Abstract: A BD-ROM contains a plurality of titles which can be branched among, and a Java application. The Java application is a program described in a programming language for a virtual machine. A life cycle where execution by the virtual machine is enabled is predetermined. Each of the titles contains an application management table indicates an application that has a life cycle bound to the title.

Abstract: Content information (CI) is recorded, and then control information including an encryption key is recorded. The area in which the content information (CI) is written is shifted with respect to the user area (UIA) in a playback-only disc. The control information (SI) is written with an identical shift. As a result of the shift, content information (CI) or dummy data (DD) is written in the area (SIA) in which control information is recorded in a playback-only disc. Information indicating the value of the shift is selected randomly and deleted when the disc is removed from the recording apparatus. When encrypted content is downloaded and recorded on a recordable optical disc, the complete content can be recorded on the disc correctly just once.

Abstract: An information recording medium 1 at least comprises a substrate 13 having a microscopic pattern 20, which is constituted by a shape of continuous substance of approximately parallel grooves formed with a groove section G and a land section L alternately, a recording layer 12 formed on the microscopic pattern 20 and a light transmission layer 11 formed on the recording layer. The microscopic pattern 20 is formed so as to satisfy a relation of P<?<NA and a thickness of the light transmission layer 11 is within a range of 0.07 to 0.12 mm, wherein P is a pitch of the groove section G or the land section L, ? is a wavelength of reproducing light beam and NA is a numerical aperture of an objective lens. Further, there provided an information recording medium, which is improved in cross erase and recorded in high density, and a reproducing apparatus and a recording apparatus for the information recording medium.

Abstract: An optical head 12 reproduces information recorded on an optical disc 11, a BCA detector 21 and a medium discriminating circuit 22 acquire waveform distortion information for specifying a waveform distortion of a reproduction signal reproduced by the optical head 12, and a variable waveform equalizer 16 changes a parameter used in a distortion reduction processing for reducing the waveform distortion of the reproduction signal based on the waveform distortion information.

Abstract: The optical storage medium comprises a substrate layer, a data layer with a mark/space structure arranged in tracks on the substrate layer, and a cover layer. One track comprises positive marks and a neighboring track comprises negative marks. The tracks are arranged in particular as spirals wherein one spiral contains a track with only positive marks and a neighboring spiral contains a track with only negative marks. The positive marks of a track and correspondingly the negative marks of a track are separated each by spaces. The optical storage medium is particularly a read-only optical disc and comprises a mask layer with a super resolution near field structure, wherein the tracks of the data layer are arranged as two spirals, one spiral consisting of positive marks only and the other spiral consisting of negative marks only.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, this invention determines whether a maximum value Hmax and minimum value Hmin of an HF signal obtained when a data recording portion is irradiated with a laser having a wavelength of 450 nm or less and an NA of 0.6 or more meet (Hmax?Hmin)/Hmax<0.13 . . . (1), or whether a maximum value Hmax, a minimum value Hmin, and a most frequent voltage value Have of a signal level of an HF signal obtained when a data recording portion is irradiated with a laser having a wavelength of 450 nm or less and an NA of 0.6 or more meet Hmax/Have?1.05 . . . (2) and Hmin/Have?0.90 . . . (3).

Abstract: An optical disk structure and optical disk recorder which enables data to be re-written onto the recording layer of the optical disk. A clock reference structure is permanently formed along servo tracks of the optical disk. An optical transducer is coupled to the clock reference structure and generates a clock reference signal simultaneously with writing new data onto the recording layer of the optical disk. The data is written as data marks along the servo tracks. Each of the data marks includes edges. The edges of the data marks are recorded in synchronization with a write clock. The write clock is phase-locked with the clock reference signal. Therefore, the edges of the data marks are aligned with the clock reference structure with sub-bit accuracy. Standard DVD-ROM disk readers are not able to detect the high spatial frequency of the clock reference structure.

Abstract: A disclosed multilayer optical information medium includes three or more information layers. Address information indicating positions in each of the information layers is recorded in a helical manner. The information layers comprise at least one I to O layer in which values representing addresses in the address information increase from an inner perimeter section toward an outer perimeter section, and at least one O to I layer in which the values representing the addresses in the address information increase from the outer perimeter section toward the inner perimeter section. All of the I to O layers have substantially the same address information and all of the O to I layers have substantially the same address information. Layer specifying information specifying the information layer is attached to the address information.

Abstract: There are provided at least a first information storage area 20A and a second information storage area 40A. The first information storage area 20A contains, in advance, an OS or mpeg data. The second information storage area 40A is either write-once or rewriteable and available for writing OS update information or movie correction information. The configuration enables easy backup and restoration of software, content, and various information including update information for use by the software and content with reduced user time and workload.

