Abstract: A method and assembly for producing substantially tar free product gas from gasification of carbonaceous material. The assembly preferably includes a first stage gasifier to produce char-ash and tar laden product gas and a second stage gasifier which has a char-ash heating zone, at least one cyclone, and at least one standpipe for the purpose of allowing selective delivery of char-ash to the char-ash heating zone. A char-ash heating zone that utilizes oxidation of char-ash is preferred and this results in the heat required to convert tar, additional yield of product gas, and an oxidized, activated carbon surface to facilitate tar conversion in the riser, thereby reducing the temperature required to achieve the desired tar conversion. Alternatively, external heat is supplied to the heating zone.

Abstract: A process for producing hydrogen comprising the steps of: (i) gasifying a fuel into a raw synthesis gas comprising CO, hydrogen, steam, sulfur and halide contaminants in the form of H2S, COS, and HX, wherein X is a halide; (ii) passing the raw synthesis gas through a water gas shift reactor (WGSR) into which CaO and steam are injected, the CaO reacting with the shifted gas to remove CO2, sulfur and halides in a solid-phase calcium-containing product comprising CaCO3, CaS and CaX2; (iii) separating the solid-phase calcium-containing product from an enriched gaseous hydrogen product; and (iv) regenerating the CaO by calcining the solid-phase calcium-containing product at a condition selected from the group consisting of: in the presence of steam, in the presence of CO2, in the presence of synthesis gas, in the presence of H2 and O2, under partial vacuum, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A system for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas and other industrial gas sources utilizes microcapsules with very thin polymer shells. The contents of the microcapsules can be liquids or mixtures of liquids and solids. The microcapsules are exposed to the flue gas and other industrial gas and take up carbon dioxide from the flue gas and other industrial gas and eventual precipitate solids in the capsule.

Abstract: A boosted no-lance injection system (BNLS) and methods of operating a combustion system to reduce acid gas or metal emissions in the flue gas is shown and described. In one embodiment, a BNLS includes an injection device, a high volumetric flow air mover, a transport air mover, a sorbent hopper and a mounting apparatus. In other embodiments, a method of operating a combustion system includes positioning the BNLS to inject into the ductwork, applying transport air and sorbent into the ductwork, and applying the high volumetric flow air into the ductwork. The result is methods and systems for reducing acid or metal emissions in the flue gas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry carbon dioxide capturing device which can improve sorption efficiency by supplying sorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide or exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide to a recovery reactor in multistages at various heights. The dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing device with multistage supply structure comprises a recovery reactor 102 to recover CO2 by contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas; a recovery cyclone 110 connected to the recovery reactor 102 to discharge a gas while separating the CO2-captured solid sorbent only; a regenerator 114 connected to the recovery cyclone 110 to receive the CO2-captured solid sorbent and separate CO2 captured in the solid sorbent; and a pre-treatment reactor 122 connected to the regenerator 114 for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO2, wherein at least one of the exhaust gas supply line and the sorbent supply line has two or more arranged according to the height of the recovery reactor 102.

Abstract: The system and method for preventing air leakage from the process side to the bearing side of a mill. The system includes a labyrinth seal ring comprising a series of knives defining first and second labyrinth paths from an air inlet to the process side and the bearing side of the system, respectively. The differences in the two paths such as provided by the number of knives used in each path creates a differential pressure drop which biases air from the air inlet to the process side. The labyrinth seal thus provides a reliable and superior method for reducing the potential for particulate in the process side of the mill from damaging the bearing system.

Abstract: A system for water extraction from air is provided. The system includes a housing having a plurality of openings allowing an air flow to enter into an inner space defined by the housing. The system also includes a sponge disposed within the inner space defined by the housing. The sponge includes a water absorbing/adsorbing material for absorbing/adsorbing water vapor from the air flow. The system further includes a presser disposed above the sponge and configured to compress the sponge to discharge water from the sponge.

Abstract: The system and method for preventing air leakage from the process side to the bearing side of a mill. The system includes a labyrinth seal ring comprising a series of knives defining first and second labyrinth paths from an air inlet to the process side and the bearing side of the system, respectively. The differences in the two paths such as provided by the number of knives used in each path creates a differential pressure drop which biases air from the air inlet to the process side. The labyrinth seal thus provides a reliable and superior method for reducing the potential for particulate in the process side of the mill from damaging the bearing system.

