifically, a sorbent structure is used in new and useful structures and techniques to bind carbon dioxide in a carbon dioxide laden air stream, and process heat is used to separate carbon dioxide from the sorbent structure and regenerate the sorbent structure.

Abstract: An activated carbon filter including a filter housing; at least one chamber having a flow cross-section; activated carbon arranged in said chamber; and at least one carbon heating device. The heating device heats the carbon over the entire flow cross-section in a substantially uniform manner.

Abstract: A system for isolating a greenhouse gas from an exhaust gas includes a vessel having an inlet to receive an exhaust gas, and an outlet to discharge a process stream, an adsorbent contained in the vessel to selectively adsorb the greenhouse gas from the exhaust gas under suitable conditions, and a heat source to heat the adsorbent and desorb the adsorbed greenhouse gas therefrom to produce a process stream of greenhouse gas for release through the outlet.

Abstract: A system for collecting carbon dioxide from a process gas including an adsorbent material for adsorbing carbon dioxide molecules from the process gas, a dielectric heater proximate the adsorbent material, and a vessel having an internal volume enclosing the adsorbent material and, optionally, the dielectric heater.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a dehumidifier comprising a regenerable sorption matrix disposed within a drum or wheel in which microwave radiation directed by a waveguide antenna is used to regenerate the sorption matrix within a desorption segment using a programmable controller to coordinate the advancement of the rotation of the sorbent through desorption segment. A method of dehumidifying a process fluid is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods to condition air are disclosed. An example system includes a desiccant heat transfer device to supply conditioned air to a facility, an air intake to receive air to be conditioned via the desiccant heat transfer device, and a make-up exhaust to provide exhaust air from a heat dissipating device in the facility to provide heated air to reactivate the desiccant heat transfer device.

Abstract: A system for capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas exhausted from a burner. The system may generally include a solid sorbent configured to absorb carbon dioxide at a first temperature and release carbon dioxide at a second temperature. In addition, the system may include a flue gas passage defining a flow path for the flue gas exhausted from the burner. The flow path may include an absorption zone in which the flue gas is at the first temperature and a regeneration zone in which the flue gas is at the second temperature. The solid sorbent may be cycled between the absorption zone and the regeneration zone such that carbon dioxide from the flue gas is absorbed by the solid sorbent within the absorption zone and released by the solid sorbent within the regeneration zone.

Abstract: A system for capturing carbon dioxide from a shifted syngas is disclosed. The system may generally include a solid sorbent configured to absorb carbon dioxide at a first temperature and release carbon dioxide at a second temperature. In addition, the system may include an absorption chamber configured to receive the shifted syngas at the first temperature and a regeneration chamber separate from the absorption chamber. The regeneration chamber may be maintained at the second temperature. The solid sorbent may be cycled between the absorption chamber and the regeneration chamber such that carbon dioxide from the shifted syngas is absorbed within the absorption chamber to produce a decarbonized fuel gas and released within the regeneration chamber to produce a carbon dioxide stream.

Abstract: Various apparatus and methods for exchanging heat from a solid to a liquid. Some embodiments pertain to removing heat from a pressure vessel in which a gas absorption reaction is occurring. Yet other embodiments pertain to pressure vessels in which hydrogen is being absorbed into a metal hydride.

Abstract: The invention provides gas purification systems for the recovery and liquefaction of low boiling point organic and inorganic gases, such as methane, propane, CO2, NH3, and chlorofluorocarbons. Many such gases are in the effluent gas of industrial processes and the invention can increase the sustainability and economics of such industrial processes. In a preferred system of the invention, low boiling point gases are adsorbed with a heated activated carbon fiber material maintained at an adsorption temperature during an adsorption cycle. During a low boiling point desorption cycle the activated carbon fiber is heated to a desorption temperature to create a desorption gas stream with concentrated low boiling point gases. The desorption gas stream is actively compressed and/or cooled to condense and liquefy the low boiling point gases, which can then be collected, stored, re-used, sold, etc.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the disclosure correspond to, for example, a system for scrubbing a mixture of gases and/or contaminants from indoor air from an enclosed space to remove at least one gas and/or contaminant from the mixture of gases and/or contaminants. The system may include one or more adsorbent materials configured to be cycled between adsorption and regeneration of at least one of gas and/or contaminant from the mixture of gases and/or contaminants via a temperature swing adsorption cycle (for example), regeneration means configured to regenerate one or more adsorbent materials. The regeneration means may be configured at a regeneration temperature to regenerate the one or more adsorbent materials.

Abstract: An adsorption unit comprising an adsorbent hollow fibre in which the fibre includes an active component and means for transmitting heat.

Abstract: A gas dehydrator system, including, a desiccant transport wheel configured to rotate a solid desiccant from a first dehydration section to a first regeneration section, a first gas path extending through the first dehydration section, wherein the solid desiccant is configured to collect moisture from a first gas in the first gas path, and a second gas path extending through the first regeneration section, wherein the solid desiccant is configured to release the moisture into a second gas in the second gas path to regenerate the solid desiccant.

Abstract: A hydrogen containing tank having an inside wall that is uniquely bonded to a hydride core which is a porous hydrogen containing core material. The high hydrogen content capability and high thermal conductivity properties accommodate rapid release and intake of hydrogen gas. Low temperatures and high hydrogen charging discharging rates help to alleviate the use of hydrogen as an energy source in numerous applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regenerating the media of a rotary sorption concentrator system includes passing a 600° F. to 1000° F. regeneration fluid stream through a rotating media in a first isolated zone to regenerate the media and remove contaminants from the media that are not removed during a typical desorption cycle of a rotary sorption concentrator system.

Abstract: A system and method recover water from an ambient airstream. Dehumidification of the airstream is also achieved by removal of the water. A device of the system includes a chamber having a group of trays that hold respective amounts of liquid desiccant in each tray. A foam media absorbs the desiccant to increase an exposed surface of the desiccant to the airstream. Fans and valves are used to control airflow through the device. A charge cycle circulates air through the device to remove water vapor from the airstream. A subsequent extraction cycle removes water collected in the liquid desiccant by a condenser communicating with the chamber. An integral heat exchanger adds heat to the chamber during the extraction cycle. A controller is used to integrate and manage all system functions and input variables to achieve a high efficiency of operational energy use for water collection.

Abstract: A fuel vapor processing apparatus may include a container including an atmospheric introduction portion, through which the atmospheric air can be introduce into the container. An adsorption material may be contained in the container and configured to adsorb feel vapor and to allow the adsorbed fuel vapor to be desorbed as the atmospheric air introduced into the container flows through the adsorption material. A heater may directly or indirectly heat a part of the adsorption material located at an upstream end with respect to the flow of the atmospheric air.