Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a diaphragm (9b) arranged at a pupil position. The shape of an aperture of the diaphragm (9b) is similar to the shape of a light source image formed by an illuminating optical system at the pupil position. An area varying mechanism (90) varies the area of the aperture of the diaphragm (9b) in response to a focal length varying operation of a projection lens (9). This prevents an excessive opening from being formed around a light source image cast by the illuminating optical system, thereby preventing the deterioration of displayed images due to unwanted light that may pass through the excessive opening.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of concatenatable Point-To-MultiPoint (PTMP) broadcast messages for displaying display messages, and in particular long display messages requiring two or more PTMP broadcast messages, on personal cellular telecommunications devices. The present invention is achieved by the provision of a pseudo-header including a display message identifier, a PTMP broadcast message field for specifying the number P?1 of PTMP broadcast messages to transport an entire display message, and a PTMP broadcast message counter Q=(1, 2, . . . , P?1, P) for specifying the location of a PTMP broadcast message in that sequence. A pseudo-header may alternatively enable concatenation of two or more macromessages into a supermacromessage.

Abstract: Determining surface topology of a portion (26) of a three-dimensional structure is provided. An array of incident light beams (36) passing through a focusing optics (42) and a probing face is shone on said portion. The focusing optics defines one or more focal planes forward the probing face in a position which can be changed (72) by the focusing optics. The beams generate illuminated spots (52) on the structure and the intensity of returning light rays propagating in an optical path opposite to that of the incident light rays is measured (60) at various positions of the focal plane(s). By determining spot-specific positions yielding a maximum intensity of the returned light beams, data is generated which is representative of said topology.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a glass-ceramic comprising a continuous glass phase and a crystal phase comprising tetragonal leucite, wherein the glass-ceramic has a crack-free glass phase and a crystal phase comprising leucite crystals distributed essentially homogeneously in the glass phase. The crystal phase has a particle size distribution made of from about 5% to about 70% of a first group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of <1 ?m and from about 30% to about 95% of a second group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of ?1 ?m. The proportion of Li2O in the glass-ceramic is preferably below 0.5% by weight. It is preferred that not only the glass phase but also the crystal phase is essentially free of cracks. The corresponding glass-ceramics are particularly suitable for use in the dental sector, in particular as facing ceramics.

Abstract: In a magneto-optical recording medium, a first magnetic layer is made of a material using a Gd—Fe film or a Gd—Fe—Co film as a base so that a magnetic field normalized based on saturation magnetization of a magnetic domain wall driving field can be larger than 1, and an element concentration ratio (at. % ratio) of Gd to Fe or Fe—Co is set in a range of 28.0?Gd?29.0. A second magnetic layer is made of a material using a Tb—Fe film or a Dy—Fe film as a base, to which a nonmagnetic element such as Al or Cr, and Co are added. A third magnetic layer is made of a material using a Tb—Fe—Co film or a Dy—Fe—Co film as a base, and an element concentration ratio (at. % ratio) of Tb or Dy to Fe—Co is set in a range of 23.5?Tb?25.5 or 25.5?Dy?28.5.

Abstract: Plural grooves or lands formed in an information recording carrier include at least a wobbling region and data is recorded wobblingly in this wobbling region by frequency shift modulation while recorded digitally with a single or multiple waves as a channel bit.

Abstract: The invention is relative to pressure averagers (1), especially flange pressure averagers, with a base body (10) and a separating membrane (5) that is fastened to a side (14) of the base body (10) in a fastening area (6) for the separating membrane (5) and that can be loaded from the outside with a pressure. At least one recess (9) is advantageously formed in the base body (10) on the side of the fastening area (6) of the separating membrane (5), wherein at least one recess (9) in the base body (10) is dimensioned (t, b) in such a manner that tensions deforming the base body (10) are not transferred or are transferred only in a reduced state onto the fastening area (6). It can also be additionally or alternatively provided that the fastening area (6) for the separating membrane (5) and the separating membrane (5) are arranged in the area of a tension plane (n) of the base body (10) and that an at least reduced tension occurs in the area of the tension plane (n) under the bending tension.

Abstract: Automatic region extracting means (2) extracts rectangle regions having attributes of “character”, “photograph”, “table”, “ruled line”, “frame” from input image data through Image input means (1) and stores the information of the extracted rectangle regions into Modification information storage means (3). Display means (4) displays the input image including the extracted rectangle regions according to the information of the extracted rectangle regions. The operator selects desired extracted rectangle regions in the input image on a display screen and specifies the kind of the modification for the selected rectangle regions by using Operation means (5). Thereby, the information of both the selected rectangle regions and specified modifications are stored in Modification information storage means (3).

