Abstract: A process and apparatus for the separation of vaporous heavy metal compounds from a carrier gas wherein the heavy metal compounds are cooled and desublimed. An apparatus for carrying out this process has a melting furnace with a discharge opening for a gas/vapor mixture, which leads to a cooling device. Vaporous heavy metal compounds can be separated from a carrier gas on a large industrial scale. In addition, the apparatus for carrying out this process is easy to operate. The gas/vapor mixture is turbulently mixed immediately after the discharge from the furnace in a mixing section with cold air and is thus cooled. During this cooling, the vaporous heavy metal compounds desublime and are filtered as particles in a filter.

Abstract: In the purification of gases generated in metallurgical and similar furnace operations, the impurities include solid particles and compounds or elements which are gaseous at the furnace temperatures and only form solid or liquid at temperatures approaching ambient conditions. Proper cleaning therefore requires cooling of the gases to at least the water dew point to cause these impurities to form as particles or droplets. This invention describes an apparatus for collecting such particles or droplets in which a charging device and condensation equipment are combined to provide a simple, yet effective apparatus at a fraction of the cost of conventional apparatus.

Abstract: An adjustable filter uses an eight member frame construction to provide a wide range of filter sizes. A panel for encasing one or more layers of filtering materials within the frame is formed from a grid having a border which unevenly encompasses the crossbars of the panel in order to allow various sizes of panels to be formed without producing exposed barbs and without increasing the air resistance of the filter. An embodiment using an electric field is disclosed to enhance the filtering properties of the filter.

Abstract: A apparatus for simultaneously preheating cullet and removing pollutants from glass furnace gases is disclosed. Raw moist cullet having fine glass dust material and other impurities adhered to its surface is heated by furnace gases which remove the moisture and the impurities by entrainment. The dry, clean cullet is then electrically charged and used to filter the exhaust gases which have been electrostatically charged.

Abstract: A multi-layered electrostatic filter and method of filtration incorporating an insulated poly glass charging element which is a grid of sufficient width to allow the air flow through the charging element to supply a static charge to the charging element and to allow trapped particles to gather and combine or coagulate along the charged element prior to reaching a dust trap which is a second layer of polypropylene filters. The initial charge is generated by friction from the dust and the air passing through a first polypropylene layer. Polypropylene is used in order to provide an insulating frame and insulating dust filters on either side of the poly glass charging element. Progressively fine layers provide for multiloading of particulate material.

Abstract: An electrostatic air cleaner is disclosed along with a method for removing particulate matter from moving streams of air. A high voltage ionizer is used as a corona source to ionize the particulate matter as it approaches the air filter portion of the electrostatic air cleaner. The air filter uses a pair of reticulated polyether foam filters for collecting the particulate matter. The foam filters are separated by a thin, grid-like layer of semiconductive material (carbon-impregnated polycarbonate) which is raised to a very high DC voltage. The foam filters are also surrounded by thin, grid-like layers of electrically conductive material which are held at ground potential, thus creating a high-voltage electric field through each of the foam filters. The polyether foam filter media is non-deliquescent, thus preventing the high-voltage electric field from being dissipated by such imbedded water vapor, which is the cause of filter inefficiency in the prior art.

Abstract: A germicidal air purifier for trapping and destroying airborne microorganisms is disclosed. The air purifier includes an ultraviolet radiation source and a juxtaposed filter medium. A one of the ultraviolet radiation source and the filter medium is fixed and the other is displaceable so that at least an upstream side of the filter medium is systematically exposed to germicidal levels of radiation. In a first preferred embodiment, a fixed ultraviolet lamp irradiates a cylindrical air filter which is rotated on its longitudinal axis in close proximity to the lamp so that the upstream side of the filter is systematically irradiated. In a second preferred embodiment, a radiant lamp fixture is moved reciprocally across an upstream side of a planar filter to systematically irradiate the filter. In a third preferred embodiment, a radiant lamp fixture is rotated about an axis which is orthogonal to its longitudinal midpoint so that a circular area of a planar filter is irradiated.

