Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for obtaining a quantitative indication of paper web abrasiveness as the web subject of the test is in transit through the production machine. Test specimens of thin, sheet metal shim stock are held in light bearing pressure contact against the dry, finished or nearly finished web for a measured increment of web length. The measured quantity of specimen material lost to the measured quantity of passing web will yield a quotient indicative of the relative abrasiveness of the subject web.

Abstract: A rotary envelope machine gum box construction is taught which provides an independent frame assembly of the meter roll and gum pond elements. The independent frame is pivotally secured to the primary machine frame at one end of the independent frame with micro-adjusting jack screw abutments at the other independent frame end. Differential adjustment of the jack screws will skew the meter roll axis to the picker roll axis. The edge line of the doctor blade may be skewed relative to the meter roll surface by push/pull screws between the independent frame and the doctor blade ends. Liquid gum is pumped from a remote supply reservoir, the gum box pond level being controlled by a fiber optic liquid level sensor which regulates the gum pump operation. Gum is delivered from the pump to a removable manifold block which distributes the gum to the pond ends for a nonstagnation zone, end-to-middle pond flow pattern.

Abstract: Machinery for three dimensionally forming register cut paper articles such as plates, bowls and saucers is operated with a single, register controlled material supply web and a 2:1 cyclic speed differential between the blank cutting station and the hot forming press. Rotational drive speed of the machine is set and limited by the cycle rate of the hot forming press but two or more, register cut product units are cut and stacked from a single ply, registered controlled web supply within a single cycle interim of the forming press. Consequently, the speed limiting step of the entire machine continues, with a single ply web supply to operate with a high percentage of maximum productivity.

Abstract: Relative shive incidence in a production flow line of paper pulp is continuously sampled and measured by means of a continuous flow, fiber induction device located within the production line to extract a diluted sample of fiber flow therein. The diluted sample is directed through a windowed conduit section for photodetection of particles therein. Particle caused pulses are discriminated by amplitude relative to a reference scale to distinguish shive particles from acceptable fiber particles. Two pulse trains are developed simultaneously: one pulse train for shive pulses and the other pulse train for particle flow including shives. Both pulse trains are rate determined by counting the number of pulses in a fixed interim of time identical to both. The two pulse rates are then combined to develop a dimensionless ratio of shive incidence or percentage within the total fiber stream.

Abstract: Relative shive incidence in a production flow line of paper pulp is continuously sampled and measured by means of a continuous flow, fiber induction device located within the production line to extract a diluted sample of fiber flow therein. The diluted sample is directed through a windowed conduit section for photodetection of particles therein. Particle caused pulses are discriminated by amplitude relative to a reference scale to distinguish shive particles from acceptable fiber particles. Two pulse trains are developed simultaneously: one pulse train for shive pulses and the other pulse train for particle flow including shives. Both pulse trains are rate determined by counting the number of pulses in a fixed interim of time identical to both. The two pulse rates are then combined to develop a dimensionless ratio of shive incidence or percentage within the total fiber stream.

Abstract: During a clean-out period when black liquor supply lines to paper pulp mill recovery furnace fuel spray guns are circulated with purge water or when black liquor firing is interrupted due to low consistency solids, the removal and unauthorized insertion of such fuel spray guns is positively verified and prevented by swing gates and series condition switches respective to each gun port. In order for a liquor circulation pump to be restarted following an automatic shutdown, all gates must be closed across respective gun ports which simultaneously closes all gate switches.

Abstract: A polymer plastic coated paper double-facer corrugating machine equipped with web preheating cylinders having position adjustable wrap control arms is described having a variable response relationship between the machine production speed and a corresponding wrap control arm setting. The double facing nip of the machine is provided with a series coupled pneumatic loading spring and worm jack to set the nip clearance. For transitional support of double faced product between the load variable nip roll and the lower tractor belt of the double-faced board pulling section, an air table is provided.

Abstract: Web tension in a creped paper rewinder is controlled at two stations along the web route by respective counter-weighted dancer rolls which also serve as sensors for a drive speed control mechanism. Primary drive speed is under programmed control whereby a first, length percentage of a rewind reel length determines the high speed drive duration whereupon the drive speed is reduced to a lower rate for rewind reel length completion. Rewind reels are self-started on vacuum mandrels which are magazine supplied to the reel starting position. The supply web is longitudinally slit into a multiplicity of strips, each strip being wound about the vacuum mandrel in a reel laterally distinct from adjacent reels but with all reels built upon a common axis mandrel. Tails of the several strips are severed from the web supply by traversing cutter-gluer apparatus which simultaneously spots the end of each cut tail with a portion of adhesive to prevent unreeling following strip reel removal from the mandrel.

Abstract: A corrugating machine finger setting jig is disclosed having an adjustable profile surface to simulate the arcuate profile of a cooperative corrugating roll.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for obtaining a quantitative indication of paper web abrasiveness as the web subject of the test is in transit through the production machine. Test specimens of thin, sheet metal shim stock are held in light bearing pressure contact against the dry, finished or nearly finished web for a measured increment of web length. The measured quantity of specimen material lost to the measured quantity of passing web will yield a quotient indicative of the relative abrasiveness of the subject web.

