By Absorption; By Adsorption; By Ion Exchange [g21f-9/12] Patents (Class 976/DIG383)
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Patent number: 5926772Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1997Date of Patent: July 20, 1999Assignee: Brookhaven Science Associates LLCInventors: Paul D. Kalb, Peter Colombo
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Patent number: 5863439Abstract: A process for preconcentrating and separating radium from a contaminated solution containing at least water and radium includes the steps of adding a quantity of a water-soluble macrocyclic polyether to the contaminated solution to form a combined solution. An acid is added to the combined solution to form an acidic combined solution having an ?H.sup.+ ! concentration of about 0.5M. The acidic combined solution is contacted with a sulfonic acid-based strong acid cation exchange medium or a organophilic sulfonic acid medium having a plurality of binding sites thereon to bind the radium thereto and to form a radium-depleted solution. The radium-depleted solution is separated from the strong acid cation exchange medium or organophilic sulfonic acid medium. The radium remaining bound to the exchange medium or organophilic reagent is then stripped from the exchange medium or organophilic medium and the activity of the radium is measured.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1997Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: Arch Development CorporationInventors: Mark Dietz, E. Philip Horwitz, Renato Chiarizia, Richard A. Bartsch
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Patent number: 5732364Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1997Date of Patent: March 24, 1998Assignee: Associated Universities, Inc.Inventors: Paul D. Kalb, Peter Colombo
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Patent number: 5649323Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1995Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Inventors: Paul D. Kalb, Peter Colombo
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Patent number: 5545798Abstract: A practical method is described for preparation of radioactive ion-exchange resin for its disposal after the ion-exchange resin has become radioactive in the process of decontaminating radioactive water. Substantially nonradioactive material, which has been derived from the radioactive ion-exchange resin can be disposed of conventionally. The concentration allows corollary reduction of the volume of radioactive waste which must be handled in very costly ways. The radioactive ion-exchange resin and materials that react with the radioactive decaying atoms are heated under controlled atmospheres to (i) form nonvolatile chemicals that hold the decaying atoms, and (ii) under controlled conditions, depolymerize, vaporize, pyrolize, and otherwise decompose and remove nonradioactive components of the ion-exchange resin from the radioactive decaying atoms.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 1994Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Inventor: Guy R. B. Elliott
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Patent number: 5540843Abstract: A method of preferential removal of cesium cations from aqueous solutions containing other inorganic cations. Deltahaedral heteroborane anions are added to the solution to form a salt with the cesium cations which then precipitates from the solution. The remaining dissolved Cs-deltahaedral heteroborane anion salt is then quantitatively sorbed on active charcoal to remove it from the solution.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1995Date of Patent: July 30, 1996Inventors: Jaromir Plesek, Stanislav Hermanek, Pavel Selucky, Robert E. Williams
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Patent number: 5481064Abstract: A method is disclosed for solidification of waste fluids such as used antifreeze solutions, thereby facilitating disposal of said waste fluids. The method is applicable to aqueous waste fluids, which may be formed by addition of appropriate amounts of water, if necessary, to the original waste fluids. The method comprises mixing an ion adsorption agent with the aqueous waste fluid, followed by addition of a water-absorbent acrylic polymer material. Following agitation or stirring of the aqueous waste fluid/ion adsorption agent/water-absorbent polymer mixture, solidification is achieved. The solidified mixture is readily handled for disposal such as by incineration.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1994Date of Patent: January 2, 1996Assignee: Sanko Motor Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kohei Kato, Tohru Yoshioka
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Patent number: 5476989Abstract: An adsorbent useful for the adsorption of radioactive nuclides which comprises fibrous active carbon having a specific surface area of 1,000 m.sup.2 /g or more and an equilibrium moisture regain of 10% or more at a relative humidity of 45%; and a process for the volume-reduction treatment of radioactive liquid waste which comprises subjecting radioactive liquid waste containing radioactive nuclides to an adsorption treatment using an adsorbent comprising fibrous active carbon having a specific surface area of 1,000 m.sup.2 /g or more, and subsequently subjecting the spent adsorbent to an incineration treatment at a temperature which is equal to or higher than the ignition point of the fibrous active carbon.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1993Date of Patent: December 19, 1995Assignees: Unitika Ltd., Japan Atomic Energy Research InstituteInventors: Takeo Mimori, Kazutoshi Miyajima, Kouichi Nemoto, Takeshi Nakano, Hirotaka Masui, Tadahiro Mori, Hideki Takahashi
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Patent number: 5296203Abstract: A process for selective separation of niobium from proton irradiated molybdenum targets is provided and includes dissolving the molybdenum target in a hydrogen peroxide solution to form a first ion-containing solution, contacting the first ion-containing solution with a cationic resin whereby ions selected form the group consisting of molybdenum, biobium, technetium, selenium, vanadium, arsenic, germanium, zirconium and rubidium remain in a second ion-containing solution while ions selected from the group consisting of rubidium, zinc, beryllium, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, strontium, yttrium and zirconium are selectively adsorbed by the cationic resin; adjusting the pH of the second ion-containing solution to within a range of from about 5.0 to about 6.0; contacting the pH adjusting second ion-containing solution with a dextran-based material for a time to selectively separate niobium from the solution and recovering the niobium from the dextran-based material.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1993Date of Patent: March 22, 1994Assignee: The United States of America as represented by United States Department of EnergyInventors: Dennis R. Phillips, David J. Jamriska, Sr., Virginia T. Hamilton