Abstract: There are provided an information storage medium capable of real-time recording/playback of digital moving picture information, and a digital information recording/playback system using this medium. In a medium that records/plays back data including video data and control information, the control information (DA21 in FIG. 4; RTR_VMG in FIG. 30) includes information (VOBU entry in FIG. 31) for accessing a specific portion (VOBU) of the video data.

Abstract: A detector is scanned across an optical storage medium having groove tracks and land tracks, each track having a wobble structure, to detect light reflected from the optical storage medium. A wobble signal and a tracking error signal are generated based on an output of the detector, and the wobble signal is sampled according to the tracking error signal. A determination about whether the detector is at the groove track or the land track is made based on the tracking error signal and a comparison of sampled values of the wobble signal.

Abstract: According to the present invention, the size of defect management information is reduced by using a top spare area 102 and middle spare areas 103 in the ascending order of their physical block addresses and spare areas can be expanded more easily by using only the last spare area 104 in the descending order of its physical block addresses.

Abstract: The present techniques provide systems and methods for modulation coding of data on optical disks, such as holographic data disks, and techniques for reading that data back from the disks. The techniques involve parsing a bit stream into a sequence of individual bit-patterns, and then using the individual bit patterns to select a symbol, or matrix, from a lookup table of previously selected matrices. The symbols are selected according to predetermined criteria that may help make the disk more resistant to interferences and errors, such as surface scratches, and the like. For example, criteria that may be used to select the symbols are the number of reflective and non-reflective regions within each matrix, and the number of sequential reflective regions, among others. The symbols may be written to the disk in a two-dimensional fashion, e.g., across adjacent tracks, or in a three-dimensional fashion, e.g., across adjacent data layers.

Abstract: In a recording medium (1), read information is calculated with additional information as a coefficient and superior in quality to basic information. Namely, the read information contains a larger amount of information than the basic information. So, even if it is tried to record the read information as it is to any other recording medium, the recording medium should be a one having a sufficiently large capacity for storage of the read information. Thus, copy of recorded data in the recording medium (1) to any other recording medium is highly difficult.

Abstract: An information recording medium having at least a read only area and a recording and reproducing area is composed of at least: a substrate; a recording layer formed on the substrate so as to record and reproduce information; and a light transmission layer having transparency formed on the recording layer. The information recording medium is further characterized in that a wobbling groove corresponding to the read only area and another wobbling groove corresponding to the recording and reproducing area is formed on the substrate without overlapping with each other, the recording and light transmitting layers are continuously adhered over at least two areas of the read only area and the recording and reproducing area, reflectivity of the recording layer is more than 5%, and a push-pull signal output T3 reproduced from the read only area and another push-pull signal output T4 reproduced from the recording and reproducing area before recording satisfies relations of T3?0.1, T4?0.1 and 1.5?T3/T4?0.5.

Abstract: An information storage medium and a recording/reproducing apparatus and method are provided with the ability to extend at least one middle area of an information storage medium comprising two or more recording layers so as to ensure optimal data recording/reproduction. The information storage medium comprises a plurality of recording layers, each including a user data area for recording user data and at least one middle area used by a recording/reproducing apparatus that records/reproduces data on the information storage medium to move among two recording layers, wherein the at least one middle area is extended when the information storage medium is finalized. As a result, when an information storage medium that contains an OPC area for obtaining optimum recording conditions (such as recording power) in an outer circumference thereof is finalized, and if a middle area of the disk is not large enough, the middle area can flexibly be extended.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the present principles, a Blu-ray disc is described. The Blu-ray disc has a structure including a substrate having one of either a Compact Dics data layer and a DVD data layer along with a Blu-ray data layer. The Blu-ray discs of the present invention advantageously use Compact Discs (or DVDs) that are due to be scrapped or recycled as donor substrates for new Blu-ray discs, thereby saving polycarbonate material and eliminating the need to purchase injection molding equipment to manufacture Blu-ray discs.

Abstract: An optical disc (100) from which a plurality of pieces of information recorded along a track (9) by irradiating light that moves above the track relatively are reproduced in parallel. The optical disc has a disc substrate (1), and a recording layer (2) formed thereon. On the recording layer, a track is defined concentrically and two pit rows for carrying the plurality of pieces of information independently from each other are arranged along the track on the opposite sides thereof. At a specific position where the two pit rows are in a predetermined mutual relation and the plurality of pieces of information read out by irradiating light cannot be distinguished, at least one of two pit rows is shifted by a predetermined distance in the radial direction of the disc substrate by having the track as reference. Consequently, recording capacity can be increased relatively easily.

