Abstract: Parts-attaching grooves are formed at both side surfaces of an ionizer main body, and an auxiliary member for extending parts is detachably latched to the parts-attaching grooves. Parts, such as sensors, filters, and so forth are extended by means of the auxiliary member. The aforementioned parts attaching grooves are constructed such that a lower side groove wall is slanting in a gradually outside-down manner toward a groove opening side, and further the auxiliary member includes a projection edge for latching, at a tip end of left and right side walls, and the auxiliary member is attached to the aforementioned ionizer main body by means of elastically latching the projection edge to the aforementioned parts-attaching groove.

Abstract: A method of forming a modular collecting electrode for an electrostatic precipitator, including forming a plurality of horizontal collecting electrode sections, each section having vertical planar portions separated by vertical tubular portions, and wherein the method includes inserting interconnecting support elements into the tubular portions of adjacent collector electrode sections and compressing the interconnected electrode sections to form a rigid modular assembly. In one preferred embodiment, the method includes applying stiffening members across the ends of the planar portions of adjacent electrode sections for transmitting rapping forces through the assembled sections.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing wear of an electrode holder on a discharge electrode frame of an electrostatic precipitator includes an electrically conductive member having a central portion generally contoured to a shape of an electrode holder. The apparatus is fastened to at least one of the electrode holder and an end portion of a discharge electrode such that, when the end portion of the discharge electrode is attached to the electrode holder, the electrically conductive member is disposed between the end portion of the discharge electrode and the electrode holder.

Abstract: A collecting electrode for an electrostatic precipitator in an internal combustion engine, which is easily replaceable during routine maintenance.

Abstract: The invention is a discharge electrode in an electrostatic precipitator having a power supply connected to at least one collection electrode and a flow of gas across the collection electrode. The discharge electrode has a plurality of conductive fibers electrically connected to the power supply and fiber tips exposed to the flow of gas. The fiber tips preferably extend from a composite in which the fibers reinforce a matrix material, but alternatively can be a large number of filaments extending from a composite rod.

Abstract: A modular frame for use in air purification devices is described. In one aspect of the invention, a plurality of frame members are arranged in a linked stack to form a housing for components of an air purification device. The frame members are arranged to define a flow channel through which a fluid stream passes and to support components of the air purification device that receive the fluid stream. In another aspect of the invention, a plurality of rods are arranged to pass through the frame member stack. A first one of the rods serves as an electrical power source at a first potential and a second one of the rods serves as an electrical power source at a second potential. Electrical connectors are provided to electrically couple electrodes on selected components of the air purification device to their associated rods. In devices that utilize electrostatic filters, the electrodes that are connected to the rods may include the electrodes of the electrostatic filters.

Abstract: A discharge device for generating a streamer discharge includes a discharge electrode and a counter electrode. The discharge electrode is in a shape of a wire or rod and is disposed substantially parallel to the counter electrode. Thus, even when a tip of the discharge electrode becomes worn out, a shape of the tip of the discharge electrode remains unchanged and a distance between the discharge electrode and the counter electrode remains unchanged. As a result, even when the tip of the discharge electrode becomes worn out, the streamer discharge stability will not fall.

Abstract: The electric dust collector has an oblong holding unit provided on the air channel of an air conditioner or the like; a high-voltage applying device provided at an end of the holding unit; a front-open contact protector of substantially inverted U-shape that contains a high-voltage power feeding terminal connected to the high-voltage applying device; a filter unit attached to the holding unit; and a slide projection provided on the filter unit. The slide projection has a high-voltage power receiving terminal removably fitted into the contact protector, allowing the filter unit to be removably attached to the holding unit. The high-voltage power feeding terminal covered with the contact protector is free from dust collection. The structure can prevent contact failure or electrical leak.

Abstract: The invention related to dust filters (1) which are especially used in operations endangered by gases and comprise filter elements (10) rendered antistatic by means of derivative constituents such as carbon fibres, salts or special steel fibres (26, 27). The filter material (10) is connected to the housing frame (14) by use of conductors (16), bypassing the seal (15), in such a way that a negative electrical charge of the inner chamber of the individual filter element (10) or the dust filter (1) is avoided.

