Membrane Having Ring Containing Organic Compound Patents (Class 96/14)
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Patent number: 4088481Abstract: An electrophotographic printing machine and method of use therefor in which a first image having a density less than that of the original document being reproduced is formed on a sheet of support material. A half-tone image having substantially the density of the original document is reproduced, in superimposed registration with the first image, on the sheet of support material. This produces a high quality copy having substantially the density of the original document.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1976Date of Patent: May 9, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Karl B. Ayash
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Patent number: 4085245Abstract: Disclosed is a transparency for use in electrostatographic reproduction, particularly in the multi-color mode of such reproduction. The transparency comprises:A) a base of transparent polyester sheet;B) a second layer adherent to the surface of said polyester sheet of a mixture of an acrylic polymer and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride said second layer having uniformly dispersed therein:I. particulate silica having a particle size range of from about 2 to 70 millimicrons in its longest dimension and being present in an amount of from about 0.25 to 1.5 weight percent of said second layer, andIi. a salt formed from an anion of a carboxylic acid having 1 to 37 carbon atoms or a dimeric fatty acid having 12 to 36 carbon atoms and a cation characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1976Date of Patent: April 18, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Michael G. De Vito, Francis J. Wieloch
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Patent number: 4081212Abstract: In transferring powder images from a moving photoconductive support to a receiving material such as copy paper passing in contact with the support over a transfer roller, while both applying a direct current potential to effect image transfer and brushing the surface of the transfer roller to remove powder particles attracted to it from parts of the support. A potential effective for transferring the image is applied without hampering the cleaning action of the brush or brushes by maintaining between the support and the transfer roller a pulsating direct current which, for instance, has a frequency of 60 Herz or 50 Herz and preferably is generated by single phase rectification of a current formed by superimposing a sinusoidal alternating current and a direct current.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1975Date of Patent: March 28, 1978Assignee: Oce-van der Grinten, N.V.Inventor: Antonius F. A. M. Wetzer
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Patent number: 4078928Abstract: There is disclosed a photoelectrophoretic imaging method wherein, after an image is formed on the surface of an electrode, the image is subjected to an electrical field, under darkened conditions, established between the electrode carrying the image and another electrode to enhance the image.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1975Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Carol K. Keller
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Patent number: 4077802Abstract: This invention is addressed to a single color electrophotographic copy process in which a receptor having a photoconductive coating comprising a photoconductor, at least one sensitizer which sensitizes the photoconductor to at least a portion of the spectrum of visible light, a binder and a dispersed dye on the face thereof is charged and exposed to an original whereby the portion of the photoconductive coating corresponding to the non-imaged areas of the original are discharged leaving a latent electrostatic image on the receptor and then the exposed receptor is developed with a toner in the form of a material which, when in an activated state acts as a solvent or adhesive for the dispersed dye in the photoconductive coating for transfer of the dye color in the photoconductive coating in response to surface contact of the developed receptor with a copy sheet.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1973Date of Patent: March 7, 1978Assignee: A. B. Dick CompanyInventors: Leo N. Chapin, Young Rhee
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Patent number: 4076564Abstract: Cleaning imaging material from a xerographic imaging surface with a cleaning blade with reduced friction between the blade and the surface is provided without image degredation by an appropriately roughened surface, which roughness is formed on the photoconductive surface by substrate pre-etching to provide a final or post coated roughness pattern of 3 to 5 microns and less than 20 microns.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1976Date of Patent: February 28, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Donald J. Fisher
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Patent number: 4075011Abstract: In an electrostatic powder coating method for coating a plate with electrostatic coating powder after or before the plate is provided with marking lines by electrophotographic print marking process, areas which are preferred to be free from the coating are not applied with the coating powder. After the coating powder is uniformly scattered on the plate, the powder is selectively removed to form a pattern shaped coating on the plate to form a non-coat area around the marking lines. In order to selectively remove the powder from the surface of the plate, a powder removing device which is controlled by a non-coating signal is used. The non-coating signal is given by a non-coating information output device. The non-coating information is recorded on an original which carries marking information for the electrophotographic print marking process.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1974Date of Patent: February 21, 1978Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masakazu Iwasa, Kazuo Horikawa, Seiji Matsumoto