Abstract: An information recording medium according to the present invention includes a track on which a data sequence including a plurality of recording marks and a plurality of spaces provided between the plurality of recording marks is recordable; and a recording condition recording area in which a recording condition for recording the data sequence on the track is recordable.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for sector address mark detection. As an example, data detection systems are disclosed that include a sector address mark detection circuit and a sector address mark quality detection circuit. The sector address mark detection circuit receives a data stream and identifies a sector address mark in the data stream. The sector address mark quality detection circuit receives a first sample and a second sample from the data stream corresponding to the sector address mark, and determines a quality of the sector address mark based at least in part on the first sample and the second sample. In various cases, one or more of the samples of the sector address mark up to all of the samples of the sector address mark may be used.

Abstract: A super resolution medium (1) is provided with an information signal region (11) where a content, such as a video or audio content, is recorded and a test read region (12) where reproduction setting value adjustment information is recorded for adjusting a setting value for reproduction. A shortest mark length on a first prepit row formed in the information signal region (11) is shorter than a length of an optical system resolution limit of a playback apparatus. The types of mark lengths, recorded in the test read region (12), on the second prepit row for adjusting the setting value are the same as part or all types of mark lengths on the first prepit row. Further, the second prepit row includes a prepit having a mark length shorter than the length of the optical system resolution limit of the payback apparatus. Still further, each of the first and second prepit rows has at least three types of mark lengths.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the first light reflecting layer is smaller than the thickness of the second light reflecting layer.

Abstract: Optical disc arrays containing optical discs, disc drive devices, and a disc array controller are disclosed. The optical discs are suitable for archiving, unlike conventional media used in RAID or other array systems.

Abstract: In an optical disk including at least a rewritable phase change material and comprising a recording layer having a reflectivity of more than 15%, an address output value as an address pit signal component occupying in a reproduced signal in a non recording state is prescribed to be 0.18 though 0.27 or a numerical aperture of an address pit signal occupying in a reproduced signal in a non recording state is prescribed to be more than 0.3.

Abstract: Plural grooves or lands formed in an information recording carrier include at least a wobbling region and data is recorded wobblingly in this wobbling region by phase shift modulation while recorded digitally with a single or multiple waves as a channel bit.

Abstract: Plural grooves or lands formed in an information recording carrier include at least a wobbling region and data is recorded wobblingly in this wobbling region by phase shift modulation while recorded digitally with a single or multiple waves as a channel bit.

Abstract: An optical disc includes a round opening at the center of the optical disc, an annular recording section configured to record information, an annular supporting section between the round opening and the annular recording section and configured to support the optical disc, and a spoiler provided on a non-read/write side of the annular recording section and configured to disturb the flow field inside the optical disc drive when the optical disc is rotating, the spoiler having a centerline average roughness between 2 ?m and 10 ?m, a thickness between 0.02 mm and 0.05 mm, an area occupying at least 5% of the non-read/write side. The flow field so disturbed changes from a laminar state to a turbulent state and thus the read/write characteristics of the disc is improved due to lower air resistance experienced by the rotating disc.

Abstract: An information recording medium is at least composed of a substrate having a microscopic pattern constituted by a continuous substrate of grooves formed with a groove portion and a land portion alternately, a recording layer formed on the microscopic pattern for recording information, and a light transmitting layer formed on the recording layer. The microscopic pattern is formed with satisfying a relation of P??/NA, wherein P is a pitch of the land portion or the groove portion, ? is a wavelength of reproducing light for reproducing the recording layer, and NA is a numerical aperture of an objective lens. The land portion is formed with wobbling so as to be parallel with each other for both sidewalls of the land portion. An auxiliary information based on data used supplementally when recording the information and a reference clock based on a clock used for controlling a recording speed when recording the information is recorded alternately.

Abstract: In response to the trend toward the increase in the number of data layers of optical discs, the invention provides a data erasure method and its optical disc apparatus that enable faster data erasures with a simpler configuration. Test erasures are performed on the test areas T of data layers of an optical disc while the power level Pe of data erasure laser light and the defocus amount ?f of the data erasure laser light from a target data layer are changed. Based on the results of the test erasures, the optimal erasure condition that enables a simultaneous data erasure from the greatest number of data layers is determined. Based on the determined optimal erasure condition, then, the optimal erasure sequence that enables data erasure from all of the data layers with the fewest number of times is determined.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reading a storage medium is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of emitters configured to emit a radiant energy at a predetermined optical wavelength, a plurality of detectors configured to detect the radiant energy at the predetermined optical wavelength, and a storage medium holder configured to hold the storage medium between the plurality of emitters and the plurality of detectors. A first detector is configured to detect radiant energy which is emitted by a first emitter through data holes of a first track of the storage medium, and a second detector is configured to detect radiant energy which is emitted by a second emitter through data holes of a second track of the storage medium.