Abstract: In the purification of gases generated in metallurgical and similar furnace operations, the impurities include solid particles and compounds or elements which are gaseous at the furnace temperatures and only form solid or liquid at temperatures approaching ambient conditions. Proper cleaning therefore requires cooling of the gases to at least the water dew point to cause these impurities to form as particles or droplets. This invention describes a process and apparatus for collecting such particles or droplets in which a charging device and condensation equipment are combined to provide a simple, yet effective apparatus at a fraction of the cost of conventional apparatus.

Abstract: A dust collector includes a front case and a rear case. A discharging electrode plate and an electrical charge plate are arranged zig-zag along guide elements formed in the front case, the guide elements extending in a front-to-rear direction. A dust collecting part is installed under the discharging electrode plate and the electrical charge electrode plate. An active carbon filter is installed in the rear case in order to deodorize the air.

Abstract: A blower having a base, a main body which has an air inlet opening and an air blowing opening and which is rotatably mounted on a base, a fan disposed in the main body to make air entering the main body through the air inlet opening flow out of the main body through the air blowing opening, a motor for rotating the fan, an automatic rotation mechanism for rotating the main body through 360.degree. or more relative to the base, and an automatic oscillation mechanism for changing over the normal-direction and reverse-direction rotations of the main body on the base in a predetermined angular range.

Abstract: An integrated jet scrubber and particulate collection device for removing sulfur oxides and other contaminants from combustion flue gas and also for removing particulates from this gas, such operations occurring in a single, integrated unit or assembly. In some instances, this combination device may be located in the lower portion of a chimney or stack.

Abstract: A method for forming images which comprises image-amplifying an image-wise exposed photographic element comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide photographic layer containing an image-wise distributed material having a catalytic action by processing the photographic element with a solution containing (1) at least one cobalt (III) complex and (2) at least one organic phosphonic acid compound in the presence of a reducing agent.

Abstract: A method for the recovery of a color developing agent of the N,N-disubstituted paraphenylene diamine type is provided. The used color developing solution is placed in a cell member which is separated from a second cell member, which contains an aqueous acid solution by a semipermeable nonporous membrane.The semi-permeable non-porous membrane has imbibed in it an organic solvent of low water miscibility in which the color developing agent is soluble. The color developing agent diffuses through the semi-permeable non-porous membrane and forms a salt with the aqueous acid, and is then used as such.

Abstract: A process of selectively separating a developing agent and/or a color development accelerator such as benzyl alcohol, etc., from photographic processing solutions containing these materials by bringing the processing solutions into contact with a copolymer selected from the group consisting of a styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer and a methacrylic acid monoestermethacrylic acid polyester copolymer. The developing agent thus adsorbed on the copolymer can be recovered therefrom by treating the copolymer with, e.g., diluted sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A high speed color reversal cine film with latent images recorded thereon is so processed as to color-develop the latent images and concurrently reduce the high contrast at the dark end of the tone scale which is inherent in the prior art development of such film. The new method utilizes in the color developer bath increased amounts (in comparison with prior art color developer baths) of a competing coupler such as citrazinic acid and of a silver halide solvent such as ethylene diamine and reduces the amount of a reversal agent such as t-butylamine borane, and also includes a competing non-coupling developer such as 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone, or phenidone, or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for producing dye images employing photographic elements which comprise a support and coated thereon, at least one radiation-sensitive colorforming layer unit. This layer unit includes a substantially uniform distribution of catalyst and a radiationsensitive, high iodide silver halide emulsion. A first method for producing dye images after imagewise exposure of the photographic element comprises the steps of imagewise poisoning the catalyst with iodide ion by developing the silver iodide containing silver halide emulsion and thereafter employing the remaining unpoisoned catalyst to permit a redox reaction between a peroxide oxidizing agent and a dye-image-generating reducing agent. In a preferred element the high iodide silver halide emulsion is comprised of multifaceted, radiation-receptive silver iodide crystals and silver chloride crystals forming epitaxial junctions with the silver iodide crystals.

Abstract: A color photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a non-diffusible color coupler present in at least one layer on the support and a layer containing at least one compound represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group or an alkylsulfonamidoalkyl group; R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group or an alkylsulfonamidoalkyl group, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group, and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a nitro group, a carboxylic acid ester group, an alkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material which comprises developing an image-wise exposed silver halide color light-sensitive material in the presence of (a) an aromatic primary amine color developing agent, (b) hydroxylamine or a hydroxylamine derivative, and (c) a 1-aryl-3-pyrazolidone derivative containing two substituent groups at the 4-position thereof.