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Patent number: 4073649Abstract: An improved process is given whereby an imaging surface is treated with compositions which include dicarboxylic acid bis-amides.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1976Date of Patent: February 14, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Charles G. Scouten, Willard C. Hamilton
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Patent number: 4072521Abstract: An improved process is given whereby an imaging surface is treated with compositions which include substantially unbranched, primary and secondary amides of .omega. -- and cis alkenoic acids.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1976Date of Patent: February 7, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Charles G. Scouten, Willard C. Hamilton
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Patent number: 4071362Abstract: An electrophotographic coating film having an improved receptivity for electrophotographic toners and a reduced tendency to blocking comprises a thermally resistant base film and a coating layer containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more matting agents and formed of resins which contain a styrene-acrylate or -methacrylate ester copolymer containing at least 10% by weight of copolymerized styrene.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 1973Date of Patent: January 31, 1978Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Haruo Takenaka, Toshiaki Okiyama, Toshio Kawamata
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Patent number: 4071361Abstract: A process for forming an electrostatic image on a plate having a conductive base, a photoconductive layer exhibiting p-type or n-type semiconductivity and a covering insulative layer, said photosensitive plate being characterized in having carrier charge of a polarity corresponding to the conductivity type of said photoconductive layer injectable from said conductive base into said photoconductive layer and bound in the region of the interface between said insulative and photoconductive layers, wherein the covering insulative layer is initially charged with a polarity opposite to the conductivity type of said photoconductive layer to inject and bind charge carrier in the region of the interface between said insulative photoconductive layers, then the photoconductive layer is exposed to a pattern of image light, while a corona discharge of a polarity opposite to the first charge is applied onto the insulative layer, and then the photoconductive layer is exposed to activating light to discharge bound carrier chType: GrantFiled: July 8, 1966Date of Patent: January 31, 1978Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Giichi Marushima
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Patent number: 4069047Abstract: There is disclosed a photoelectrophoretic imaging system wherein a layer of an imaging suspension is arranged between a conductive transparent electrode and a second electrode, preferably a blocking electrode, subjected to an electrical field and exposed to an imagewise pattern of activating electromagnetic radiation to form an image on the transparent electrode which is subsequently transferred to a receiver member and fixed thereto. The conductive transparent electrode comprises a layer of a conductive material overlying a layer of polymeric material which overlies a substrate and is also utilized during the transfer and fixing of the image.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1975Date of Patent: January 17, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Luke C. Lin, Morton Schrager
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Patent number: 4066352Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine of the image transfer type includes a roller for pressing the copy image receiving substrate into virtual contact with the electrostatic image carrying drum. The roller includes a metal shaft and an outer layer formed of an electroconductive elastic sponge material having a resistivity of 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.6 ohm/cm which varies inversely with the compression of the material. The sponge material is produced by soaking an open pore soft polymeric sponge matrix temporarily expandable when exposed to alcohol in a liquid composition containing 10 parts of a water dispersable resin binder, 2 to 7 parts of a fine electroconductive powder and 10 to 200 parts of alcohol, expressing the excess liquid and then drying the liquid composition.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1976Date of Patent: January 3, 1978Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiromi Kameda, Sanji Inagaki
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Patent number: 4065309Abstract: The information legibility of multi-color graphic material is enhanced by a method illustrated as follows: Frames of panchromatic silver-halide black and white negative film are separately exposed through red, green, and blue transmitting filters respectively to an image of the original multicolor material. The negative images on the frames of film are developed and fixed, and then printed on respective red, green, and blue-dye developing positive transparency materials. The red-dye, green-dye and blue-dye positive transparencies are then superimposed and retained in register.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1976Date of Patent: December 27, 1977Inventor: Sol Domeshek