Abstract: A record carrier is described comprising a zone with a visually detectable pattern composed of pattern elements arranged along at least one track. The pattern elements comprise a marked zone having an optical property deviating from a background, the marked zones having a width Wm transverse to the track direction and a length Lm along the track direction, wherein at least two or more pattern elements have a marked zone with a mutually different width Wm. In this way, an increased visibility of the visual pattern is achieved. Likewise a method and an apparatus for recording an optical record carrier is included.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of reading an image data from an optical record carrier with a visually detectable pattern comprising a visually detectable pattern of pixels comprising at least one pattern element comprising an area of size s1 with a relatively low value v1 for an optical property and an area with size s2 with a relatively high value v2 for said optical property, wherein the data representative for a structure of the visually detectable pattern is embedded by variations in one or more of the parameters s1, v1, s2, v2 of the pattern elements. The method comprising the steps of scanning the visually detectable pattern and generating a detection signal representative for a visual property of the pattern as a function of position, retrieving the image data from the signal, retrieving an embedded data from the signal, generating an address data using said embedded data, storing image data values at addresses indicated by said address data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a high-density recording medium and a method and apparatus for controlling data playback thereof. Playback control information, such as channel bit length information, is recorded in a burst cutting area (BCA) of a high-density optical disc in a wobble type. When the high-density optical disc is reproduced, the playback control information is detected in a push-pull signal detection mode and the optimum data playback operation corresponding to the recording capacity of the optical disc is performed on the basis of the detected playback control information. Alternatively, bit error rates (BERs) are calculated while a plurality of predetermined bit detection modes are sequentially performed, one of the bit detection modes corresponding to the smallest one of the calculated BERs is selected and the data playback operation is performed in the selected bit detection mode.

Abstract: A disk has a plurality of recording layers in a laminated direction. When a defect occurs in any one of recording layers during disk manufacture, information about the defect is recorded in a read-only region in the recording layer. An optical disk apparatus determines which of the recording layers is usable based on the information about the defect read from the disk, and executes a recording/reproducing operation according to a determination result. Therefore, even when a disk with a defect in the recording layer is used, that disk may be offered to a user as an appropriately usable disk.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium includes a recording layer in which a track is formed, the track having recording marks linearly arranged thereon. Each recording mark has a dimension corresponding to a reference mark length, which serves as a reference, in a track direction along which the track extends, the dimension being smaller than dimensions of the recording mark in two directions perpendicular to the track direction.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical disk that enables high-speed reproduction of address signals. A wobble address system for optical disk supports various types of synchronization, such as phase synchronization, bit synchronization, word synchronization, etc., to be established easily with high detection reliability with the use of an self-orthogonal code. Thus, the invention provides a method for easily synchronizing an address signal, i.e., high-speed reproduction of the address signal. Further, by virtue of an efficient modulation system of the address signal and redundancy thereof, it becomes possible to detect address information with high reliability. This capability is particularly effective in optical recording/reproduction with a blue light source whose signal light quantity and reproduction quality are prone to reduce.

Abstract: An information storage medium according to the present invention has n information storage layers (where n is an integer and n?3), on which data can be written with a laser beam and which are stacked one upon the other. Each of the n storage layers has a test write zone for determining the recording power of the laser beam. When those n layers are counted from the one that is located most distant from the surface of the medium on which the laser beam is incident, there is a bigger radial location difference between the outer peripheral end of the inner one of the test write zones of ith and (i+1)th information storage layers (where i is an integer that satisfies 2?i?n?1) and the inner peripheral end of the other outer test write zone than between the outer peripheral end of the inner one of the test write zones of jth and (j+1)th information storage layers (where j is an integer that satisfies 1?j?i?1) and the inner peripheral end of the other outer test write zone.

Abstract: A silver-based alloy thin film is provided for the highly reflective or semi-reflective coating layer of optical discs. Elements that can be added to silver to produce useful silver alloys include zinc, aluminum, copper, manganese, germanium, yttrium, bismuth, scandium, and cobalt. These alloys have moderate to high reflectivity and reasonable corrosion resistance in the ambient environment.

Abstract: Stable focus servo and tracking servo are realized in an information recording medium having a plurality of recording regions having different track pitches and groove shapes.