Abstract: A gas generating composition includes ammonium nitrate as an oxidizing agent, microcrystalline carbon powder as a reducing agent, and a stabilizer for preventing decomposition of ammonium nitrate. The amounts of the ammonium nitrate, the carbon powder, and the stabilizer are 89 to 99 wt %, 1 to 6 wt %, and 0.2 to 6 wt %, respectively, with respect to the total amount of ammonium nitrate, microcrystalline carbon and stabilizer. The amount of microcrystalline carbon is preferably 1.5 to 6 wt % with respect to the amount of ammonium nitrate, and the amount of the stabilizer is preferably 10 to 200 wt % with respect to the amount of microcrystalline carbon powder. The stability of present composition is improved, especially, at high temperatures. The composition has an appropriate burn rate, produces substantially no carbon dioxide, and has a proper sensitivity. The present composition is easy to handle and is inexpensive.

Abstract: A valve of the pilot type including a housing with a circular cylinder end for mounting in a valve base. The housing has an inlet port, an outlet port, an internal cavity, and a flexible membrane dividing the cavity into a flow chamber and control chamber. The inlet port is in constant communication with the flow chamber, while the outlet port is in communication with the flow chamber via a valve seat formed in the housing opposite the membrane. The outlet port is formed at the face of the cylinder end. An annular seal is disposed on that face, around the outlet port, such that when the valve is mounted into the valve base, the seal is urged axially to a face of the valve base providing fluid-tight communication between the outlet port and an outlet opening in the valve base. The inlet port is formed at the lateral surface of the cylinder end, so as to provide inlet flow transverse to the axis of the cylinder end.

Abstract: A printing machine (1) and a printing system (A) are disclosed as having a ROM (5) which stores, in addition to a program for realizing a specific function available for service, all programs for realizing specific functions rendered non-available for service, with service permit information representative of service permit/prohibition of these specific functions being stored in a service permit information storing unit (7). A display and input device (4) provides a display of only the specific function rendered available for service in service permit information stored in the service permit information storing unit (7) whereby, when a particular specific function displayed over the display and input device (4), the program interrelated with the selected specific function is retrieved from the ROM (5) to be executed for operation to realize the selected specific function.

Abstract: A mechanical device such as a lock with anti-shock arrangement, comprising a locking member adapted for linear motion. The anti-shock arrangement comprises a balancing member mounted for linear motion substantially parallel to the locking member motion and a pivotally supported lever with two ends and a pivoting axis therebetween. The locking member abuts one of the ends and the balancing member abuts the other end, the abutment being maintained by a biasing means such as a spring. The lever has substantially zero moment of inertia with respect to its pivoting axis. The locking member, for example an armature of a bi-stable solenoid, is held in a blocked position of the device by a permanent magnet. Upon a shock applied to the device, the locking member and the balancing member create inertial forces substantially balancing each other, while vibration forces are cancelled by the abutment arrangement and the permanent magnet.

Abstract: A virtual orthodontic treatment method and a system thereof, the method comprising the following: providing a virtual diagnostic setup model of teeth of at least one jaw of an individual, associating each teeth in said model with its corresponding virtual orthodontic appliance to obtain a first composite model and repositioning teeth into an initial treatment state according to pre-defined appliances-dependent rules. In the initial treatment state, selecting one or more teeth and reassociating the teeth with their corresponding virtual orthodontic appliance by changing the position of the appliance corresponding to the selected tooth thereby causing repositioning of the teeth according to the appliance-dependence rules. An altered treatment state is obtained, yielding a better grade, according to one or more systems for grading an orthodontic model, as compared to the grade of the initial treatment state.

Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator circuit connected to supply and reference voltage for radio frequency operation is disclosed. The circuit comprises at least one inductor and at least one varactor connected in parallel with the at least one inductor. The circuit also comprises a pair of p-channel MOS transistors connected across the at least one varactor, each p-channel MOS transistor having source, drain, and gate terminals, wherein the drain terminal of the first of the pair of p-channel MOS transistors is connected to the gate terminal of the second of the pair of p-channel MOS transistors and the drain terminal of second of the pair of MOS transistors being connected to the gate terminal of the first of the pair of MOS transistors.

Abstract: A circuit for matching the impedance of a narrow-band resonator filter presented to a port over a broad range of frequencies employs a second resonator that has substantially the same transfer characteristic as the resonator filter. The resonator filter is isolated from the output port using a resonator having a dual characteristic that behaves as a short circuit in the pass-band of the resonator filter, and is an open circuit in the stop-band of the resonator filter. The second resonator is isolated from the port using a resistor that has a value on the order of the ideal or desired impedance to be presented at the port. The circuit provides an impedance at the port that is approximately equal to the desired impedance in the stop-band, and an impedance that is slightly degraded in the pass-band, and particularly at the on-frequency of the resonator filter.