Abstract: A method of producing an activated carbon, comprising selecting a raw material for direct-activation, applying a solution of at least 50% phosphoric acid by weight at a ratio of from 0.01 pounds to 0.3 pounds of phosphoric acid solution per pound to the raw material selected for direct activation to produce a phosphoric acid treated raw material, and direct-activating the phosphoric acid treated raw material via a gas activation process to produce an activated carbon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry CO2 capturing device using multi sorbents so as to maintain the sorption rate for exhaust gas containing CO2. The dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing device comprises at least two dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing parts comprising: a first and second recovery reactors 104 and 105 to recover CO2 by contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas; a first and second recovery cyclones 106 and 122 connected to the recovery reactors; a first and second regenerators 110 and 126 connected to the recovery cyclones; and a first and second pre-treatment reactors 116 and 132 connected to the regenerators through sorbent supply lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry CO2 capturing device with improved energy efficiency, which utilizes a difference in temperature between a regeneration operation of isolating CO2 from an sorbent containing CO2 absorbed therein and a pre-treatment operation of allowing H2O to be adsorbed to CO2. The dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing device, includes a recovery reactor for recovering CO2, a recovery cyclone for discharging a gas while separating the CO2-captured solid sorbent only, a regenerator for receiving the CO2-captured solid sorbent and separating CO2 captured in the solid sorbent, and a pre-treatment reactor for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO2, wherein a first heat exchanger is provided between the recovery cyclone and the regenerator to pass the CO2-captured solid sorbent therethrough, and a second heat exchanger is provided between the pre-treatment reactor and the regenerator to pass the solid sorbent free from CO2 therethrough.

Abstract: An apparatus for contacting a bed of particulate material with a cross flowing fluid, which maintains the bed of particulate material within a retention volume. The apparatus includes partitions for retaining particles, with apertures disposed within the partitions. The apertures are covered by louvers that extend above the edges of the apertures to prevent solid particles from spilling through inlet apertures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing water vapor from the flue gas stream of an industrial process, including flue gas from a power station. The apparatus including a moisture transfer device, a cooling device, and an optional enthalpy exchange device. The method including running high volumes the flue gas through the moisture transfer device, the cooling device, and the enthalpy exchange device to remove substantially all of the water vapor from the flue gas stream. Also, a method and apparatus for capturing CO2 from flue gas with very low water vapor content. The apparatus including one or more towers packed with a solid sorbent, or including a liquid sorbent. The CO2 from the water vapor free CO2 stream is sorbed by the sorbent and captured for later use.

Abstract: In the method according to the invention for separating mercury from waste gases of a cement production process, the mercury is sorbed on a sorbent, the sorbent is subsequently discharged from the process and supplied to a discharge reactor which is operated with a carrier gas. The sorbent is heated there to temperatures of more than 250° C. so that the mercury is discharged from the sorbent and changed into the gas phase, the gas of the discharge reactor that has accumulated mercury subsequently having the dust removed from it in a preliminary dust removal device, and only a part-flow of the gas which has been enriched and had the dust removed from it in this manner being drawn off at high temperatures and cleaned in a subsequent sorption stage, whilst the remaining part-flow is brought to the temperature required for the discharge of the mercury in the discharge reactor in a heat transfer system and is again supplied as a carrier gas to the discharge reactor.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a particle bed cooled by an in-bed heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed on the bed particles while the light gases from the process stream, which are not condensed, form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: A fluidized reactor system for removing impurities from a gas and an associated process are provided. The system includes a fluidized absorber for contacting a feed gas with a sorbent stream to reduce the impurity content of the feed gas; a fluidized solids regenerator for contacting an impurity loaded sorbent stream with a regeneration gas to reduce the impurity content of the sorbent stream; a first non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive an impurity loaded sorbent stream from the absorber and transport the impurity loaded sorbent stream to the regenerator at a controllable flow rate in response to an aeration gas; and a second non-mechanical gas seal forming solids transfer device adapted to receive a sorbent stream of reduced impurity content from the regenerator and transfer the sorbent stream of reduced impurity content to the absorber without changing the flow rate of the sorbent stream.

