Abstract: A bright reflection type projection optical system is used for projecting onto a screen under magnification a luminous flux carrying image information from a light valve driven by an image signal, while favorably correcting aberration. The reflection type projection optical system comprises, successively from the enlargement side, a first mirror having a positive power, a second mirror having a negative power, and a third mirror having a positive power.

Abstract: In a fringe analysis method using Fourier transform, fringe image data is determined in a state where a wavefront from an object and a wavefront from a reference are relatively inclined with respect to each other by a minute amount, and a carrier fringe occurring due to this inclination is superposed on a fringe occurring due to wavefront information of the object. The inclination is set such that the carrier frequency occurring due to the inclination is a predetermined multiple of the basic frequency determined by the wavefront information of the object and observing means.

Abstract: A take-up reel has a diameter equal to or more than 85 times a thickness of a veneer sheet wound thereon and equal to or more than 300 mm so as to be of a curvature of the take-up reel to reduce cracking in parallel to fiber orientations that occurs in winding a veneer sheet after drying on a winding surface of the take-up reel.

Abstract: A take-up reel has a diameter equal to or more than 85 times a thickness of a veneer sheet wound thereon and equal to or more than 300 mm so as to be of a curvature of the take-up reel to reduce cracking in parallel to fiber orientations that occurs in winding a veneer sheet after drying on a winding surface of the take-up reel.

Abstract: A probe opening forming apparatus 139 comprising: light detecting means 140 for detecting a quantity of a light transmitted from a tip portion of the probe through a light of the source 116, which is on contact with the tip portion of the probe; storage means 142 for previously storing information about relation of the quantity of the light transmitted from the tip portion of the probe and the size of the opening; calculating means 144 for obtaining the value of the light quantity for obtaining an opening having a desirable size based on the information stored in the storage means 142; and pressing control means 126 for controlling the press of the tip portion of the probe against the light detecting means through the pressing means 114 such that a light quantity detected by the light detecting means 140 is equal to the light quantity calculated from the calculating means 144.

Abstract: A rotary optical filter apparatus containing an optical filter is integrated with a sirocco type cooling fan having a plurality of fan blades. The cooling fan is supported by a rotary holder of the optical filter apparatus so as to be integrally rotatable with the optical filter. The cooling fan inhales an air from its center part and discharges thus inhaled air from its outer peripheral part due to an action of the fan blades upon rotating, so as to make an airflow along the filter face and cool the optical filter.

Abstract: A take-up reel has a diameter equal to or more than 85 times a thickness of a veneer sheet wound thereon and equal to or more than 300 mm so as to be of a curvature of the take-up reel to reduce cracking in parallel to fiber orientations that occurs in winding a veneer sheet after drying on a winding surface of the take-up reel.

Abstract: A negative first lens group, a positive second lens group, and a positive third lens group are provided in sequence from an object side of a zoom lens. An aperture is provided in the second group of lenses. At the time of zooming operation, the three groups of lenses independently move over an optical axis X. The second group of lenses is constituted of, in sequence from the object side, a biconvex lens group 2A; a lens group 2B formed by cementing two or more lenses together; an aperture; a lens group 2C formed by cementing together two or more lenses; and a lens group 2D whose convex side is oriented toward the image surface side.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a tocotrienol derivative which is highly water-soluble and shows high bioavailability in the living body and &ggr;-CEHC delivering agent. (A tocotrienolcarboxylic acid ester derivative represented by the general formula (I). (wherein R2 means a carboxylic acid residue having a nitrogen substituent, and R1 and R3 mean a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: The present electronic endoscope apparatus makes it possible to select either of a conventional pixel mixing and reading system and a new all-pixel reading system. For example, an electronic endoscope apparatus having a pixel mixing and reading system circuit section is configured so that an all pixel reading system circuit board for reading all pixel signals out of a CCD while using an opaque period can be selectively set to the electronic endoscope apparatus, it is judged by a microcomputer whether the all pixel reading system circuit board is present, and when the circuit board is present, an all-pixel reading system operation is executed. Moreover, it is permitted to use the pixel mixing and reading system and all-pixel reading system circuit sections as standard sections, normally execute all-pixel reading system operations, and when, for example, a freeze switch is pressed at power-on, pixel mixing and reading system operations may be executed.

