Abstract: The compound 8-chloroadenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts are used to treat malignant tumors in afflicted hosts.

Abstract: The invention discloses a composition and method for the enhancement of polyguanide based water sanitizing systems and for conversion of such systems to alternative water sanitizing systems if desired. The method includes the addition of an enhancing or conversion agent selected from the group consisting of a halogen salt, a Bromohydantoin and a chlorobromohydantoin in an amount to provide a concentration of approximately from 1 to 50 parts per million. Sodium borate and/or polyphosphate may also be added to the system to improve the effectiveness of the enhancing agent. The system may be converted to an alternative water sanitizing system by the addition of a sanitizing agent selected from the group consisting of chlorine, copper, silver, quaternary ammonium compounds, and polyquaternary ammonium compounds, which may be released into the water at a rate of 0.01 to 1 ounces per hour per 10,000 gallons of water for a period until conversion is complete.

Abstract: Batteries are charged using sequences of charge and discharge pulses in which a controller adjusts charge rate and/or terminates the charge process based on measurements taken during the preceding charge cycle and an internally computed algorithmic logic equation to optimize the charge cycle for the battery being charged. A preferred embodiment utilizes six sense parameters, three of which are 1.sup.st order (V.sub.ps, V.sub.load and V.sub.unload)and three of which are 2.sup.nd order (V'.sub.ps, V'.sub.load and V'.sub.unload). The charging scheme is applicable to batteries of many different types, including lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, and nickel-metal-hydride), and requires neither input of battery type nor instrumentation of the battery.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided which increase the cellular uptake of bioactive materials by covalently bonding such compounds to carbohydrate moieties through chemical linkers using other than glycosidic bonds. Numerous carbohydrates, linkers and bioactive materials can be joined in this way to form novel compositions, which are collectively referred to herein as glinkosides. Preferred glinkosides are preferentially taken up by glucose receptor and/or other cellular receptors, and once inside the cells, the glinkosides are cleaved into a sugar, a linker or linker fragments, and a biologically active compound. Various aspects of the invention include processes for synthesizing glinkosides, glinkoside compositions, and methods of treating diseases using glinkosides.

Abstract: A number of modified nucleosides are disclosed composed of modified sugar moieties which contain substituents at C1 and C4 positions, or branched substituents at C3 and C5 positions of deoxyribose or ribose. Each nucleoside is converted to or properly protected and then converted to the corresponding phosphoramidites. These phosphoramidites are used to assemble oligonucleotides in which there is at least one of the forenoted nucleosides. These sugar modified oligonucleotides have the potential to be used as antisense therapies since they are expected to enhance nuclease resistance and cellular uptake while they maintain sequence-specificity and affinity to nucleic acid targets in vitro or in vivo.

Abstract: In a combined cycle gasification plant, high pressure fuel gas from the gasification unit is heated prior to combustion, and is then used to dry the feedstock. The moist fuel gas from the drying operation is combusted to drive the turbine. Alternatively, high-pressure inert gas such as nitrogen is heated in the gasification unit and is then used to dry the coal feed. Some of the moist inert gas is recycled, and some if it is passed to the combustion turbine.

Abstract: A number of modified nucleosides are disclosed composed of modified sugar moieties which contain substituents at C1 and C4 positions, or branched substituents at C3 and C5 positions of deoxyribose or ribose. Each nucleoside is converted to or properly protected and then converted to the corresponding phosphoramidites. These phosphoramidites are used to assemble oligonucleotides in which there is at least one forenoted nucleosides. These sugar modified oligonucleotides have the potential to be used as antisense therapies since they are expected to enhance nuclease resistance and cellular uptake while they maintain sequence-specificity and affinity to nucleic acid targets in vitro or in vivo.

Abstract: The inlet of a coke chute is pushed upwards by a plurality of actuators until it encompasses the bottom outlet of a coking vessel. The inlet is preferably surrounded by a skirt which tapers inwardly from top to bottom, and the entire chute is preferably retractable below the level of the floor underneath the coking vessel. A plurality of locks can be used to secure the skirt to the lower portion of the vessel.

Abstract: Chemiluminescence-based assays that detect or quantify determine NAD(P)-linked dehydrogenases and oxidoreductases, or the cofactors, or detect or quantify substrates, intermediates or products of reactions catalyzed by these enzymes by coupling the enzyme reactions to luminescence generating systems. The assays include the steps of reacting a peroxidase with the NAD(P)H produced in a reaction catalyzed by an oxidoreductase that requires NAD(P).sup.+ /NAD(P)H as a cofactor; and then adding a chemiluminescent moiety to produce chemiluminescence from which the analyte, such as an amino acid or sugar, the activity of the oxidoreductase or NAD(P).sup.+ /NAD(P) analyte, is determined. The assays are particularly useful for determining amino acids and sugars and, thus, are useful for quantitating amino acids and sugars in foods and for screening tissues body fluids, particularly blood, for diagnosing and managing metabolic defects in neonates and in adults.

Abstract: A system and method for purification of combustion gases cools the combustion gases to an optimal oxidation temperature, oxidizes the combustion gases, injects water or uses natural moisture content to form acid aerosols, neutralizes the acid aerosols with an alkaline solution, and then filters the acid aerosol, alkaline solution and water from the combustion gases. The purified gas stream is then exhausted from the system. Oxidation can be provided in stages to obtain optimal oxidation of different combustion gas components with different optimal oxidation temperature ranges. When used in a thermal power plant, the cooling of exhaust gases can be accomplished by regenerative preheating of combustion air, boiler feedwater or combustion fuel, and the clean exhaust gas can be cooled below the conventional exhaust stack temperature range, thus enhancing power plant efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus defining an expansible/contractible chamber includes a housing having a first housing portion and a second housing portion. A rotor rotates within the first housing portion in one direction while a block rotates in the second housing portion in an opposite direction. A vane disposed on the rotor registers with a recess in the block and defines with the block the chamber. The apparatus can function as an engine, a turbine, a pump, a compressor, or a vacuum pump. An associated method includes the steps of introducing a fluid into the chamber, rotating the rotor and associated vane in order to vary the volume of the chamber and performing work relative to the fluid in the chamber.

Abstract: In methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) plant n-butane is used to regenerate a molecular sieve adsorption bed of an oxygen removal unit, and contaminated n-butane is purified by distillation and recycled for further regeneration. The requirement for n-butane is thus reduced and little or no contaminated n-butane need be diverted for use as fuel gas.