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Patent number: 4058879Abstract: Butadiene copolymers having controlled electrical life and controlled resistivity are described. A method is disclosed for enhancing the electrical life of butadiene copolymers having solubilized conductivity control agents incorporated therein by varying specified quantities of terminally unsaturated hydrocarbon nitriles in copolymers of the butadiene and the specified nitriles by using mixtures of such copolymers having conductivity control agents therein. The method and polymers are useful for enhancing the electrical life and polymer stability in xerographic devices where control of conductivity and/or relaxation behavior is important, e.g., in bias transfer rolls.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1976Date of Patent: November 22, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: James A. Lentz, George J. Safford
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Patent number: 4055418Abstract: An imaging method is disclosed comprising providing an imaging member comprising a first layer of softenable material containing migration material overlying a second layer of softenable material which is substantially free of migration material wherein at least one of the layers of softenable material contains a surface skin located at the interface between the layer of softenable material. This member is latently imaged and developed by softening whereby the migration material migrates through the first layer of softenable material and the interface, where the surface skin is located, and in depth in the second layer of softenable material thereby forming an imaged member. Background of the migration material is then removed from the imaged member by splitting the member at the interface thereby obtaining an image with excellent imaging properties.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1975Date of Patent: October 25, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: David A. Buckley, Frank G. Belli
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Patent number: 4047945Abstract: A xeroprinting master capable of preparation of multiple copies of an original without reimaging and without permanent modification of the master itself. This xeroprinting master consists essentially of a conductive base member, a non-persistent photoconductive insulating layer, a persistent photoconductive insulating layer and a dielectric layer; these layers being arranged relative to one another in the order of their listing. A latent electrostatic image can be created upon the surface of the dielectric layer by initially exposing the persistent photoconductive insulating layer to an image pattern, sensitizing the surface of the dielectric layer in the dark by charging to a constant surface potential, followed by blanket exposure of the non-persistent photoconductive insulating layer; the wavelength of light used in blanket exposure of the non-persistent photoconductive insulating layer being substantially non-activating of the persistent photoconductive insulating layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1975Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Gustav R. Pfister, David J. Williams
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Patent number: 4047946Abstract: An ion modulator such as a three-layered structure, formed by sandwiching a photoconductor between a metal screen and an insulating layer, which is used as an image source. The apparatus includes an optical system for projecting an image of a graphic original onto the modulator and creating a charge distribution system thereon that can be retained for long periods of time. As part of the apparatus there is included a special drum formed by adhering a resilient-rubber like layer having a compliance that produces a displacement from the normal surface in the range of 1/16 to 3/32 inch when placed under 25 - 75 pounds of force per lineal inch, and a thickness of about 0.60 inches. Over the compliant layer is next applied an insulating or dielectric layer having a resistivity of at least 10.sup.14 ohm-centimeters and a thickness of about 0.5 mils. The special drum, which is the image generating medium, receives the charge pattern resulting from collecting the ion particles on the dielectric layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1976Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Addressograph Multigraph CorporationInventor: George Thomas Croft
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Patent number: 4045219Abstract: A method of reproducing a color highlighted original document in which at least two successive latent images are recorded on an overcoated photoconductive surface. One of the latent images corresponds to the black regions of the original document, while the other latent image corresponds to one of the color regions of the original document.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 1976Date of Patent: August 30, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Lloyd F. Bean
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Multicolor imaging method and imaged member employing combinations of transparent toner and colorant
Patent number: 4040828Abstract: An imaging system is disclosed wherein unpigmented transparent xerographic toner images are used to make color and full color pictorial transparencies and selected hard copy according to specific toner-tacking methods.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1975Date of Patent: August 9, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Paul F. Evans -
Patent number: 4038076Abstract: Positive and negative copies are formed from both positive and negative originals by developing with both positively and negatively charged toner and selectively transferring toner of one polarity to produce a positive or negative print. The developer may be comprised of two toners and a single carrier; two carriers and a single toner or a single toner and a single carrier.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1975Date of Patent: July 26, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Anthony F. Lipani