Abstract: A gas treating device capable of electrically collecting dust and of decomposing odors and other matter by plasma includes a plasma generating device integrally incorporated into an ionization part in a casing. The ionization part has an ionization line and a columnar portion of a negative electrode member. The plasma generating device includes a discharge electrode which shares a counter electrode with the ionization line. During operation, dust of a relatively small size in room air is electrically charged by discharge between the ionization line and the counter electrode. An electrostatic filter entraps and collects the electrically charged dust. A plasma of low temperature is generated by streamer discharge between the discharge electrode and the counter electrode. Harmful substances and odorous substances in the room air are decomposed by an activated species contained in the generated low-temperature plasma.

Abstract: A corona ground element for use in a pre-ionizer of an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The corona ground element includes a substantially elongate body including a proximate end and a distal end and first and second projections formed on the proximate end and the distal end. The first and second projections are adapted to retain the corona plate in the electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A retainer for use with a corona ground element of an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The retainer includes a body and a retainer aperture extending at least partially through the body and adapted to receive a projection extending from the corona ground element. The retainer aperture is configured to receive the projection as a press fit.

Abstract: A pre-ionizer for use with an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The pre-ionizer includes two or more corona ground elements arranged in a substantially parallel orientation. A corona ground element of the two or more corona ground elements includes a substantially elongate body including a proximate end and a distal end and first and second projections formed on the proximate end and the distal end. The first and second projections retain the corona ground element in the electrostatic precipitator. The pre-ionizer further includes one or more corona charge elements positioned between two adjacent corona ground elements of the two or more corona ground elements. When a high voltage electrical field is placed across the two or more corona ground elements and the one or more corona charge elements, the pre-ionizer at least partially ionizes airflow through the pre-ionizer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method and apparatus for moving air using an air treatment apparatus, the air treatment apparatus preferably including at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode, and at least one third electrode, and at least a portion of the third electrode is positioned downstream of the second electrode. The air treatment apparatus includes a grill configured to be attached to the air treatment apparatus, and the grill is movable between a first position in which the grill covers the portion of the third electrode and a second position in which the portion of the third electrode is uncovered. The grill is attached to or detached from the housing when in the second position.

Abstract: An electrode wire retaining member for an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The electrode wire retaining member includes one or more flexible arm portions extending from the body and formed of an at least partially flexible material. A flexible arm portion returns to a substantially normal configuration after being deformed. The electrode wire retaining member further includes a retaining portion formed on an outer end of a flexible arm portion and extending from the flexible arm portion. The electrode wire retaining member further includes a slot formed in the retaining portion and sized to accommodate an electrode wire. The retaining portion and the slot receive and hold a retaining body formed on an end of the electrode wire.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a methods, apparatuses and systems that utilize electric currents to direct the deposition of particulate matter to various surfaces.

Abstract: A method of repairing an electrostatic precipitator, comprising building a temporary support truss assembly, supporting the temporary truss assembly at the level of the hot roof of the electrostatic precipitator, transferring the weight of the internal components of the electrostatic precipitator from the upper girders to the temporary truss assembly, repairing or replacing the upper girders of the electrostatic precipitator, and then transferring the weight of the internal components to the repaired or replaced upper girders.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator cell is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The electrostatic precipitator cell includes a connection rod including first and second ends, a length, a cross-sectional shape, and a lengthwise surface. The electrostatic precipitator cell further includes collection plates located in spaced-apart arrangement on the connection rod. A collection plate includes at least one aperture. The central aperture substantially conforms to the cross-sectional shape of the connection rod. The electrostatic precipitator cell further includes an attachment device(s) for removably attaching the collection plates to the connection rod. The collection plates are held in a substantially parallel orientation on the connection rod by the attachment device(s).