Abstract: A color photosensitive material comprising a support and a silver halide photosensitive layer containing compounds as represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, C.sub.p, and X are as herein defined, is described.

Abstract: A novel two-equivalent naphthol or phenol type cyan coupler is disclosed wherein the active position thereof has a split-off group which contains a bonding group of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen atom or a divalent organic group. The present coupler is incorporated into a photographic material containing a photosensitive emulsion layer.

Abstract: A heat developable photographic material for producing a dye enhanced silver image comprising, in binder, in reactive association, (a) photosensitive silver halide, (b) a dye-forming coupler, (c) an oxidation-reduction image-forming combination comprising (i) a 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole silver salt oxidizing agent, with (ii) an organic reducing agent which in its oxidized form forms a dye with the dye-forming coupler, and (d) an antifoggant concentration of a 5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole antifoggant, provides developed, dye enhanced silver images with reduced fog upon processing. An image can be developed in this photographic material by merely heating the material. Other addenda employed in heat developable photographic materials, such as sensitizing dyes, can be useful with the described photographic materials.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of a dye image on a silver halide photograhic material which comprises imagewise exposing the photographic material to light and then subjecting the photographic material to development in the presence of both a particular polyfunctional coupler and a particular polyfunctional developing agent.

Abstract: Cyan couplers of the 2-equivalent type having the formula ##STR1## wherein C.sub.p, R.sub.1 -R.sub.6, Z, n, p and q are herein defined are described. These couplers are useful in photography, and photographic materials and developers incorporating these couplers are also described.

Abstract: A film or paper for producing a colored image from a monochromatic source image comprising four silver halide emulsion layers. A first layer of slow speed emulsion produces an underexposed negative image while a second layer of slow speed emulsion produces an underexposed positive image. The two remaining layers of fast speed emulsion produce an overexposed positive image and an overexposed negative image.A novel process is disclosed wherein the film or paper is developed in a first developer and only two emulsion layers given reversal exposure. The four emulsions are then developed to three opposite tonal gradations in the three subtractive primary colors, thereby producing a false color image.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are photothermogrpahic elements comprising stable free radical nitroxyl compounds. These compounds do not adversely affect the photographic properties of negative-working radiation sensitive emulsions and can be advantageously used in dry photothermographic processes to produce direct positive neutral or color images.

Abstract: A yellow color forming photographic coupler represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## in which X represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group; Y represents a hydrogen atom or a coupling off group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an aliphatic group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can combine to form a ring; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group.

Abstract: A multi-layered color photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support having thereon at least two light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers which provide images having substantially different hues, with the light-sensitive material including 2-equivalent couplers and/or 4-equivalent anilinopyrazolone couplers and at least one of the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers or a colloidal layer of the light-sensitive material containing a hydroquinone derivative or a hydroquinone precursor substituted with a heterocyclic monothio group and an aliphatic monothio group, an aryl monothio group, an aliphatic oxy group, an aryloxy group or a heterocyclic oxy group and having a ballasting group containing 8 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: My invention is directed to a process of forming dye images. I accomplish this through a first redox amplification reaction in which a cobalt (III) complex oxidizing agent enters into a redox reaction with a reducing agent at the site of a catalyst image. A second redox amplification reaction follows in which a peroxide oxidizing agent is employed along with dye-image-generating reducing agent to form a dye image corresponding to the pattern of the catalyst.

Abstract: An improved method for processing an imagewise exposed light-sensitive silver halide photographic material containing a coupler is described, wherein the siliver halide photographic material is processed with a developing bath and thereafter processed, in the presence of imagewise developed silver and a color developing agent, with a solution containing hydrogen peroxide, whereby, after the development, the developed light-sensitive silver halide photographic material is processed with a solution containing a deactivating agent or a silver halide solvent, and thereafter subjecting the thus processed light-sensitive silver halide photographic material to spraying with and/or intermittent dipping in said solution containing hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: My invention is directed to a process of forming dye images. I accomplish this by bleaching a silver image at least in part with a cobalt bleaching agent to form within the silver image pattern an immobile cobalt reaction product. The concurrent presence of the immobile cobalt reaction product, a peroxide oxidizing agent and a dye-image-generating reducing agent within the silver image pattern allows a dye image to be formed which corresponds to the silver image pattern.

