Abstract: A long life high current density cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten nd iridium powders using a barium iridiate as the impregnant by processing the mixture of powders with an activator into a porous billet, and then impregnating the billet with a barium iridiate by firing the billet in a dry hydrogen furnace at a temperature at which the impregnant melts.

Abstract: The face of a cathode surface is machined to provide a spiral surface fin with microscopic sharp symmetrical protrusions. The cathode gives enhanced emission due to field emission generated at the sharp symmetrical protrusions and due to the increased surface area.

Abstract: The physical and electrical condition of electrochemical cells of a battery s monitored on a continuous basis so that corrective action can be taken before explosion and/or venting occurs by a method including the steps of:(A) coating the electrically conductive shell of each cell of the battery with a thin non electrically conductive layer,(B) applying a sensor stripe over the non electrically conductive layer so that the sensor stripe does not make electrical contact to the shell of the cell,(C) connecting leads to the sensor and then coating the sensor with a protective layer, and(D) connecting the sensor leads of individual cells of the battery into an electrical series circuit, the remaining leads of the series sensor circuit being connected to an alarm/control network that monitors the conductivity of the series electrical path.

Abstract: A low aging piezoelectric resonator is made from a plate of piezoelectric terial using standard resonator fabrication techniques with identical electrodes applied to both major faces of the plate; the electroded plate mounted in a suitable enclosure and the unit vacuum baked and sealed under high vacuum to remove as much contamination as possible, and a DC voltage impressed between the resonator electrodes and the enclosure to create a static electric filed within the enclosure.

Abstract: A long lived high current density cathode is made from a mixture of tungs and iridium powders by processing the mixture of powders with an activator into a porous billet, and then impregnating the billet with a chemical mixture of barium oxide, strontium oxide, and aluminum oxide by firing the billet in a dry hydrogen furnace at a temperature at which the impregnant melts.

Abstract: A rotating disk electrode of a soft alkali metal reactive to oxygen and mture in the air is made from a stainless steel core, a tubular Teflon sheath, a circular disk electrode of the soft alkali metal, a self-tapping stainless steel screw to secure the soft alkali metal electrode and a steel spring to provide electric contact to the soft alkali metal electrode.

Abstract: A resonator having a desired frequency is made from a quartz crystal resonator plate by a method including the steps of:(A) etching the quartz crystal resonator plate to a frequency slightly higher than the desired frequency,(B) vacuum desposting metallic electrodes onto the active area of the resonator plate to lower the frequency to a frequency that very closely approaches the desired frequency, and(C) treating the plate with the deposited electrodes with UV-ozone to oxidize the electrodes in a slow, precisely controlled manner to the desired frequency.

Abstract: Quartz crystal blanks are chemically polished by thoroughly cleaning the nks, treating the quartz crystal blanks with an etching solution at high pressures in a high pressure vessel while agitating to circulate the etchant and maintaining a uniform temperature throughout the etching solution, cooling the vessel, removing the quartz crystal blanks, rinsing thoroughly with water and spinning dry.

Abstract: A radiochromic optical waveguide dosimeter is protected from the adverse perature effects of exposure in the desired operational temperature range of -40.degree. C. to +60.degree. C. by flattening the round plastic tubing to be used for the fabrication of the dosimeter until the tubing attains an elliptical cross section and then fabricating the dosimeter from the tubing having the elliptical cross section.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device is provided for sensing the presence of chemical agents by chemo-electronic means. The device includes a quartz substrate and means deposited on the substrate for propagating and receiving surface acoustic waves along the surface of the substrate. Regions are provided on the substrate containing etched tunnels, the walls of the etched tunnel being coated within with a chemical substance sensitive to the chemical agent to be detected. When surface acoustic waves are caused to pass over these regions, the reaction of the chemical agent to be detected with the chemical substance causes a change in the acoustic wave velocity.