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Patent number: 4028105Abstract: A photosensitive material for making a color separation record is imaged through a color separation filter. An electroluminescent panel having an image reversal property is then placed on the material. The panel is imaged through a color correction filter and radiates a negative color removal image onto the material.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1975Date of Patent: June 7, 1977Inventors: Yoshio Ono, Takashi Sakamoto
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Patent number: 4026700Abstract: A three-layered modulator, made up by sandwiching a photoconducting layer between a metal screen and an insulating layer, is applied separate and distinct fringing fields across the insulating layer corresponding to the image and non-image portions. The process calls for illuminating and applying a blanket electrostatic D.C. charge; simultaneously illuminating the modulator with a pattern of light and shadow and applying an oppositely poled D.C. charge; bringing the surface to an equi-potential level by applying an A.C. charge through a balanced A.C. corona or constant voltage A.C. scorotron; and in the final step, flood illuminating.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1975Date of Patent: May 31, 1977Assignee: Addressograph Multigraph CorporationInventor: Houshang Rasekhi
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Patent number: 4023968Abstract: In an electrophoretic reproduction process wherein a colored reproduction of an original is obtained by sequentially electrophoretically generating at least two visible monochromatic images, and superimposing said images in registry upon a copy web to form a colored reproduction, an improvement is provided comprising essentially eliminating back migration of marking materials from the copy web to the imaging suspension in the second and subsequent image generating steps by employing, in each instance, marking materials comprising a solvent tackifiable polymer and a colorant and/or a copy web containing a solvent tackifiable polymer, and applying to the copy web at least a partial solvent for said tackifiable polymer in an amount sufficient to render said polymer at least partially tacky before the second and before each subsequent image generating step.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1972Date of Patent: May 17, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Alan B. Amidon, Joseph Mammino
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Patent number: 4021358Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images which contains a particular addition condensate and a colorant wherein said addition condensate is present in an amount of from 1 to 100 parts by weight and said colorant in an amount of from 1 to 10 parts by weight of said toner.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1975Date of Patent: May 3, 1977Assignee: Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Tomono, Goiti Yamakawa, Akira Inoue, Masahiro Otsuka
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Patent number: 4014606Abstract: An electrostatic reproduction machine has a photoconductive member and a transfer roller in contact therewith, the roller having a texturized surface formed so as to prevent or minimize the possibility of a sheet of paper wrapping itself around the roller as the sheet is passing between the photoconductive member and the roller during the transfer operation.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1975Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Donald A. Seanor, James A. Lentz, Thomas Meagher
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Patent number: 4014697Abstract: A process for image reproduction comprises the steps of contacting a charge blocking surface on a photoreceptive body with a developer material containing charged toner particles, providing an electric field of predetermined polarity between the photoreceptor and a transfer medium for attracting the toner particles toward the photoreceptor surface, subjecting the photoreceptor to activating radiation in image configuration for inducing an electrostatic charge pattern in image configuration on the photoreceptor near an interface between the blocking layer and the developer material and providing an electric field of opposite polarity between the photoreceptor and the transfer medium for transferring the toner particles in image configuration to the transfer medium. Automated copying apparatus and photographic apparatus in accordance with features of the invention are provided.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1975Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Fred W. Schmidlin
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Patent number: 4014605Abstract: In an electrostatographic copying system wherein a toner image is transferred from an original image support surface to a copy surface by an electrically biased transfer member generating a transfer field, the transfer field is tailored by providing a photoconductive layer in the transfer area, which layer is illuminated, to render it conductive, in the nip and post-nip areas, but not in the pre-nip area. Belt transfer systems are disclosed utilizing this arrangement. Also disclosed is a copy sheet tacking station having a charging device and a source of illuminaton which are simultaneously activated to tack a copy sheet to the belt.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1974Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Gerald M. Fletcher