Abstract: Provided is a recordable optical recording medium that comprises a substrate, a recording layer, and a reflective layer, wherein the recording layer and the reflective layer are formed on the substrate, the recording layer is formed of an inorganic material, and information is recorded on the recordable optical recording medium by use of an irreversible change at the recording layer caused by irradiating blue laser light.

Abstract: A recording medium, such as a high-density and/or read-only recording medium including a data area including at least two data sections and a linking area to link neighboring data sections, the linking area including user data and parity data, and to methods and apparatuses for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium.

Abstract: An information reproducing apparatus has a medium with a linear tracking mark extending in a scanning direction and a linear data mark extending in a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction. A light control unit irradiates the data mark with a first near-field light polarized in the scanning direction and irradiates the tracking mark with a second near-field light polarized in the direction orthogonal to the scanning direction. A detector detects light scattered by the data mark and the tracking mark irradiated with the first near-field light and the second near-field light, respectively. A signal processing unit processes a first output signal from the detector corresponding to the detected light scattered by the data mark and processes a second output signal from the detector corresponding to the detected light scattered by the tracking mark.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to an optical information recording medium comprising a recording layer on a surface of a support, wherein the surface of the support has pregrooves with a track pitch ranging from 50 to 500 nm, the recording layer comprises an azo metal complex dye in the form of a complex of at least one azo dye denoted by general formula (1) and at least one metal ion: wherein, in general formula (1), Q1 denotes an atom group forming a ring with two adjacent carbon atoms and a carbon atom bonded to —N?N-group, G1 denotes a heterocyclic group or carbocyclic group, and R1 denotes an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus for converting a groove/land polarity on an optical medium, which comprises a physical identification (PID) detector detecting a first sector into a first PID value, a sector information unit providing an information including a second PID value indicative of either a second sector or at least one reference groove/land changing point, a sector counter counting a first value whose an initiation is set by the sector information unit based on the information and/or the PID detector based on the first PID value, and a comparing unit determining at least one oncoming groove/land changing points, based on when the first value approaches a second value either predetermined in or generated by the sector information unit according to said information.

Abstract: An optical disc (100) is provided with a recording region where prescribed clock information (WBL) is preformatted for recording. The clock information is (i) included in a first frequency band that is definable by a first reference frequency (Fstd) (that is impossible for a conventional reproducing device to detect by a detecting method based on a self-correlation) and is (ii) defined by a frequency that is integer times the first frequency.

Abstract: This invention directs to an optical disc assembly configured to receive an analyte which can be detected by a standard optical disc reader or an optical disc reader modified therefrom. The optical disc assembly may preferably be designed so that the optical disc reader can track the disc and detect the analyte concurrently and discriminably. The optical disc assembly contains or encodes optically readable features which are trackable by the optical disc reader and which have encoded speed information enabling the optical disc reader to rotate the optical disc assembly at a determinable speed. The optical disc assembly also includes an analyte section capable of receiving the analyte that can be detected by the optical disc reader.

Abstract: A multi-layered recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording data in the recording medium are disclosed. A multi-layered recording medium, each of which includes an inner area, a data area, and an outer area, includes: first layer having at least a test area assigned to the inner area; and second layer having at least a management area assigned to the inner area, wherein the test area in the first layer is not physically located at the same location as the management area assigned to the second layer adjacent to the first layer with respect to an incident beam.

Abstract: An optical data carrier is presented comprising first and second recordable media located in at least one first portion and at least one second portion of the data carrier, respectively. These first and second recordable media differ from each other in a storage capacity and a data recording rate.

Abstract: An information recording medium in which bottoms of a guide groove and a pit array formed on a disc substrate are allocated on a same flat plane and shaped in flat. Further, in a transition area from a pit array to a guide groove or from a guide groove to a pit array, the information recording medium is provided with an intermediate area composed of a pit array of which height changes from a height between a bottom and a side of a groove to another height between the bottom and a side of the pit array.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium, which has recording layers that include substrates of the same thickness and that correspond to laser light at two difference wavelength, has excellent compatibility. An optical disk, in which recoding or reproduction is performed from one plane through the substrate, has two recoding layers, and the recording density of a first layer is different from the recording density of a second layer. First recording layer 101 and second recording layer 102 are stacked on substrate 1. The laser beam for recording or reproduction is incident through substrate 1. Structurally, the disk is formed by laminating two recording layers on the side opposite to the laser beam incident side. Intermediate layer 103 which is transparent to a second laser beam is formed between the first and second layers. Laser beam with different wavelengths is used to record or reproduce the first and second layers.