Abstract: Adsorbent dust can be recovered while spraying is prevented. An apparatus is provided with a desulfurization-denitration tower body and an adsorbent discharging device. An entrance louver and an exit louver are provided for forming a packed moving bed of an adsorbent that moves downward inside the tower body, the apparatus has a throttle portion provided with a side panel that is inclined so that a spacing gradually decreases toward a discharging device, the throttle portion being provided between the tower body and the discharging device, and first partitions are provided inside the throttle portion. A second partition extending along the incline direction of the side panel is provided at a predetermined distance from the bottom end of the exit louver above the side panel, and a gap is provided between the bottom end part of the exit louver and the side panel of the throttle portion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas dry treatment device comprises an adsorption tower having: a box-shaped tower body; a plurality of reaction chambers have moving beds therein; a plurality of vertical partition plates which sequentially close between the end parts of the plurality of reaction chambers and between the end parts of the reaction chambers and the inner wall of the tower; an exhaust gas supply port allowing the inside of an inlet side wind box space which is formed in the tower body between the front tower wall and the reaction chamber end part to communicate with the inside of an exhaust gas supply duct; and an exhaust gas discharge port allowing the inside of an outlet side wind box space which is formed in the tower body between the rear tower wall and the reaction chamber end part to communicate with the inside of an exhaust gas discharge duct.

Abstract: Agglomerate comprising a first phase change material (PCM) and a constituent having a density greater than 800 kg/m3 and forming the core of said agglomerate.

Abstract: A purification method comprises directing a system having a gas phase component and a contaminant through a filter including an aerogel material, e.g., hydrophobic silica-based aerogel particles. A filter for purifying a gas phase system comprises an aerogel material in an amount sufficient to remove at least a portion of a contaminant present in the gas phase system. In preferred examples, the filter is a fluidized bed. In further examples, the filter is a packed bed.

Abstract: A gas dehydrator system, including, a desiccant transport wheel configured to rotate a solid desiccant from a first dehydration section to a first regeneration section, a first gas path extending through the first dehydration section, wherein the solid desiccant is configured to collect moisture from a first gas in the first gas path, and a second gas path extending through the first regeneration section, wherein the solid desiccant is configured to release the moisture into a second gas in the second gas path to regenerate the solid desiccant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regenerating the media of a rotary sorption concentrator system includes passing a 600° F. to 1000° F. regeneration fluid stream through a rotating media in a first isolated zone to regenerate the media and remove contaminants from the media that are not removed during a typical desorption cycle of a rotary sorption concentrator system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is presented for removing acid gases and other trace contaminants to very low levels in combustible gases generated from thermal gasification of biomass or refuse-derived fuels. The invention includes optimization of geometric variables, temperature and pressure set points via use of a pressurized bubbling fluidized bed reactor to convert granular raw (non-activated) sorbents and auto-generated biochar sorbents) into activated, highly dispersed, and ideally sized particles for removing acid gases and toxic metals. The system can incorporate a generated gas cooler, a gas-sorbent contact chamber or zone, and a novel filter (with or without additional gas cooling and residence time stages).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a fluidized bed contaminant treatment system comprising plural stacked distributor elements that can be rigidly fixed to a housing surrounding the fluidized bed.

Abstract: An annular adsorber element may be used in conjunction with a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine for adsorbing particles such as hydrocarbons. The annular adsorber element may include a support structure and an adsorber material. The support structure may be injection molded onto the adsorber material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of semicrystalline polycondensate pellets. Said method comprises the following steps: producing a polycondensate material; shaping polycondensate pellets and solidifying the polycondensate melt in a liquid cooling medium, wherein the shaping of the pellets can be carried out prior to or after solidification; separating the pellets from the liquid cooling medium once the polycondensate pellets have cooled down to an average temperature that lies within the crystallization temperature range of the polycondensate; and crystallizing the pellets in a treatment chamber, the treatment gas being led in said treatment chamber in a countercurrent to the polycondensate pellets, the flow rate of the treatment gas being above the incipient fluidization point of the polycondensate pellets and the polycondensate pellets having a narrow dwell time spectrum in the treatment chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry carbon dioxide capture apparatus with improved carbon dioxide capture efficiency through preventing gas backflows into vertical transport lines. The dry CO2 capture apparatus includes a capture reactor having a capture buffer chamber on the bottom side, a capture diffusion plate on top of the capture buffer chamber, and adsorbent particles in a space above the capture diffusion plate; a first separator connected to the capture reactor through a vertical transport line; a regenerator having a regeneration buffer chamber on the bottom side, a regenerating diffusion plate on top of the regeneration buffer chamber, and adsorbent particles in a space above the regenerating diffusion plate; a second separator connected to the regenerator through a gas separation line; and a second particle transfer line connected to the regenerator at one end and connected to the capture reactor at the other end.