Abstract: A game machine controller operates a character of a game, such as an airplane, a robot, or the like, which carries out various movements. The controller is shaped in a form identical to the character and comprises a posture detector, whereby the controller can be moved to operate various movements of the character. Hence, even small children and the like can easily operate the character in the game without resistance.

Abstract: This endoscope apparatus utilizes a phenomenon called “curvature of field” of a lens to satisfactorily bring a shape, into focus, of an object to be observed such as unevenness especially during enlargement in accordance with a shape of unevenness or the like of the object. For example, there is provided an objective lens group having two movable lenses, and variable-power is performed and field curvature characteristics are changed by moving these movable lenses. This change in the field curvature characteristics is performed by operating an image surface curving switch and driving the movable lenses through the use of an actuator or the like. Also, information on differences in height on the image central part to the peripheral part is operated from the amount of field curvature changed by the objective lens group to display the information on differences in height on the monitor.

Abstract: In an apparatus for vapor phase growth of silicon single crystal thin films, in-plane uniformity of susceptor temperature is improved and film thickness of a silicon single crystal thin film is uniformized. The base material of a lift pin 8 provided in a pocket 5a of a susceptor 5 is changed to a base material lower in thermal conductivity than a base material of the susceptor 5, by which local decreases in susceptor temperature in the vicinity of the lift pin are prevented. As the base material of the lift pin 8, SiC, carbon of a desired grade and quartz are preferred.

Abstract: In a method manufacturing a silicon single crystal 8 according to an MCZ method, a flow rate of an inert gas flowing in a growth furnace 1 during growth of the silicon single crystal 8 and/or a pressure in the growth furnace 1 is altered according to a pulling amount of the silicon single crystal 8 to adjust an interstitial oxygen concentration therein. By altering a flow rate of an inert gas flowing in the growth furnace or a pressure therein, an amount of oxygen evaporating as an oxide from a surface of a silicon melt 10 in the vicinity of a crystal growth interface can be easily adjusted, and thereby, an oxygen amount included in the silicon melt 10 can be controlled with ease.

Abstract: In an image readout apparatus comprising a light source for illuminating an original, a linearly arranged light-receiving device array, and an imaging lens for forming an image of the original illuminated with the light source onto the light-receiving device array; a plurality of light-receiving device arrays having respective pixel pitches different from each other are arranged at an image-forming surface of the imaging lens.

Abstract: Performing the post-implantation annealing for recovering crystallinity in a hydrogen atmosphere can successfully suppress the surface roughening on the ion-implanted layers without pre-implantation oxidation. This allows omission of the pre-implantation oxidation and allows ion implantation using only a photoresist film as a mask in a method for producing an epitaxial wafer having buried ion-implanted layers. Since an intentional formation of an oxide film, including such pre-implantation oxidation, on an epitaxial layer is omitted, the number of repetition of the thermal history exerted to the buried ion-implanted layers can be reduced, which effectively suppresses lateral diffusion of implanted ions. Since the formation and removal of the oxide film is thus no more necessary, the number of process steps in the production of the epitaxial wafer can dramatically be reduced.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of light source sections, an integrator section, and a mirror element. Each light source section is constituted by a luminous body and a reflector comprising an ellipsoidal surface having one focal point located near the center of gravity of the luminous body. The integrator section is constituted by at least two integrator plates, arranged in the optical axis direction of light, for homogenizing the quantity of light emitted from the light source sections. The mirror element has a reflecting surface near the other focal point of the ellipsoidal surface of at least one reflector, and reflects the luminous flux from the light source group toward the integrator section. The optical axis of the illumination apparatus as a whole and the optical axis of at least one reflector form a predetermined angle therebetween.

Abstract: An auxiliary imaging lens is attachable to the main part of zoom lens on the object side; and is configured such that, when capturing an image for a screen having an aspect ratio of 4:3, an effective imaging area having such a size that the screen having an aspect ratio of 4:3 in a case without using the auxiliary imaging lens is just held therein can be secured, and a focal length yielding a field of view area substantially on a par with a field of view area obtained when capturing an image for a screen having an aspect ratio of 16:9 can be set.

Abstract: A silicon wafer is sand blasted using a sand blasting abrasive material containing a chelating agent which is selected from the group consisting of, for example, the following compounds (1) to (4) and salts thereof: (1) Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) (2) Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (3) Diethylenediamine-N,N,N″,N″-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) (4) Cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA).