Abstract: Gelatin, especially in a layer of a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material, is hardened with the reaction product of a compound having at least three vinylsulfonyl groups in the molecule and a compound having at least one water-soluble group and at least one group capable of reacting with the vinylsulfonyl group, such as --SH, .dbd.NH and --NH.sub.2.

Abstract: A heat-tempered film element having a core-set curling tendency and a net core-set curl at least about 15% below that of a similar non-heat-tempered film element is provided by a process which comprises heating a sheet or roll of self-supporting, core-set-prone thermoplastic polymeric film, which is non-coated or is coated with one or more layers on at least one surface, under ambient relative humidity of less than 100%, at a temperature in the temperature range of from about 30.degree. C. up to about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of said polymer for 0.1 to 1500 hours, said heating being continued until the change in the number of ANSI curl units that the resulting film undergoes upon subsequent core-setting at 21.degree. C. and 50% R.H. for 2200 hours is reduced by at least 15%, compared to the change in the number of ANSI curl units untreated thermoplastic polymer film undergoes upon core-setting under like conditions.

Abstract: Photographic additives in particular water insoluble photographic additives are rendered easier to incorporate into photographic layers by finely dividing them, mixing them with a finely divided water soluble substance and preparing granules of the mixture using a hydrophilic colloid as the binder. The granules which contain from about 1 to 50% by weight of the photographic additives are then dissolved in the coating composition and this disperses the water insoluble additive uniformly throughout the coating composition.

Abstract: A photosensitive recording medium for recording spatially modulated optical data and for the recording of holographic information in real time, comprising a polymeric sheet containing a photosensitizer adapted to bring about a change of the refractive index of the polymer upon irradiation in the visible or in the UV range. A process for recording spatially modulated data and for the recording of holographic information in real time, which comprises preparing a recording medium as defined above and recording the information by means of a holographic set-up.

Abstract: An imaging film, and a method of making it, comprising a flexible plastic substrate having a thin, high optical density, continuous layer of bismuth, or an alloy of bismuth, deposited on a surface thereof. The bismuth layer has a roughened outer surface. To this roughened surface a layer of a photoactive material is applied which serves as a photoresist as well as a protective overlayer for the bismuth. The photoactive material may be positive or negative working. A layer of a developable photographic emulsion may be applied to the photoactive material layer to impart camera speed to the imaging film. The photoresist side of the film has a non-shiny, essentially non-reflecting black surface which resembles the appearance of developed silver halide films. The substrate side of the film, on the other hand, has a metallic appearance which is easily distinguishable from the photoresist side. This feature of the film enables an operator to readily ascertain the photoresist side of the film and speeds plate making.

Abstract: A photo-induced thermally degradable imaging system comprising a continuous, water-insoluble film of a peroxide copolymer of oxygen and a vinyl aromatic monomer having the structural formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 can be hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl group containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom and b is an integer from 1 to 2, on a substrate.

Abstract: A film or paper for producing a colored image from a monochromatic source image comprising four silver halide emulsion layers. A first layer of slow speed emulsion produces an underexposed negative image while a second layer of slow speed emulsion produces an underexposed positive image. The two remaining layers of fast speed emulsion produce an overexposed positive image and an overexposed negative image.A novel process is disclosed wherein the film or paper is developed in a first developer and only two emulsion layers given reversal exposure. The four emulsions are then developed to three opposite tonal gradations in the three subtractive primary colors, thereby producing a false color image.

Abstract: A pattern-forming material comprises a substrate and a radiation sensitive chalcogenide layer disposed thereon. The radiation sensitive chalcogenide layer consists of an amorphous layer having a chemical composition of 75 to 95 mol% of selenium and 5 to 25 mol% of germanium and a silver layer superimposed thereon. The pattern-forming materials having the radiation sensitive chalcogenide layer of the invention are particularly useful in lithographic applications.

Abstract: In a method of stabilizing photographic silver halide emulsion layers containing polyalkylene oxide compounds a protective gelatine layer is applied to the emulsion layer which contains from 0,35 to 35 mg of a water soluble thiosulphate.

Abstract: A composite, photohardenable element comprising in intimate surface contact (a) a resist layer, photohardenable by exposure to actinic radiation and; (b) a soluble layer comprising a macromolecular organic polymer and at least one ultraviolet absorbent dye or pigment. In the preferred elements, the layers are disposed between and adherent to a cover sheet and a support film, respectively.