Abstract: A chemical sensor matrix is provided for sensing the presence of chemical agents by chemo-electronic means. The chemical sensor matrix is comprised of a plurality of resonators embedded in a single monolithic piece of piezoelectric crystal. The resonators are arranged in rectangular row and column configuration including m rows and n columns, each of the resonators being separated from its neighboring resonators by distances such that the resonant energies do not overlap. Each of the resonators is coated with a different chemical substance to be sensitive to a chemical agent to be detected so that when the chemical substance reacts with the chemical agent, the frequency f.sub.mn changes. Each of the rows of resonators bears a metallic electrode stripe for that row, and each of said columns of resonators bears a metallic stripe for that column. The electrode row stripes are positioned on the top surface of the crystal, and the electrode column stripes are positioned on the bottom surface of the crystal.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium cell is provided comprising a lithium anode, a litm intercalating cathode, and an electrolyte comprising a solution of a lithium salt such as LiAsF.sub.6 or LiAlCl.sub.4 in 24.4 mass percent 4-butyrolactone (4-BL) in dimethoxyethane (DME). The cell exhibits improved low temperature (-40.degree. C..ltoreq.t.ltoreq.0.degree. C.) performance and rate capability.

Abstract: A high capacity lithium inorganic oxyhalide electrochemical cell is provi including lithium as the anode, carbon as the cathode, and a solution of a quaternary ammonium salt in an inorganic oxyhalide solvent as the electrolyte.

Abstract: Miniature high frequency SC-cut quartz crystal resonators are made from a plano-plano SC-cut quartz crystal wafer by chemically polishing the wafer; then chemomechanically polishing the chemically polished wafer; then chemically polishing the chemomechanically polished wafer; depositing a suitable pattern of etch resist on the wafer using standard photolithographic techniques; chemically polishing the wafer; stripping the photoresist from the wafer; placing a suitable evaporative mask pattern into intimate contact with the wafer; depositing a suitable pattern of electrodes on the wafer; testing the resonators so formed on the wafer; selectively separating those resonators having the desired properties; mounting the selected resonators into an enclosure; adjusting the frequency of the selected resonators to the exact frequency desired; and hermetically sealing the enclosure.

Abstract: Samples of the Sm-Fe system are directly crystallized onto heated substra by selectively thermalized sputtering with the addition of titanium as a stabilizing agent.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer is provided that is capable of supplying a plurality of accurate frequencies. The frequency synthesizer comprises a resonator matrix including a plurality of resonators embedded in a single monolithic piece of piezoelectric crystal. The resonators are arranged in rectangular row and column configuration including m rows and n columns. Each of the resonators is separated from its neighboring resonators by distances such that the resonant energies do not overlap. Each of the rows of resonators bears a metallic electrode stripe for that row and each of the columns of resonators bears a metallic electrode stripe for that column, the electrodes row stripes being positioned on the top surface of the crystal and the electrode column stripes being positioned on the bottom surface of the crystal. The areas of overlap of the row and column stripes are registered with the central portions of the embedded resonators.

Abstract: Non laminating anisotropic boron nitride is prepared by reacting a boron halide with ammonia at a temperature of from 1100.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C. in the presence of a small amount of a volatile oxygen containing compound. The small amount of volatile oxygen containing compound is sufficient to prevent lamination yet small enough to prevent the finalized product from losing its anisotropy.

Abstract: Carbon black powder is pretreated with acetone or methanol prior to cathode abrication to improve the cathode operating voltage and increase the cathode life of lithium sulfuryl chloride electrochemical cells.

Abstract: A cathode suitable for use in a lithium electrochemical cell is made from a ixture of active cathode material, carbon, and non fluorinated linear chain polymer by a method including the steps of(A) dissolving the non fluorinated linear chain polymer in a non polar solvent at a temperature near the melting point of the polymer,(B) adding the active cathode material and carbon and evaporating the solvent, and(C) grinding the dried mixture into a fine powder and making it into a cathode by pressing the powdered mixture onto both sides of an expanded metal screen and then cutting to the desired dimensions.The cathode can be combined with lithium as the anode and a solution of 0.8 mol dm.sup.-3 LiAlCl.sub.4 in a mixed organic solvent of 24 mass percent 4-butyrolactone in 1, 2 dimethoxyethane as the electrolyte to provide a mechanically stable, relatively inexpensive lithium electrochemical cell having good cell performance.

Abstract: A cathode is provided for use in high energy primary lithium-thionyl chloe cell systems or calcium-thionyl chloride cell systems. The cathode comprises an expanded metallic current collector screen into which has been pasted a mixture of a low surface area conductive carbon black and a high surface area conductive carbon black previously mixed with a binder.