Abstract: The Microwave System and method of reactivation is designed to provide an indirect, safe and energy efficient source of heat and temperature rise required in the reactivation section of the desiccant unit for the release into atmosphere of the water vapors which are accumulated in the desiccant rotor. This microwave reactivation system and method is based on heat transfer produced from a heated fluid which is pumped through a closed loop coil assembly. This closed loop coil assembly is located and runs through both the isolated heating chamber of the microwave section and the reactivation / regeneration section in the dehumidification system. The airstream passing through the reactivation intake section comes in contact with the coil assembly and is heated to the desired temperature prior to reaching the desiccant rotor.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas treating apparatus, which includes an adsorption tower for removing various harmful substances in an exhaust gas using an adsorbent, a regeneration tower for releasing adsorbed substances from the adsorbent, a first transfer passage for transferring the adsorbent from the adsorption tower to the regeneration tower, a second transfer passage for transferring the adsorbent from the regeneration tower to the adsorption tower, a lock hopper connected to one end of the regeneration tower on a higher differential pressure side of a first differential pressure between an inside of the regeneration tower and an inside of the first transfer passage and a second differential pressure between the inside of the regeneration tower and an inside of the second transfer passage to thereby secure gas-tightness, a sealing unit connected to the other end of the regeneration tower on a lower differential pressure side to thereby secure gas-tightness, and an adjusting unit for maintaining the differential pressure

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pre-concentration device and method for an ion mobility detection apparatus. According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a pre-concentration device comprising: a collecting passage configured to collect a gas mixture including substances to be detected: a sieve provided, in a deploy state, within the collecting passage and configured to separate the substances from the gas mixture, the separated substances being absorbed to the sieve; at least one desorption unit configured to desorb the substances that have been absorbed to the sieve, the sieve being received in a wound state in the desorption unit; and a driving device configured to drive movement of the sieve between an absorption position in which the substances are absorbed to the sieve in the collecting passage, and a desorption position in which the substances are desorbed from the sieve in the at least one desorption unit.

Abstract: Exhaust gas after coal or oil burning has moisture, which hinders carbon dioxide adsorption. It is necessary to completely remove this moisture with the minimum use of energy. The exhaust gas from the burning apparatus is first lowered of its temperature by passing through an total heat exchanger rotor, and the resultant gas which has low temperature and humidity is sent to a carbon dioxide adsorption rotor, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the gas, which is then sent through the total heat exchanger rotor with the resultant desorption of moisture adsorbed there and is exhausted to outside atmosphere, while the carbon dioxide adsorption rotor is desorbed of its carbon dioxide using water vapor, with the resultant very humid carbon dioxide to be sent to a processing system such as for underground burial.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a carbon dioxide capture power generation system provided with a boiler to combust a fuel in the oxygen atmosphere, a carbon dioxide capture equipment to remove carbon dioxide in the wake flow of the boiler, a piping branching from the wake flow of the boiler to recycle the combustion exhaust gas to the boiler, and a desulfurization equipment to remove sulfur oxides and a sulfuric acid removal equipment to remove a sulfuric acid gas in the upstream of carbon dioxide capture equipment and in the wake flow of the boiler.

Abstract: A regeneration tower including a regeneration tower main body having a long trunk, and desorbed gas discharge passages through which a desorbed gas is discharged. The regeneration tower main body is configured so that a heating unit that heats an adsorbent, a separation part that separates desorbable substances as a desorbed gas from the heated adsorbent, and a cooling unit that cools the adsorbent from which the desorbable substances have been desorbed by heating are communicatively disposed in one direction and the heating unit and the cooling unit have approximately the same sectional outer diameter.

Abstract: There is provided an air purifier having a dehumidification function, including: a body case having an inner space; a blower part installed in the inner space of the body case and drawing outside air from both sides of the body case through a single blower fan; an air purifying part purifying air drawn from one side of the body case; and a dehumidifying part removing moisture from air drawn from the other side of the body case by a dehumidifying rotor. Through the blower part drawing the air from both sides of the body case, the air purifier purifies the air drawn from one side of the body case and dehumidifies the air drawn from the other side of the body case. Accordingly, a drop in an airflow amount caused by concurrently performing the dehumidification and the purification may be alleviated, so improved dehumidification and purification effects are achieved.