Abstract: A light sensitive printing plate comprising a support having provided thereon a light sensitive layer and a matted layer, said matted layer being removable upon development and containing a light absorbing agent possessing an absorption in the spectral region to which the light-sensitive material coated on the light sensitive printing plate is sensitive.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material having improved anti-static properties comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer and which contains in an outermost layer of the photographic material, in a layer contiguous to a subbing layer for a silver halide emulsion layer in the photographic material, and/or in a layer contiguous to the outermost layer provided on the opposite side of the support to that on which the silver halide emulsion layer is present in the photographic material a compound having a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 50,000 and a recurring unit represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group or an alkenyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can combine and form an alkylene chain; R.sub.3 represents an alkylene group or an aralkylene group having 10 or less carbon atoms; and X.sub.1.sup.- and X.sub.2.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are non-pressure sensitive, heat sealable adhesive compositions having high bonding strengths at temperatures below 75.degree. C which consist essentially of a mixture of a block copolymer of a vinylbenzene and a conjugated diolefin, and a copolymer of an alkene and vinyl acetate. These adhesives are useful in a variety of radiation sensitive materials, but particularly in photographic materials such as photographic film units. In such units, they are particularly useful to bond barrier timing layers to other layers or substrates, but also may be used to bond other layers or substrates.

Abstract: A photothermographic material comprising in reactive association (a) photosensitive silver halide, (b) an image-forming combination comprising (i) a silver salt of certain 1,2,4-mercaptotriazole derivatives with (ii) a silver halide developing agent, and (c) a polymeric binder, provides developed images without the need for processing solutions or baths. An image can be developed in this material by merely heating the material to moderately elevated temperatures. The silver salts of certain 3-amino-1,2,4-mercaptotriazole derivatives are particularly preferred compounds. Other addenda employed in heat developable photothermographic materials, such as sensitizing dyes, can be employed with the photothermographic materials described.

Abstract: A process for thermal development, which comprises irradiating with microwaves an imagewise exposed thermally developable recording material in thermal contact with a conductive layer or material having a surface electric resistance ranging from about 1 ohm/.quadrature. to about 10.sup.5 ohm/.quadrature., whereby the heat generated in the conductive layer or material develops the thermally developable recording material.

Abstract: A photographic binder prepared by heating a mixed aqueous solution of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol in acidic state makes it possible to coat a photographic coating liquid for forming photographic layers in the same manner as in the case of using gelatin and furthermore gives excellent physical properties to the resultant photographic layers.

Abstract: The invention is directed essentially to photographic material containing, on a carrier, a layer with azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein A, B, X and Y are certain substituents, in a second main aspect azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR2## wherein B' represents certain substituents and in a third main aspect azo deystuffs of the formulaA.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--B.sub.1 --NH--CO--X.sub.1 --Y--Z.sub.1 --OC--HN--B.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--A.sub.1wherein A.sub.1, B.sub.1, X.sub.1, Z.sub.1 and Y are certain substituents.The photographic materials provide advantages stemming from the use of the dyestuffs of the invention which are distinguished by particularly high fastness to light coupled with excellent bleachability, good resistance to diffusion and advantageous color strength.

Abstract: A processing-free lithographic printing plate, which comprises a support having deposited thereon a composition containing germanium and sulfur and at least one of a metal or metal compound in a physically mixed state.

Abstract: A process of spin coating a coating composition on the surface of a base plate, comprising supplying a material which is compatable with the coating composition, in either a liquid or vapor form, to the opposite surface of the base plate to the surface on which the coating composition has been supplied (hereinafter "back surface" or "back side") while rotating the base plate to remove the coating composition flowing to the back surface or to the edge portion of the plate. The material compatible with the coating composition may be applied to the surface of the base plate at the periphery thereof to reduce or remove the coating composition there.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are heat-activatable adhesive compositions comprising an amorphous condensation polymer which is characterized by having an acid component comprising a phthalic acid derivative and a glycol component comprising from about 15 to about 85 mole percent of (1) a linear aliphatic glycol having the structure HO--R--H wherein R is either: ##STR1## or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--.sub.n wherein n is an integer from 2 to 4; and from about 85 to about 15 mole percent of (2) a branched aliphatic glycol having the structure: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl. These polyester adhesives are further characterized as being soluble in halogenated solvents, having glass transition temperatures within the range of about -30.degree. to about 50.degree. C, and having high bonding strengths at elevated temperatures. They have been found useful in a variety of photographic materials, and particulary in photographic film units.