Abstract: A discharge electrode for an electrostatic precipitator has a collar having two oppositely disposed arms extending radially therefrom, with each radially extending arm terminating in a number of tines at its free end. Each tine is pointed and is curved relative to a plane of the oppositely disposed radially extending arms. Adjacent tines of a pair of tines at the end of each arm are oppositely curved relative to the plane of the radially extending arms. The discharge electrode preferably is formed of a single sheet of metal in a single pressing. A number of discharge electrodes are securable to an elongate shaft along its length to form an electrode discharge assembly for an electrostatic precipitator. The discharge electrodes can be secured to the shaft by tack welding.

Abstract: A bow-reduced precipitator collector plate assembly and an appertaining method include a precipitator collector plate that contacts a spring-like stiffening element configured to be attached to a fixed anchor or an adjacent anchoring collector plate. The stiffening element is configured to apply a force in a direction normal to a primary plane, which is generally co-linear but opposite in direction of a direction of bowing, of the precipitator collecting plate.

Abstract: Particle separator having a flow passage for air to be cleaned from electrically charged particles includes at least two electrode element surfaces arranged substantially parallel to each other and at a mutual gap width (d), at least one electrode element surface being designed from a very high ohmic material, preferably with a resistivity corresponding to or higher than antistatic. The particle separator also is intended to be connected to a high voltage source, the second electrode element surface being intended to be connected to the pole of the high voltage source having the lowest absolute potential.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an air purification device including: a first electrode in the shape of a hollow cylinder having both ends open; a second electrode in the shape of a solid needle having a tip end portion of a predetermined length including a pointed tip; a dielectric member covering the second electrode except the tip end portion; and a power supply for applying a high voltage across the two electrodes in order to create a corona discharge, for generating ozone and ion wind. The dielectric material may be of any type of silicone or plastic (including epoxy) as long as it is inexpensive and easy to mold. The dielectric member is, for example, in the shape of a circular flange, providing ease of maintenance and safety measures as well as permitting effective airflow.

Abstract: A precipitation tube bundle for wet electrostatic filters is provided. The precipitation tube bundle consists of a plurality of single-piece precipitation tubes which are held at a distance from each other by an upper support collar, a central guide ring and a lower guide ring. The application is advantageous in that the tube bundle can be produced simply and economically, individual tubes can be replaced and when an electrical breakdown occurs in one of the precipitation tubes, the adjacent tubes are not damaged.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator includes an upright hollow body having a lower smoke inlet and an upper smoke outlet, with a pair of spaced horizontal partitions formed in the hollow body between the inlet and outlet. A set of parallel ducts extends vertically between the partitions, and a pair of distributor frames is arranged in the hollow body, with one of the distributor frames disposed over the ducts and the other of the distributor frames disposed under the ducts. Between the distributor frames is stretched a plurality of wires that extend through respective ducts. Furthermore, each of the distributor frames is formed with a plurality of terminals to be electrically connected to one electrode of a DC high-voltage power supply, but the ducts are adapted to be electrically connected to the other electrode of the DC high-voltage power supply.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable air filtration system for removing contaminants from room air. In one embodiment, the air filtration system includes a power supply and an air blower module electrically connected to the power supply. The air filtration system further includes an ionization module engaged with the air blower module and including a first control grid and a high voltage grid electrically connected to the power supply. The air filtration system further includes a filter module removably engaged with the ionization module. The filter module includes a filter and a second control grid. Engagement of the filter module and the ionization module creates an electrical connection between the second control grid and the power supply. Activation of the air filtration system creates a first ionization field between the high voltage grid and the first control grid and a second ionization field between the high voltage grid and the second control grid.

Abstract: A DC/AC air cleaner for a vehicle includes a chassis having a bottom plate and two side plates formed on two sides of the bottom plate, respectively. An insertion slot is defined in the bottom plate, and two inner plates are mounted between the side plates and configured to define a clamping slot, a positioning slot, and an engaging slot. A lower end of a face plate is held by the insertion slot. A lower end of an activated filtering mesh is held by the clamping slot. A lower end of a static discharger is held by the positioning slot, and the lower end of a fan is held by the engaging slot. An upper cover is provided to retain the upper end of the face plate, upper end of the activated filtering mesh, upper end of the static discharger, and upper end of the fan.