Abstract: High edge effects and interimage effects are provided in a color-photographic material by the use of new DIR-compounds. These are of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents together with the sulfur atom a development inhibiting group;Y represents --O--, ##STR2## methylene group which may be alkyl substituted or a methine group; Z represents a methylene or ethylene group which may be alkyl substituted, a methine group, a vinylene group, an o-phenylene group, a carbonyl group, an oxycarbonyl group or a carbonamide group;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic groups, acyl, acyloxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, halogen, cyano, thioether groups or arylsulfoxyl or alkylsulfoxyl or both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together complete an at least mono-unsaturated or aromatic ring.

Abstract: Stable nitroxyl radicals are useful as oxidants in photographic elements or film units.

Abstract: A photographic coupler represented by the following formula (I)[a] -- nhcor (i)wherein A represents a cyan color forming coupler residue having a naphthol nucleus or a phenol nucleus; the RCONH-group is a substituted in the coupling position of [A], and R represents (1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon or alicyclic hydrocarbon group which has at least one electron attractive substituent in the .alpha.-position to the carbonyl group in the RCONH- group, or (2) an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, an acyl group or an amino group which may be substituted with one or more electron attractive substituents, and R as defined by (1) or (2) above is a residue of a carboxylic acid of the formula RCOOH having a pKa of about 1.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of forming a photographic element capable of forming a reversal image including a support and two silver halide emulsion layers primarily responsive to a different portion of the visible spectrum upon imagewise exposure of the photographic element. The emulsion layers are positioned to permit iodide ion migration therebetween upon development. Each emulsion layer contains silver halide grains capable of forming a latent image upon imagewise exposure and a hydrophillic colloid suspending the grains. One of the emulsion layers is comprised of silver haloiodide grains. One other of the silver halide emulsion layers additionally contains suspended in the hydrophilic colloid and interspersed with the latent image forming silver halide grains surface fogged silver halide grains which are spontaneously developable independently of imagewise exposure of the photographic element as though exposed to imaging radiation of maximum intensity.

Abstract: A photographic color coupler in which a hydrogen atom at the coupling position capable of coupling with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent is substituted with a group represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R', which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group, and R and R' can combine each other to form a ring; and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. These photographic color couplers are a novel class of two-equivalent color forming couplers which are suitable for use in color photography. A color photographic light-sensitive material containing the above described photographic color coupler and a method of forming a color image comprising developing an exposed photographic light-sensitive material in the presence of the above described photographic color coupler are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is described of developing a photographic silver halide element containing developable silver halide by development in the presence of a development accelerator which is a compound corresponding to the following general formula and containing in its molecule at least one thioether sulphur atom linked to two carbon atoms: ##STR1## WHEREIN: R is hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkylamino,Alk is en alkylene group which may be interrupted by --O--, --S--, or --N(Q)-- wherein Q is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A derivative of paraphenylenediamine, for use as a color developer, having a primary amino group available for oxidative coupling, and a carboxy group bound to the benzene ring to provide the compound with the required stability to enable the compound to be incorporated into a photographic film, the compound being non-diffusible during development of the photographic film in an alkaline processing solution.

Abstract: A diffusion transfer photographic element containing a lipophilic, non-diffusing color former in a silver halide emulsion layer, or in a layer adjacent thereto, is developed by using a water- and alkali-soluble color developer capable of coupling with the color former to form a diffusible coupled product, the color developer being coated with the silver halide emulsion layer or in any layer of the photographic element or being in an alkaline developing solution.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising a new development inhibitor releasing type compound and a process for developing thereof.

Abstract: In an image intensification which comprises reacting a photographic element comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer with at least one highly active intensifying agent comprising halogenous acids and peroxides in the presence of a reducing agent, and, if necessary or desired, a color former, a method for forming images which comprises treating the photographic element with an intensifying bath comprising1. at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound possessing an anti-fogging effect and having no mercapto group;2. bromide ions in an amount of 1 .times. 10.sup.-4 gram ion/liter or more; and3. the highly active intensifying agent in an amount of 0.25 mol/liter or more.