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Patent number: 4014696Abstract: A transparency is disclosed, which is suitable for use in a multicolored xerographic reproduction process comprising a transparent, thermoplastic film sheet having at least one surface coated with a long chain aliphatic ester. The ester coated transparency, when used in a multicolored electrostatic copying process improves adhesion of the multicolored image thereon and permits reproduction of colors and color densities in said image which correspond to the multicolored original.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1975Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Richard A. Parent
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Patent number: 4010031Abstract: A photosensitive plate includes a transparent electrode layer, a transparent carrier blocking layer of polyvinyl carbazole and a P type photoconductive layer superposed on one another and opposed to a dielectric recording medium with a gap therebetween. While a recording voltage is applied across the electrode layer and recording medium with positive polarity being imparted to the electrode layer, an imaging light irradiates the photoconductive layer to transfer a corresponding electrostatic latent image formed on that layer to the recording medium across the gap. For an N type photoconductive layer, a negative polarity is imparted to the electrode layer.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1975Date of Patent: March 1, 1977Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masaru Onishi, Koichi Tomura
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Patent number: 4009032Abstract: Improved waterless lithographic plates are provided. The master which comprises a copolymer of siloxane blocks crosslinked to an elastomeric ink releasing condition and organic thermoplastic blocks which are ink accepting is imaged with a particulate material, preferably an ink accepting thermoplastic polymer, and the thermoplastic blocks heated and cooled to bond the particulate imaging material thereto.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1974Date of Patent: February 22, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Richard L. Schank
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Patent number: 4007044Abstract: An overcoated photoconductive material is uniformly illuminated in the presence of an electric field to create persistent internal polarization. Minute, translucent toner particles are then applied onto the surface of the photoconductive member, and a colored light image is projected onto the surface of the photoconductive member through the toner particles. Equal numbers of the toner particles are colored in three primary colors respectively to form a tri-color mosaic pattern on the surface of the photoconductive member. Each particle absorbs light of its complementary color during the imaging step so that the internal polarization is dissipated in a pattern corresponding to a colored positive of the light image as quantized by the colored mosaic of toner particles. The particles which absorbed light, constituting a colored negative of the light image, are then selectively frictionally removed from the surface of the photoconductive member since the charge holding them to the surface is weak.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1974Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Ricoh Co., Ltd.Inventor: Tsuyoshi Shiga
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Patent number: 4007126Abstract: A conversion solution for zinc oxide coated electrophotographic master printing plates is provided containing triethylenetetramine or ethylenediamine which replaces the normally used ferrocyanide in conventional EP master conversions solutions.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Scott Paper CompanyInventor: David A. Wheatland
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Patent number: 4007041Abstract: An improved offset printing method is provided in which the blanket roller is coated with an ink releasable material to provide substantially complete transfer of an inked image from the master to the receiver sheet so as to obviate the requirement of cleaning the blanket after each print is made from a new image. The image is preferably formed by electrophotograhic means.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1975Date of Patent: February 8, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Che Chung Chow
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Patent number: 3999987Abstract: A multi-color electrostatic printing machine having processing components adapted to produce an image for each color of an original being copied, individual color developing units for effecting development of the corresponding images and a program arrangement for coordinating in timed sequence the operation of the processing components and the transfer of each developed image in superimposed relationship upon sheets of paper.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1971Date of Patent: December 28, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Howard C. Davis, Harold E. Trumbull, Charles A. Cummings
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Patent number: 3999481Abstract: A master is formed on a photoconductive surface by first forming an electrostatic charge pattern on the imaging member and developing the charge pattern to form an image of electroscopic marking particles. The developed image is uniformly coated with a thin layer of an adhesive coating and the coated image is then contacted with an adhesive surface transfer element. Upon separation the thin layer of adhesive overcoating fractures. The thin overcoating over the electroscopic particles and these particles transfer to the transfer element so as to leave on the photoconductive member the remaining thin overcoating layer in an image configuration which constitutes the master.The master can be used to make copies by electrostatic, lithographic or gravure printing.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1974Date of Patent: December 28, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Joseph G. Sankus, Jr.