Abstract: A moving granular bed includes a filter granule channel, an inlet unit of gas, an outlet unit of gas, a first detecting unit and a feedback control unit. The inlet unit of gas is disposed at one side of the filter granule channel, and the dirty gas is fed into the filter granule channel through the inlet unit of gas. The inlet unit of gas has a first flow-guiding plate. The outlet unit of gas is disposed at the other side of the filter granule channel. The first detecting unit detects the gas velocity at the inlet unit of gas site. The feedback control unit is electrically connected with the first detecting unit, and controls the angle of the first flow-guiding plate and flow rate of filter granules according to a detecting result of the first detecting unit. A gas guiding system used in the moving granular bed is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a dense-phase additive transportation system for additive injection into a contaminated gas stream.

Abstract: A boosted no-lance injection system (BNLS) and methods of operating a combustion system to reduce acid gas or metal emissions in the flue gas is shown and described. In one embodiment, a BNLS includes an injection device, a high volumetric flow air mover, a transport air mover, a sorbent hopper and a mounting apparatus. In other embodiments, a method of operating a combustion system includes positioning the BNLS to inject into the ductwork, applying transport air and sorbent into the ductwork, and applying the high volumetric flow air into the ductwork. The result is methods and systems for reducing acid or metal emissions in the flue gas.

Abstract: A system for removing gaseous pollutants, such as mercury from flue gases of a solid-fueled furnace (17), includes a sorbent mill (34) that receives superheated steam and a sorbent (28), such as activated carbon, in a partially agglomerated state, that processes the sorbent (28) by de-agglomerating and comminuting the sorbent (28). An educator (35) transports the processed sorbent (28) to a distributor (36) that injects it into the flue gases at a contact location having a temperature between 500° F. and 900° F., whereupon the sorbent (28) adsorbs mercury from the flue gas. A particle collection device (24) removes the processed sorbent (28) having adsorbed mercury, from the flue gas.

Abstract: There is provided method and apparatus for creating a longitudinally disposed, sharp puff of gas, useful for puffback renewal of gas-entry faces of a panel-bed gas filter or a panel-bed gas-powder contactor. Perforations are disposed along the wall of a tank in a path generally parallel to the tank's axis. Stoppers are provided for stoppering the perforations. With the perforations so stoppered, a gas is introduced at high pressure into the tank. Thereafter, quickly unstoppering the perforations releases the gas from the tank in form of a longitudinally disposed, sharp puff of gas moving in a direction perpendicular to the tank's axis. If the tank is placed vertically alongside or within a space receiving gas from a panel bed, the sharp puff can effectively puffback the panel bed.

Abstract: The present invention harvests and utilizes fluidized bed drying technology and waste heat streams augmented by other available heat sources to dry feedstock or fuel. This method is useful in many industries, including coal-fired power plants. Coal is dried using the present invention before it goes to coal pulverizers and on to the furnace/boiler arrangement to improve boiler efficiency and reduce emissions. This is all completed in a low-temperature, open-air system. Also included is an apparatus for segregating particulate by density and/or size including a fluidizing bed having a particulate receiving inlet for receiving particulate to be fluidized. This is useful for segregating contaminants like sulfur and mercury from the product stream.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the introduction of an additive to a contaminated gas stream. An additive introduction system uses a compressor and carbon dioxide separator to provide a treated carrier gas for introduction of an alkaline additive to a contaminated gas stream.

Abstract: A multi-step process for removing CO2 from a process gas stream having CO2 and other gaseous components commences by adjusting the temperature of a CO2 laden process gas stream to be between about 80° and about 500° C. A first part of the temperature adjusted process gas stream is taken and contacted with a adsorbent in thermal contact with a heat-exchange surface. The remainder of said temperature adjusted process gas stream is taken and contacted with said heat-exchange surface to transfer heat to said adsorbent, thus causing any adsorbed CO2 to be desorbed for collection, and to cool said process gas stream remainder and removing any condensate from said cooled process gas stream remainder. The cooled process gas stream remainder is passed in contact with a cooled section of said adsorbent to adsorb CO2 therefrom, producing a CO2 depleted process gas stream. The desorbed CO2 is withdrawn for collection.