Abstract: An electric discharge wire-holding structure for a wet-type electric dust collector is disclosed. The holding structure is capable of increasing the service life of electric discharge wires by preventing the presence of a minute clearance at the end of the electric discharge wire which is fastened on the electrode bar, thereby providing a continuous path for a flowing current and preventing electric wear due to a potential difference. The holding structure includes a hook provided at the fastened end of an electric discharge wire, and which is fastened on a planar set seat formed on an electrode bar by a set screw.

Abstract: A discharge electrode for electrostatic precipitators has a support composed of an electrically non-conductive material, a fabric composed of crossed and twisted threads and disposed on an exterior of the support, the support having an upper end and a lower end, and further comprising an additional layer of a synthetic elastomer which covers at least one of the ends over a length of 400-600 mm. Also, an electrostatic precipitator for treatment of exhaust gasses containing SO.sub.2, SO.sub.3, HF or HCL is proposed with the new discharge electrode.

Abstract: A simplified electronic air cleaner cell structure having a pair of spaced plastic side support members which provide the entire support for the ionizer elements and collector elements mounted therebetween. Portions of one of the side members are made of an electrically conductive material, and the high voltage ionizer and collector elements are mounted thereto, with electrical interconnections being made between those conductive portions and a power source.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator assembly is disclosed. The assembly includes a tubular collector and an electrode suspended therein. The electrode includes a substantially cylindrical collector portion and a charging portion which includes a rod and a charging disk, wherein the gap between the charging disk and the collector is at least as great as the gap between the collector portion of the electrode and the collector.

Abstract: In an assembly incorporating a suspension device and a rapping mechanism for vertically mounted electrodes of a high-voltage supplied electrostatic precipitator, discharge electrodes (9) are suspended from horizontal frame tubes (8'), which are in turn connected to vertical frame tubes (5) having an upper, rod-shaped portion (12). The portion (12) of each of the frame tubes (5) is mounted in vertically aligned holes (14) in the legs of U-shaped support irons (4) attached to the carrier beams (1), which are in turn suspended from the roof of the precipitator housing via carrier rods (3). The upward facing end surface of the portion (12) serves as an abutment for a drop hammer (13) which causes rapping of the electrodes.

Abstract: A first recess for detachably mounting an ionizer therethrough is formed to oppose a dust-collecting air suction side of a precipitator machine body. The ionizer includes an ionizing wire unit having an ionizing wire, and a counterelectrode plate, which can be detachably assembled. A second recess for detachably mounting a dust collector therethrough is formed to oppose a dust-collecting air discharge side of the precipitator body. The dust collector captures and collects dust particles, charged by the ionizer, with a Coulomb force. The ionizer and dust collector are simultaneously electrically connected to the body when they are mounted on the corresponding recesses.

Abstract: Recording paper for use in, for example, an electrostatic recording system, comprising an electrically conductive base layer, a photoconductive or dielectric recording layer disposed on one surface of the base layer, and a heat-sensitive bonding layer disposed on the other surface of the base layer. The bonding layer is non-tacky at normal temperature, and it develops tackiness when heated after a recording has been made on the recording paper.

Abstract: A large area integrated solid-state flat panel display is detailed in which thin film transistor addressing and drive circuitry is provided at each individual picture point with a display medium. The preferred display medium is an electroluminescent phosphor layer. An insulating layer of laminated photoresist is disposed over all electrical circuit elements except the electroluminescent drive electrodes.

Abstract: A photograpic element having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for mounting of the element as desired, is protected by an ethylene polymer layer having a defined melt index and applied thereto by extrusion, with or without included antioxidant, at temperatures above 450.degree. F. As a consequence of the defined extrusion conditions, the protective ethylene polymer layer can be applied to form the element at high line speeds, and, when subsequently desired, peeled from the adhesive layer to which it is adhered by a force not exceeding 400 grams as defined. Ethylene polymers that are employed include polyethylene, and copolymers of ethylene with other monomers.