Abstract: A dry image forming material with an increased sensitivity, characterized by including a) an organic silver salt oxidizing agent, b) a reducing agent and c) a compound or a composition which comprises a halogen component and an organic component containing an element except for sulfur belonging to the IV group, V group or VI group of the periodic table and having an atomic number of 14 or more, and is adapted, by heating, to interact with the silver ion of a) to form a photosensitive interaction product. The dry image forming material according to this invention is of the type of post-activation and can be prepared, stored and handled under normal lighting conditions. The post-activation type dry image forming material according to this invention can be spectrally sensitized by incorporation of a sensitizing dye.

Abstract: Photographic silver halide material developed in the presence of a novel antifogging or stabilizing compound which is present in the material and/or in the developing composition and corresponds to the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: Q is sulphur or seleniumX is sulphur, selenium or oxygenY is sulphur, selenium, oxygen or a single bond,R.sup.1 stands for an alkyl group having no nitrogen containing substituents or an aryl group,R.sup.2 represents the same groups as indicated for R.sup.1, provided that only when X represents sulphur or selenium nitrogen containing substituents of alkyl are excluded,R.sup.3 stands for hydrogen, carboxy in acid or salt form, an alkyl group or an aryl group, andR.sup.4 stands for hydrogen provided Y represents a single bond, an alkyl group having no nitrogen containing substituents, when Y represents sulphur or selenium and having no hydroxy substituents when Y represents a single bond and X as well as Q represent sulphur or selenium, or an aryl group,R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A support suitable for spin coating which is transparent to near ultraviolet and visible light and has a flat surface to be coated, wherein the periphery of the surface is removed in an amount of at least the excess thickness at the periphery of a coated layer to be formed by spin coating so that the surface of the coated layer at the periphery is not raised as compared to the surface of the coated layer at the center. A mask blank which has a mask layer formed on the support is also disclosed as is a light-sensitive photographic material which has a silver halide emulsion layer formed on the support or the mask blank. The process is also claimed.

Abstract: An electrostatic printing plate is obtained by forming a permanent electroconductive pattern on its exposed portion, which is effected by irradiation of light to expose a light image on a photosensitive material comprising a photosensitive composition containing an aliphatic nitrogen compound and an organic halogen compound capable of generating a free radical upon irradiation by light.

Abstract: Imaging material comprising a layer which comprises deformed particulate organic polymeric material such as flattened spheres, which has a memory for its original particulate shape and which is capable of recovering its original particulate shape upon the application of energy above a certain threshold. Examples of suitable particulate material include polystyrene, as it is obtained by emulsion or perl-polymerization in the presence of crosslinking agents, or polyethylene in particulate form, which has been crosslinked by the application of high energy radiation.

Abstract: A thermally developable light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon or therein at least one layer containing at least (a) an organic silver salt, (b) a light-sensitive silver halide or a component capable of forming a light-sensitive silver halide, and (c) a reducing agent, which contains (d) a palladium-containing compound in at least one layer provided on or in the support.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for inhibiting in a polymerization reaction crosslinking of photocrosslinkable condensation homopolymers and copolymers by use of a synergistic inhibitor composition comprising specified amounts of a hindered phenolic compound and a phosphoric acid ester in the presence of monomers from which said homopolymers and copolymers are formed. Residue from the inhibitor composition remains in the polymeric product and serves as a stabilizer against heat deterioration and premature crosslinking of the product during recovery and storage. The stabilized homopolymers and copolymers are useful for manufacture of radiation sensitive elements. Photographic elements formed from the stabilized condensation polymers are particularly useful as lithographic plates.

Abstract: When a water-soluble alcohol having 4 to 6 hydroxyl groups is added to a photosensitive composition comprising a water-soluble polymer substance and a bisazide crosslinking agent, the polymer crosslinking reaction by said bisazide crosslinking agent is promoted and a polymer crosslinkage enough to form an image is produced even at a low exposure dose of ultraviolet ray. Thus, the photosensitive composition is highly sensitized as compared with prior art photosensitive compositions. The alcohol is exemplified by erythritol, pentitol, etc. and is preferably added in an amount of 1 - 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer substance.