Abstract: An imaging system and process wherein an element comprising a cobalt complex-developer redox system is catalyzed by cobalt sulfide. The cobalt sulfide can be imagewise produced by exposing a photoreducible cobalt complex in the presence of a thioamide, or it can be uniformly distributed and either masked in an imagewise fashion, or reacted with imagewise distributed color developing agent.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is halogen or trifluoromethyl, n is 0 to 5, and CD is the residue of a paraphenylenediamine color developer having a primary amino group available for oxidative coupling, the phenoxycarbonyl group being attached to the primary nitrogen atom of the paraphenylenediamine color developer, are used in a receiving sheet of a diffusion transfer photographic element for coupling with a color former to form a stable dye.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of forming a dye image through redox amplification using a peroxide oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by forming an immobile cobalt complex image and using this image to define a reversal immobile catalytic manganese complex image. The immobile catalytic manganese complex image is employed as a catalyst in a peroxide redox amplification step to form an image dye.

Abstract: Photographic elements are described which comprise a support having thereon at least one image dye-providing layer unit and at least one layer containing an immobile anionic organic acid having an equivalent weight based on acid groups of at least 70 and less than 800. In one embodiment, photographic elements of this invention can be contacted with a transition metal-ion complex such as a cobalt(III) ion complex before contact with a fixing bath and sufficient transition metal ion will be retained in the photographic element to bleach the silver in said element.

Abstract: A color photographic material comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having preferably a non-diffusing color coupler associated to it and at least one non-lightsensitive binder layer containing a colloidal silver dispersion provides less contact fog and a better color reproduction if the non-lightsensitive binder layer containing the colloidal silver dispersion contains also a soluble iodide, particularly sodium, potassium or ammonium iodide. Alternatively the soluble iodide may also be contained in a non-lightsensitive binder layer adjacent that binder layer which contains the silver dispersion.

Abstract: Cyan couplers of the 2-equivalent type, useful in photography are described. These compounds are characterized in that they have at least one divalent group of the formula, --OCH.sub.2 CO--, in the molecule with a split-off group at the methoxy site of said divalent radical. Photographic materials and color developers incorporating these couplers are also described.

Abstract: A photographic material suited for forming color radiographs, which material comprises on both sides of a film support at least one silver halide emulsion layer incorporating at least one color coupler that is capable of forming with an oxidized p-phenylenediamine type color developing agent a dye, said color coupler(s) being present in an amount sufficient to allow by exposure and color development with a p-phenylene diamine type developing agent to obtain a spectral density in the material of at least 2.0 with respect to visual filter light, the aggregate amount of silver halide in said material being equivalent to an amount of silver nitrate in the range of 5 g to 1.3 g of silver nitrate per sq.m, the silver halide grain size distribution being such that at least 50% by weight of the silver halide at both sides of the support has a mean grain size smaller than 0.55 .mu.m.

Abstract: A color photographic material comprising a support having photographic layers thereon, with at least one of the photographic layers containing a non-diffusible colored coupler which releases, on coupling reaction with the oxidation product of a primary aromatic amino developing agent at development, a diffusible dye capable of being removed from the photographic layer, the non-diffusible colored coupler being represented by general formula (I):a--o--so.sub.2 --r--b (i)wherein R represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; A represents an image forming coupler residue containing a phenol nucleus or a naphthol nucleus, and wherein the --O--SO.sub.2 --R--B group is bonded to the coupling position of the coupler residue and the group can be released upon oxidative coupling with an aromatic primary amine developing agent to form a dye; and B represents a residue containing a chromophore.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for developing an exposed silver halide color photosensitive material which comprises conducting the development in the presence of the following compound: ##STR1## wherein Cp is a cyan coupler residue having been removed one hydrogen atom from active methylene of the coupler; R.sub.1 and R2 are individually hydrogen, helogen, a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, an aromatic hydrocarbon residue, acyl, carbamoyl, cyans and formyl; X is a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, an aromatic hydrocarbon residue, a heterocyclic ring residue, and a carbonyl group; and n is 0 or 1 provided that, when n is 1, X is the carbonyl group.