Abstract: The method of this invention forms a laminate of a coversheet, a photoresist film, a substrate and a soft absorbent backup sheet. A solvent or softening agent that will reduce the tear strength of the film is applied to the backup sheet. This weakens the photoresist surrounding the substrate. As the backup sheet is peeled away from the substrate, the weakened photoresist is pulled away with it and is torn or trimmed along the edges of the substrate. This facilitates precise and accurate trimming which is particularly useful on small fragile, irregular shaped substrates. The substrate may then be processed by exposure, development and the like.

Abstract: The process of this invention applies a photoresist film to a preimaged patterned relief substrate wherein the height of the relief image is at least 0.00004 inch (0.001 mm) and the thickness of the photoresist film is at least one third the thickness of the relief image height. Prior to the application of the photoresist film, the patterned relief substrate is flooded with a swelling agent for the photoresist, the depth of flooding being at least to cover the relief height. The process can occur at room temperature.

Abstract: A recording material comprising a support, a layer of a light-sensitive composition on the support, and a transparent film on the layer of the light-sensitive composition wherein the light-sensitive composition comprises (a) a monomer containing at least two addition polymerizable unsaturated bonds and having a boiling point of at least 100.degree. C, (b) polyvinyl butyral, and (c) a photopolymerization initiator represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group which may be substituted or a vinyl-methyl group, R.sub.2 is an alkyl group, aryl group, or thienyl group, and Z is a group of non-metallic atoms required for forming a heterocyclic ring.After the recording material is imagewise exposed to light, the transparent film is peeled off while heating at about 70.degree. to 150.degree. C, whereby a positive or negative image is formed on each of the support and transparent film.

Abstract: In a photographic monosheet material for the dye diffusion transfer process a temporary bond is adjusted between a first layer and a second layer by placing between said layers another layer of a graft polymer which is obtained by grafting a monomer containing double bonds capable of radical polymerization onto a hydrophilic linear basis polymer. The two layers are firmly bonded to each other but are easily separated, when the processing liquid is forced between them.

Abstract: A film for use in Lippmann photography is formed with a photosensitive emulsion on a transparent base and a separable reflective layer adhering to the emulsion. This separable layer may be a reflective coating carried by a soluble coating, or both soluble and insoluble coatings, or may be a reflective coating of a normally liquid metal which adheres to the emulsion and is readily separated by solvent or reactant.

Abstract: A photographic assemblage is formed by a plurality of backing strips interconnected by a continuous sealing strip. In each assemblage, the backing strips carry a selected photographic medium, such as a strip of film or a layer of photodeveloping material. The sealing strip is attached to each backing strip at spaced apart points to cover over the photographic medium thereon, and may be peeled therefrom to dispense one of the backing strips. Several embodiments of cassette type magazines for the assemblages are disclosed. Photographic apparatus for use with the assemblages and cassettes is disclosed which is selectively operable to dispense backing strips carrying film one at a time from one assemblage, expose each frame of the film and develop the film by dispensing a backing strip carrying photodeveloper and moving it into aligned contact with the film. The film may be removed from the photograhic apparatus once developed.

Abstract: A combination of improved coatability of a coating composition onto an anionic surfactant-containing contiguous layer of a radiation-sensitive or non-radiation sensitive film element, plus better control of static electricity on the resulting coated film element, especially on a radiation sensitive photographic element, results from using a coating composition containing a surfactant mixture of (a) a certain type of cationic perfluorinated alkyl surfactant, such as perfluorooctylsulfonamido-(N-propyl-3-N,N,N-trimethyl) ammonium iodide, with (b) a certain type of nonionic alkylphenoxypoly(propylene oxide) surfactant, such as para-isononylphenoxy decaglycidol, as a coating aid in the application of fluid coatings, preferably by simultaneous coating techniques, to form multiple layers in an element during the making of the element. The presence of a hydrophilic polymeric binder, such as gelatin, in the coating composition is desirable.