Abstract: A web with overlays for use in the document presentation device of a photographic copying machine has several sheet-like sections with overlapping portions which are separably coupled to each other by snap fasteners and carry overlays which are welded thereto by the application of heat and pressure. The overlays are applied to those sides of the sections which are coated with layers of photographic emulsion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are heat-activatable adhesive compositions comprising a water-soluble condensation polymer which is characterized by having a glycol component comprising one or more diols, preferably one of which is 1,4-bis(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)cyclohexane; and an acid component comprising greater than 15 and up to about 35 mole percent of at least one diacid or diester monomer having an iminodisulfonyl salt moiety, and from about 65 to about 85 mole percent of one or more other diacids or diesters. These adhesives are further characterized as having high bonding strengths at temperatures above 50.degree. C. They have been found useful in a variety of photographic materials, and particularly in image transfer film units.

Abstract: A process for producing finely divided polymer particles which is characterized by using a water drop containing polymer emulsion which is produced by a process comprising dissolving a copolymer containing about 10 to about 70 mol% of a carboxyl group containing vinyl compound in a solvent mixture consisting of about 20 to about 90 weight% of sec-butanol or tert-butanol and about 10 to about 80% by weight of another hydrophobic organic solvent and dispersing the resultant solution in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A light-sensitive vesicular imaging element and a method of manufacture are provided, comprising a vesiculating layer which includes a binder and vesiculating agent which liberates gas upon exposure to activating radiation, and an overcoat which contains a polymer soluble in a solvent in which the binder of the vesiculating layer is substantially insoluble. Upon imagewise irradiation of the element, gas bubbles are generated in the exposed areas. The bubbles may be developed to a visible record by overall heating.

Abstract: A covering power imaging heat developable and heat stabilizable photographic material comprising in reactive assocation (a) photographic silver salt, (b) a photographic silver salt developing agent, (c) an activating concentration of a certain development activator precursor and (d) a polymeric binder, enables an image to develop and be stabilized even though the photothermographic material contains no separate post-processing image stabilizer, and also enables silver image development efficiency of at least 90% when the material is heated to a temperature within the range of about 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. An image can be developed in this heat developable and heat stabilizable photographic material by merely heating the material after imagewise exposure to moderately elevated temperatures. Other addenda employed in heat developable materials can be employed in the described heat developable photographic materials.

Abstract: A dry system for forming and transferring images is provided. The system comprises a photoactive component comprising a tacky photohardenable layer on a selected carrier sheet and a transfer component comprising a frangible color layer on a selected carrier sheet. The two components are disposed with their photohardenable and color layers in air-free contact with one another and then subjected to irradiation with actinic radiation in accordance with a selected image pattern so as to cause selected portions of the photohardenable layer to harden and fuse to confronting portions of the color layer. Then the two components are separated whereby the fused portions of the color layer are separated from its carrier sheet and transferred to the photoactive component. Thereafter the color layer remaining on the transferable component is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: A heat bleachable layer comprising a benzopinacol and a reducible dye or dye precursor is useful in an imaging element. The heat bleachable layer can be, for instance, an antihalation layer of a photographic element, such as a photothermographic element.

Abstract: The anchorage of silver images to their supports, especially in wash-off films developed by tanning developing agents, is improved by incorporating cyclohexylamine or a derivative thereof in the silver halide emulsion layer, in a layer coated between the emulsion and the support, in an overcoat, or in the processing bath.

Abstract: Screens for use in screen process printing are prepared by applying a dry emulsion film to a layer of liquid emulsion carried on the outer surface of a screen fabric in such a manner that upon drying, the dry emulsion film and the liquid emulsion layer are coalesced into a unitary emulsion layer which surrounds the screen fabric. The coalesced emulsion layer has a smooth surface which extends a uniform distance above the screen fabric. Screens thus produced are used to prepare photographic stencils for use in screen process printing.

Abstract: A light-sensitive material comprising a layer containing:(a) at least one organic compound containing tellurium and/or selenium; and(b) at least one sensitizing compound selected from the oxides, basic halides, halides, sulfates, nitrates, perchlorates, or organic acid salts of In (III), Sb (III), Ti (IV), Zn (II), Bi (III), Ge (IV), and Sn (IV).