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Patent number: 3998636Abstract: A recording material suited for the photographic production of a conductivity pattern, wherein said material contains a recording layer applied to the surface of a support the surface resistance of which is at least 100 times as small as that of the recording layer and wherein said recording layer contains in intimate admixture:I. at least one ultraviolet radiation-sensitive organic polyhalogen compound from which photolytically halogen-containing free radicals can be separated,Ii. a photoconductive polymer containing N-vinylcarbazole units andIii. as sensitizing agent increasing the conductivity of the recording layer during its photo-exposure an acylamino compound corresponding to the following general formula:R.sub.1 -- CO -- NH -- R.sub.2wherein:R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, andR.sub.2 represents an aromatic group.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1975Date of Patent: December 21, 1976Assignee: AGFA-GEVAERT N.V.Inventors: Jozef Willy Van den Houte, Yvan Karel Gilliams, Pierre Richard De Roo
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Patent number: 3994725Abstract: In an electrostatic copying apparatus, background toner particle removal is enhanced by employing a corona emission device between a development station and a background toner removal station. The corona emissions are such as to substantially reduce the background residual potential on a photoconductor and ensure that all background particles on the photoconductor are of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the charge on the latent image whereby toner particles may be more easily removed from the photoconductor surface.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1974Date of Patent: November 30, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Stewart William Volkers
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Patent number: 3994579Abstract: An apparatus in which charged particles are transferred from a support surface to a sheet of support material secured to a transfer member. The apparatus includes an electrically biased plate member positioned between the support surface and transfer member.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1975Date of Patent: November 30, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Venkat K. Iyer
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Patent number: 3993484Abstract: An electrostatic image of graphical information is formed on a surface, for example that of an endless tape, a drum or suitable paper, and then magnetic toner particles are applied to the surface and adhere thereto in correspondence with the electrostatic image. Portions of the same surface, in the case of the tape, or of another surface, when the drum or paper are employed, are magnetized, as determined by the location of the toner prticles, to form a magnetic image corresponding to the electrostatic image. Then the toner medium are transferred by friction to a copy mdium such as ordinary paper, while the magnetic image is retained or stored on the surface. Toner particles then again can be applied to the magnetic image for production of additional copies.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1973Date of Patent: November 23, 1976Assignee: Canadian American Bank S.A.Inventors: Joseph M. Rait, Alexander Scott Gilmour, Jr., Edward C. Sellers, Robert L. Talley
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Patent number: 3993825Abstract: Apparatus and method for transferring non-fused xerographic toner images from a first support material, such as a photoconductive insulating surface, to a second support material, such as paper, and fusing the toner images to the second support material. Such apparatus includes an intermediate transfer member having a smooth surface of low surface free energy and a hardness of from 3 to 70 durometers. The intermediate transfer member can be, for example, a 0.1-10 mil layer of silicone rubber coated onto a polyimide support. The member can be formed into belt or drum configuration.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1975Date of Patent: November 23, 1976Assignee: Itek CorporationInventors: William R. Buchan, Robert A. Moore
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Patent number: 3992557Abstract: In transferring a toner image carried on a toner image carrier onto a transfer medium, a uniform charge is imparted to the surface of the toner image carrier while a charge of the same polarity as the uniform charge is imparted to the surface of the transfer medium, whereafter a toner image is transferred from the surface of the toner image carrier to the surface of the transfer medium.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1974Date of Patent: November 16, 1976Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shunichi Kubo, Takao Aoki, Eiichi Kondo, Shunzo Inoue
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Patent number: 3989865Abstract: A transparency is disclosed, which is suitable for use in a multicolored xerographic reproduction process comprising a transparent, thermoplastic film sheet having at least one surface treated with organic amine compounds or salts thereof. The treated transparency, when used in a multicolored electrostatic copying process improves adhesion of the multicolored image thereon and permits reproduction of colors and color densities in said image which correspond well enough to the multicolored original copied.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1974Date of Patent: November 2, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Richard A. Parent
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Patent number: 3987728Abstract: A relief printing process utilizes a low relief printing form which is inked with a pressure transferable, non-liquid marking material prior to each printing impact. The printing form comprises a support layer on which there is deposited, in an imagewise pattern, a monolayer of uniformly sized granular developing particles within the range of about 25 to about 150 microns in diameter. The printing form can be prepared by a variety of colloid-transfer or electrostatic techniques.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1974Date of Patent: October 26, 1976Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Howard A. Miller, Kenneth L. Smith, Peter M. Stacy
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Patent number: 3986872Abstract: A uniformly electrostatically charged recording element is toned uniformly with magnetic toner particles and exposed simultaneously with both an image exposure and a separate flood light while the recording element is disposed in a magnetic field. The flood light is directed toward the uniformly toned (photoconductive) surface of the recording element while the image exposure is directed preferably onto the opposite (light-transmitting substrate) surface of the recording element.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1971Date of Patent: October 19, 1976Assignee: RCA CorporationInventor: Edward Charles Giaimo, Jr.