Abstract: A machine tool fixture with particular utility as a mounting and backing plate for a sheet cutting die is provided with a unique pattern of tool mounting slots universally adaptable to a wide range of die sizes and to any die tool in a capital inventory. Also disclosed is a tool mounting point locating jig and method of use corresponding with the present fixture.

Abstract: Web tension in a creped paper rewinder is controlled at two stations along the web route by respective counter-weighted dancer rolls which also serve as sensors for a drive speed control mechanism. Primary drive speed is under programmed control whereby a first, length percentage of a rewind reel length determines the high speed drive duration whereupon the drive speed is reduced to a lower rate for rewind reel length completion. Rewind reels are self-started on vacuum mandrels which are magazine supplied to the reel starting position. The supply web is longitudinally slit into a multiplicity of strips, each strip being wound about the vacuum mandrel in a reel laterally distinct from adjacent reels but with all reels built upon a common axis mandrel. Tails of the several strips are severed from the web supply by traversing cutter-gluer apparatus which simultaneously spots the end of each cut tail with a portion of adhesive to prevent unreeling following strip reel removal from the mandrel.

Abstract: The characteristic profile of a paper web is adjusted on the fourdrinier by means of a number of fluid spray stations positioned across the papermachine. Each spray station is provided with two or more fan spray nozzles of different flow capacity oriented to impact the pond with fluid along a common line. Flow to each nozzle is binary controlled with respective binary command, full flow valves. By discrete manipulation of valve selection, total flow rate to the web may be adjusted without flow throttling and consequent impact velocity variations.

Abstract: The density of chlorine dioxide gas in a wet acid atmosphere may be continuously monitored with a photometer energized by a constant voltage incandescent light source illuminating a 0.5 inch thickness, continuous flow sample spaced between quartz glass windows. The emergent light is filtered to pass approximately 4400 Angstrom wavelength light to a selenium photocell. Photocell power output measuring means is calibrated to correspond with chlorine dioxide gas density. The concentration strength of an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is continuously monitored with a similar photometer having a 0.125 inch sample space between windows and a 4600 Angstrom filter for the emergent light.

Abstract: Cellulosic carbon that has been activated by a phosphoric acid process, is acid neutralized by contacting the carbon with an aqueous suspension of an additive material comprising a metal oxide or hydroxide of aluminum, zinc, or one of the alkaline earth elements to bind residual acid on the carbon in the form of a substantially insoluble phosphate salt.

Abstract: Bales of wood pulp built from successive wafers of bulk dried pulp may be shredded to small, easily mulched particles by raking a bale face with spaced claws along a plane parallel with the wafer interface. Claws are secured to a power reciprocated bar in pairs with claw points directed along opposite reciprocation directions. The bale is advanced against the traverse plane of the claws in increments coordinated with full reciprocation strokes of the claw bar.

Abstract: A continuous web converting machine is supplied with web material from a spider wheel unwind stand having a shiftable wheel axis. Movement of the spider wheel axis is regulated by a double acting fluid cylinder for controlled force application of the working web supply reel against a closed circuit pulling belt. Depletion of the working reel is detected by a limit switch actuated by contact with the shift carriage. upon working reel depletion, the pressure bias on the fluid cylinder is reversed and the shift carriage retracted to free the working reel from contact with the pulling belt. Thereafter, the spider wheel is rotatively indexed 120.degree. to align a full reel in the working position. Said full reel is prepared with a strip of double faced adhesive tape secured across the full reel web leading edge to facilitate web continuity and splice from a depleted reel to a full one.

Abstract: Large mill reels of paper are protectively wrapped for shipment by a method which first caps the reel end-faces with a header disk having a diameter greater than the reel diameter. The flange of excess disk material is pleated and pressed into a band of adhesive applied about the reel circumference near the respective end-face. Subsequently, a second band of adhesive is applied to the two pleated and pressed flanges around the reel circumference and a circumferential surface wrap of width substantially equal to the axial length of the subject reel is applied thereabout.

Abstract: Web tension in a creped paper rewinder is controlled at two stations along the web route by respective counterweighted dancer rolls which also serve as sensors for a drive speed control mechanism. Primary drive speed is under programmed control whereby a first, length percentage of a rewind reel length determines the high speed drive duration whereupon the drive speed is reduced to a lower rate for rewind reel length completion. Rewind reels are self-started on vacuum mandrels which are magazine supplied to the reel starting position. The supply web is longitudinally slit into a multiplicity of strips, each strip being wound about the vacuum mandrel in a reel laterally distinct from adjacent reels but with all reels built upon a common axis mandrel. Tails of the several strips are severed from the web supply by traversing cutter-gluer apparatus which simultaneously spots the end of each cut tail with a portion of adhesive to prevent unreeling following strip reel removal from the mandrel.

Abstract: A sheet of hydrophilic paper is laminated between two plate electrodes and immersed as a water sensor assembly in an electric power transformer oil charging flow stream. A low power and voltage d.c. potential is impressed across the plates as the oil flows through or around the sensor. Any water in the flow stream coming into contact with the paper is absorbed and retained thereby. Such water reduces the electrical resistance of the paper thereby causing current flow. The consequent current flow is used as a signal to initiate the operation of a series of relays which interrupt the power supply of a prior art filtration drive motor.