Abstract: An image-forming element is disclosed comprised of a support and a coating thereon containing a cobalt(III)complex and a compound containing a conjugated .pi. bonding system capable of forming at least a bidentate chelate with cobalt(III). The coating is predominantly free of anions which will form conjugate acids by deprotonation of a cobalt(II)complex containing the chelating compound. In one preferred form the image-forming element is radiation-sensitive. In this form the image-forming element can contain a photoactivator capable of initiating reduction of the cobalt(III)complex. An imaging process is disclosed in which the coating is exposed to actinic radiation to produce an image. Images can be recorded directly within the image-forming coating or in a separate image-recording element or layer by use of the residual cobalt(III)complex or by use of one or more of the reaction products produced by exposure.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable elements are provided which comprise: (1) A support, (2) an addition polymerizable photosensitive layer, and (3) a solid, water-permeable, oxygen barrier protective layer, non-strippable as an unsupported film, said layer covering the entire photosensitive layer and being coated from an aqueous solution of a water-soluble macromolecular organic polymer or copolymer, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, having dispersed therein, finely divided solid particles of a water-insoluble polymer or copolymer selected from acrylic and alkacrylic polymers or copolymers and mixtures thereof, and copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable elements are provided which comprise: (1) A support, (2) an addition polymerizable photosensitive layer, and (3) a solid, water-permeable, oxygen barrier protective layer, nonstrippable as an unsupported film, said layer covering the entire photosensitive layer and being coated from an aqueous solution of a water-soluble macromolecular organic polymer or copolymer, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, having dispersed therein, finely divided solid particles of a water-insoluble chlorinated vinyl polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic element containing an inorganic bismuth compound in the emulsion layer and/or constitutive layer and a method for developing said element after imagewise exposure is described.

Abstract: A method for recording spatially modulated optical data and for the recording of holographic information in real time, comprising preparing a photosensitive recording medium comprising a polymeric sheet containing a photosensitizer adapted to bring about a change of the refractive index of the polymer upon irradiation in the visible or in the UV range and recording the information by means of a holographic set-up.

Abstract: 1-Sulphonyl-4-amino-pyridinium salts are used as quick acting hardeners for protein-containing layers, in particular gelatine layers, for photographic purposes.

Abstract: This invention relates to free-radical, non-silver, photosensitive films, particularly those suitable for optical development as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,510,300. The invention comprises the incorporation of compounds which contain an imine (--C.dbd.N--) function and a hydroxyl group into otherwise known photosensitive compositions to improve optical development and to retard dark fogging so as to thereby provide aging stability to such compositions. Preferably, an additional improvement comprises provision of an overcoat for the photosensitive composition of this invention when in the form of thin films on a support such as a polyester or a paper sheet or glass plate. The overcoat acts to improve the shelf life and photosensitometric properties of the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: Transparent elements useful as supports for photographic image-carrying and/or image-recording layers are provided comprising a polyester film base having an anti-reflection coating on one surface. Image-carrying and/or image-recording layers may be coated on the opposed surface.The polyester film base of the transparent element has an index of refraction of at least 1.6, and the anti-reflection coating comprises a fluorinated polymer and has an optical thickness of a quarter wave. An isocyanate in the anti-reflection coating or between said coating and the polyester film base increases the abrasion resistance of the fluorinated polymer anti-reflection coating.

Abstract: The free bases of various amino dyestuffs, such as the amino derivatives of triarylmethane and xanthene dyestuffs form stable solutions with organic halides and a matrix, such as a film-forming binder. Dry films of such compositions are lightly colored; upon exposure to actinic light, the dyestuffs become intensely colored. The combination of dyestuff free base and organic halide is particularly useful in conjunction with photopolymerizable compositions to denote the polymerized portions of a dry film photoresist and to enable the use of thicker films or coatings of liquid photopolymerizable compositions than were previously useful.

Abstract: In a process for hardening photographic protein containing layers as quick acting hardener a carbamoyl pyridinium compound is used the pyridine ring of which carries a sulfoalkyl substituent.

Abstract: As quick-acting hardeners for protein-containing photographic layers water-soluble, organic, asymmetric monocarbodiimides containing an alkyl ammonium group and having a carbonamide group attached to the nitrogen atom are used.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material including a support, a non-light sensitive uppermost layer consisting of at least one organic synthetic high polymer compound as a film forming material and at least one light-sensitive layer between the support and the uppermost layer, said organic high polymer compound being selected from the group consisting of the following polymers (A) to (F):polymer (A) comprising repeating units a.sub.1 and a.sub.2 ;______________________________________ a.sub.1 : ##STR1## 80 - 97 mol% a.sub.2 : ##STR2## 3 - 20 mol% ______________________________________Wherein M represents a cation, and m represents 0, 3 or 4;Polymer (B) comprising repeating units b.sub.1, b.sub.2 and b.sub.3 ; ______________________________________ b.sub.1 : ##STR3## 5 - 30 mol% b.sub.2 : ##STR4## 5 - 75 mol% b.sub.3 : ##STR5## 20 - 65 mol% ______________________________________Wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents --CH.sub.3 or --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 each represents --H or --CH.sub.