Abstract: A novel photosensitive member is disclosed which is suitable for the formation of images on the exterior surfaces of structures such as buildings and ships which comprises a combination of a substrate member and photosensitive layer with both opaque and adhesive layers to provide for attachment of the member to the surface of the structure as well as the imaging thereof under outdoor conditions.

Abstract: Plastic pigment spheric particles which form a matrix for diazotype reproduction materials are applied to a base sheet. Whether the diazo sensitizing solution is included in admixture with spheric plastic pigment particles or is applied thereafter as a second coating, a matrix is formed having a sensitized diazo layer dispersed throughout. Such diazo matrices permit control of contrast ratios over a wide range. Also such diazo matrices are transferable. The diazo matrix image can be made water fast by an after treatment by means of a solvent. Such a matrix lends itself to the heat development process by retaining the heat generated development agents within the matrix due to its thermoplastic character. In another aspect of the invention multi-color diazo reproduction on a single base sheet employing consecutive overcoatings of the matrix and diazo sensitizing solution after each development can be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for transferring a previously formed image onto an image-forming member. The process of the invention comprises forming a positive image on a releasable image-forming layer from a negative image by the dye transfer method or the inversion method, followed by releasing and transferring only the said image-forming layer onto the above-mentioned image-forming member by means of, for example, heat, pressure or electron beam.

Abstract: A printing plate having halftones and lines is produced by exposing a photosensitive printing plate material comprising a support having an oleophilic surface, a hydrophilic layer formed thereon and a layer of a direct positive-type photosensitive silver halide emulsion formed on top of the hydrophilic layer through a positive original, developing the exposed material to form a silver image in the emulsion layer, subjecting the developed material to an etch bleaching treatment to remove the hydrophilic layer at portions corresponding to the silver image and to reveal the oleophilic surface, and removing the emulsion layer at a portion on which the silver image is not formed, thereby to reveal said hydrophilic layer. The printing plate can given a number of good quality impressions from the outset of printing, and smeared impressions do not result during continued printing operation.

Abstract: A positive and negative developable photosensitive composition including a photopolymerizable monomer, photoinitiator, and a blend of polymers, one an acid soluble amino containing polymer, the other a compatible, acid insoluble, film-forming, polymer. The composition, which can be developed positively with dilute aqueous acid or negatively with dilute base, is useful in silk screen printing and as a photoresist composition in general.

Abstract: light-sensitive vesicular imaging materials, suitable for the production of labels, etc., comprise a light-sensitive vesicular imaging layer applied to one surface of a self-supporting plastics sheet or film preferably a polyester film, e.g., an oriented and heat-set film of polyethylene terephthalate, said light-sensitive vesicular imaging layer comprising a polymeric vehicle having uniformly dispersed therein a sensitizing agent which releases a vesicle-forming gas upon exposure to light and may comprise a nitrogent-liberating diazonium salt, said polymeric vehicle comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a nitrogent permeability constant (as defined in the specification) in the range 1 .times. 10.sup.-15 to 1 .times. 10.sup.-10 and being softenable upon heating above ambient temperature to permit the gas released by the sensitizing agent in the light-struck areas to form light-scattering or reflecting vesicles therein, e.g.

Abstract: light-sensitive vesicular imaging materials, suitable for the production of labels, etc., comprise a light-sensitive vesicular imaging layer applied to one surface of an opaque self-supporting plastics sheet or film, preferably a polyester film, e.g., an oriented and heat-set film of polyethylene terephthalate, said light-sensitive vesicular imaging layer comprising a polymeric vehicle having uniformly dispersed therein a sensitizing agent which releases a vesicle-forming gas upon exposure to light and may comprise a nitrogen-liberating diazonium salt, said polymeric vehicle comprising a thermoplastic polymer having a nitrogent permeability constant (as defined in the specification) in the range of 1 .times. 10.sup.-15 to 1 .times. 10.sup.-10 and being softenable upon heading above ambient temperature to permit the gas released by the sensitizing agent in the light-struck areas to form light scattering or reflecting vesicles therein, and an adhesive layer applied to the other surface of the sheet or film.