Abstract: A regeneration reactor of a CO2 capture system is disclosed. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the CO2 capture system comprising a capture reactor selectively adsorbing CO2 by bringing a CO2-containing gas supplied from the outside into contact with a solid adsorbent, and a regeneration reactor separating the adsorbed CO2 from the solid adsorbent adsorbed with the CO2, the regeneration reactor includes a chamber having an inverted truncated cone shape being widened toward an upper part and narrowed toward a lower part, such that a pressure in the regeneration reactor is constantly maintained through the whole part and accordingly, a flow velocity in the chamber can be constantly maintained.

Abstract: A compact two-stage granular moving-bed apparatus comprises a vessel, a flow-corrective element, and a filter material supplying part. The vessel comprises a hollow interior, a gas outlet, a first media outlet and a second media outlet. The flow-corrective element divides the hollow interior into a first channel and a second channel. The filter material supplying part has a first provider for providing a first granular material flowing through the first channel and a second provider for providing a second granular material flowing through the second channel, wherein a vertical level of each first and second provider is adjustable so that a first flow path that an exhaust gas flows through the first granular material and a second flow path that the exhaust gas flow through the second granular material is respectively capable of being controlled.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an induced-draft injection system comprising an injection line in fluid communication with a duct under negative pressure, a particulate storage containing particulate, and a feeder receiving the particulate from the particulate storage and feeding the particulate to the injection line. The negative pressure in the duct supports the transportation of at least a portion of the particulate through the injection line and into the duct. Inside the duct, a binding portion of the particulate is bound to a portion of mercury in a flue gas passing through the duct, thus enabling a portion of the mercury to be filtered out of the flue gas.

Abstract: A method and system for automated control of the operating temperature setpoint of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) scrubber within a pre-determined range of approach temperatures to the adiabatic saturation temperature of the CFB scrubber exhaust stream to maintain an optimal operating temperature, thereby reducing low temperature sulfuric acid corrosion and deposition of wet materials, and high temperature excess reagent use. A Dewcon® Moisture Analyzer (or equivalent) is connected in the exhaust stream of the CFB scrubber. The Dewcon® Moisture Analyzer transmits adiabatic saturation temperature data of the exhaust stream to the CFB scrubber system controller. Based on pre-programmed parameters, the system controller adjusts the CFB scrubber temperature setpoint.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a vessel containing a fluid including at least one reactant; a fluid transfer device receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the vessel; at least one drier receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the fluid transfer device; and a reactor communicating with the at least one drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant. In addition, the at least one drier may communicate with the vessel at least by sending the fluid including at least one reactant or the regenerant through a fluid tapering device for at least one of regulating the flow and reducing the pressure of the regenerant to the vessel.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a first drier and a second drier adapted to receive a fluid including at least one reactant; and a reaction zone communicating with the first drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant and with the second drier to receive the regenerant. Generally, the first drier operates at a first condition to dry the fluid including at least one reactant and the second drier operates at a second condition during regeneration with a regenerant. The regenerant can pass through a fluid tapering device for regulating the flow of the regenerant to the reaction zone.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and method to treat large amounts of flue gas from a pulverized coal combustion power plant. The flue gas is contacted with solid sorbents to selectively absorb CO2, which is then released as a nearly pure CO2 gas stream upon regeneration at higher temperature. The method is capable of handling the necessary sorbent circulation rates of tens of millions of lbs/hr to separate CO2 from a power plant's flue gas stream. Because pressurizing large amounts of flue gas is cost prohibitive, the method of this invention minimizes the overall pressure drop in the absorption section to less than 25 inches of water column. The internal circulation of sorbent within the absorber assembly in the proposed method not only minimizes temperature increases in the absorber to less than 25° F., but also increases the CO2 concentration in the sorbent to near saturation levels. Saturating the sorbent with CO2 in the absorber section minimizes the heat energy needed for sorbent regeneration.

Abstract: Provided is a composite adsorbent material and a method for preparing the same. The composite adsorbent material comprises a porous host material of activated carbon impregnated with silica-gel and calcium chloride, and is useful for adsorbing high levels of water vapor. The composite adsorbent material is used in low temperature heat driven adsorption cooling and dehumidification systems.