Abstract: In a bidirectional semiconductor switch which can be switched on and off, printed conductors which form the main term terminals (1, 2) and the control terminals (3, 4) are applied to a baseplate (9). Applied to the printed conductors, which form the main terminals (1, 2), are at least two reverse-blocking semiconductor components (5a-h) which can be switched on and off. The control electrodes (8a, 8e) and the second main electrodes (7a, 7e) of the semiconductor components (5a-h) are interconnected in such a way that the semiconductor switch has the required bidirectional switching function.

Abstract: In a rotary printing machine with directly driven cylinders and at least one directly driven folding unit (12), those drives of the cylinders and their drive controllers which can be assigned to a paper web are combined to form printing-station groups (2). The printing-station groups (2a-d) are connected to one another, to the folding unit (12) and to the operating and data-processing unit (1) via a data bus (3). Within the printing-station group (2), the individual drives of the cylinders and their drive controllers are connected via a high-speed bus system. The printing-station groups (2a-d) acquire their position reference directly from the folding unit (12). The master control system (1) is now responsible only for the presetting of desired values and desired-value deviations and the processing of actual values.

Abstract: In an optical current transformer in which the Faraday rotation of light in a waveguide (2) enclosing the current is measured, the waveguide (2) is designed as an integrated-optics single-mode waveguide embedded in a substrate (1).Further elements of the measuring device, such as polarizers (13), mirrors (11) and Y couplers (12, 14), may likewise advantageously be integrated into the substrate (1).The integration leads to a sensor element (SE) which can be produced in a simple manner and is to a large extent insensitive to environmental influences such as temperature fluctuations and vibrations.

Abstract: In large electrical machines, the electrical connection between the excitation supply line (7, 8), which runs axially, centrally in the rotor, and the excitation winding conductors (4) in the winding overhang (3) of the rotor is highly stressed electrically and mechanically. It must therefore be forced-cooled. Effective cooling can be achieved if a portion of the cooling gas from the cold gas chambers is guided through special radial shaft holes (20) to the shaft axis and then radially outwards through or along the excitation supply line bolt (13) into the hot gas space (H) in the rotor winding overhang space.

Abstract: The conductor bars of stator windings of rotating electric machines are usually multiply wound around with two-layer mica strips as major insulation and then impregnated with synthetic resin. It is proposed to use as first layer (L1) a mica strip which is provided on both sides with a textile carrier (24, 25). The further layers (L2, L3, L4, . . .) are then wound with a mica strip (27) provided with a textile carrier (28) only on one side. A major insulation constructed in this way is very homogeneous. The textile carrier (24), preferably consisting of glass fabric, which bears directly on the conductor surface, optimizes the impregnation and produces an effective bond between the insulation and conductor.

Abstract: The turbine blade contains a casting having a blade leaf (1), blade foot (2) and, if appropriate, blade cover strip (3) and composed of an alloy based on a dopant-containing gamma-titanium aluminide.This turbine blade is to be distinguished by a long lifetime, when used in a turbine operated at medium and high temperatures, and, at the same time, be capable of being produced in a simple way suitable for mass production. This is achieved in that, at least in parts of the blade leaf (1), the alloy is in the form of a material of coarse-grained structure and with a texture resulting in high tensile and creep strength and, at least in parts of the blade foot (2) and/or of the blade cover strip (3), provided if appropriate, is in the form of a material of fine-grained structure and with a ductility increased in relation to the material contained in the blade leaf (1).

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the separation of vaporous heavy metal compounds from a carrier gas wherein the heavy metal compounds are cooled and desublimed. An apparatus for carrying out this process has a melting furnace with a discharge opening for a gas/ vapor mixture, which leads to a cooling device.Vaporous heavy metal compounds can be separated from a carrier gas on a large industrial scale. In addition, the apparatus for carrying out this process is easy to operate. The gas/vapor mixture is turbulently mixed immediately after the discharge from the furnace in a mixing section with cold air and is thus cooled. During this cooling, the vaporous heavy metal compounds desublime and are filtered as particles in a filter.

Abstract: This surge voltage arrester has two connecting fittings (1, 2) which are braced with respect to one another. At least one pellet (7) consisting of varistor material is clamped in between the connecting fittings (1, 2).It is intended to create a surge voltage arrester which can be produced using simple means and which, in addition, can be cast around in a simple manner. This is achieved in that at least two insulating clamping elements, which are arranged symmetrically, are provided for bracing the connecting fittings (1, 2). The clamping elements, the at least one pellet (7) and, partially, the connecting fittings (1, 2) have insulating plastic material cast around them to form a monolithic block.