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Patent number: 3977779Abstract: An electrostatographic system in which liquid developer material in an image pattern on a photoconductive plate is transferred to a support material by pressing the latter against the plate by air pressure from a perforated chamber adjacent to, but spaced from the plate. The perforations may be angled in the direction of movement of the plate, and the chamber may have an inclined wall.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1974Date of Patent: August 31, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Edric R. Brooke
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Patent number: 3972718Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive device for use in electrostatographic copying. The device comprises:A. an endless, arcuate substrate; andB. a thin, conductive filament having a layer on its surface of a photoconductive insulating material wrapped in helical configuration around said substrate. The filament is connected to ground or to a suitable bias source. In one embodiment of the invention, the filament layer is overcoated with a thin layer of an insulating organic resin to provide a device with a dielectric storage layer on its exposed surface. In another embodiment, the overcoating is not applied thereby providing an electrostatographic gravure member suitable for use with certain liquid developed imaging techniques.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1975Date of Patent: August 3, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: John W. Weigl
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Patent number: 3970453Abstract: An imaging method comprising providing a member comprising a first layer of softenable material overlying a second layer of softenable material and both of these layers of softenable material having migration material selectively located in depth in image configuration. Additionally, the first layer of softenable material has migration material dispersed throughout the non-image portions and the second layer of softenable material is essentially free of migration material in the non-image portions. The process steps comprise applying a receiver sheet to the free surface of the first layer of softenable material and separating the receiver sheet from the imaging member thereby stripping out either portions of the first layer of softenable material or portions of the first and second layer of the softenable material simultaneously. The portions of the softenable material being stripped out contains substantially the same density of migration material.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 1974Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Frank G. Belli, Peter P. Augostini
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Patent number: 3969115Abstract: A method of making a photographic print having improved sharpness, clarity, texture and highlight definition, suitable for use in dye-transfer printing, engraving, lithography, offset, and the like, involves the production of a primary color separated negative of the image to be printed on a panchromatic film, producing a separated color positive from the separated color negative, producing a reversal positive from the separated color positive on direct reversal film so as to produce a panchromatic primary color separated reversal positive, producing a composite separation negative from the separated color positive and the reversal positive, and producing the desired photographic positive from the composite negative.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1974Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: RCS Color LabsInventor: Salvatore P. Savia
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Patent number: 3969114Abstract: A copy quality sensor for a reproduction machine of the type having a photoconductive member on which latent images of the original being copied are electrostatically formed and thereafter developed. The developed latent images are then transferred to copy sheets which may be then fused to provide a permanent image.The aforesaid transfer of images from the photoconductive member to the copy sheets is effected by a transfer apparatus which includes a transfer roller. A portion of the photoconductive member and transfer roller are reserved for receipt of a test image, which is developed normally on the photoconductive member in addition to the image of the original. The developed test image is transferred directly to the surface of the transfer roller rather than to the copy sheet. A light source is arranged to impinge a beam against the transfer roller opposite the point on which the test image appears, and a photoelectric type pick-up is positioned to receive the beam reflected off of the transfer roller.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1974Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Danny J. Prats