Abstract: In a device for sealing the gap between the rotor blades and the casing (2) of a turbomachine, configured with a conical profile (28), the rotor blades (6) are provided with circumferential shroud plates (11), which seal by serrations (12, 13, 14, 15) against the casing with the formation of radial gaps (16, 17, 18). The shroud plate (11), which is arranged at the end of the blade, has four throttle locations relative to the casing, the inlet end throttle location bounding a diagonal gap (19) and the outlet end throttle location forming a radial gap (16).

Abstract: In order to enhance the efficiency of charging in a friction charger, it is proposed to precharge the particles before the first collision with the walls by making use of the photoeffect. This is performed, preferably, through irradiating the particles using UV radiation from a UV excimer radiator.

Abstract: The high temperature alloy is intended for machine components subjected to high mechanical and thermal stress. It is essentially based on doped TiAl and has the following composition:Ti.sub.x El.sub.y Me.sub.z Al.sub.1-(x+y+z),in which El=B, Ge or Si and Me=Co, Cr, Ge, Hf, Mn, Mo, Nb, Pd, Ta, V, W, Y, and/or Zr and:______________________________________ 0.46 .ltoreq.x .ltoreq.0.54, 0.001 .ltoreq.y .ltoreq.0.015 for El = Ge and Me = Cr, Hf, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ta, V and/or W, 0.001 .ltoreq.y .ltoreq.0.015 for El = Si and Me = Hf, Mn, Mo, Ta, V and/or W, 0 .ltoreq.y .ltoreq.0.01 for El = B and Me = Co, Ge, Pd, Y and/or Zr, 0 .ltoreq.y .ltoreq.0.02 for El = Ge and Me = Co, Ge, Pd, Y and/or Zr, 0.0001 .ltoreq.y .ltoreq.0.01 for El = B and Me = Cr, Mn, Nb and/or W, 0.01 .ltoreq.z .ltoreq.0.04 if Me = an individual element, 0.01 .ltoreq.z .ltoreq.0.08 if Me = two or more individual elements and 0.46 .ltoreq.(x + y + z) .ltoreq.0.54.

Abstract: A turn-off power semiconductor component subdivided into unit cells (EZ), including between an anode (A) and a cathode (K) in a semiconductor substrate (1) five layers in p-n-p-n-p sequence, namely an anode layer (10) an n-type base layer (9), a p-type base layer (8), a turn-off region (6), a cathode region (7) adjoining the turn-off region, and a p-doped short-circuit region (5). On the cathode side in every unit cell (EZ), a first MOSFET (M1) which can be driven via a first insulated gate electrode (G1) is provided for the purpose of switching between the five-layer structure and a conventional thyristor four-layer structure. A second MOSFET (M2) having a second gate electrode (G2) prevents a breakdown between the p-type short-circuit region (5) and the turn-off region (6) during turn-off.

Abstract: This gas turbine arrangement has an at least two-stage gas turbine (1) with a main combustion chamber (10) and a compressor (5). An energy exchanger (8) which interacts with the separate combustion chamber (14) is installed upstream of the gas turbine (1). The efficiency of the gas turbine arrangement is to be increased by simple means. In order to achieve this, the separate combustion chamber (14) is designed as an afterburner chamber for a part of the gases generated in the main combustion chamber (10). In addition, means for the additional injection of a liquid or vapor medium are provided in the region of the combustion chamber (14). The volume flow in the energy exchanger (8) and hence the efficiency of the gas turbine arrangement are increased by this injection.

Abstract: This gas turbine arrangement has a gas turbine which can be divided into a high-pressure part and a basic part and has a compressor (1) and at least one energy exchanger (7). In addition, it has a combustion-chamber arrangement and a separate combustion chamber (18) connected upstream of the energy exchanger (7). The intention is to provide a gas turbine arrangement in which an increased efficiency is achieved by simple means and which can be regulated more simply. This is achieved by providing at least two combustion chambers (9, 10) for the combustion-chamber arrangement. The first (9) of the combustion chambers cooperates with the high-pressure part of the gas turbine arrangement. The second (10) of the combustion chambers cooperates, via the interposed energy exchanger (7) having the upstream combustion chamber (18), with the basic part.

Abstract: In the arrangement for fastening a machine part on a foundation by using vertical anchor studs, a multiplicity of vertical anchor tubes are cast into the foundation and these are connected to one another, at least in groups, by means of an auxiliary frame. Provided at the lower end of each anchor tube, there is a ring whose inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the anchor stud and whose outer diameter is greater than or at least equal to the outer diameter of the anchor tube. A space with an essentially square outline is recessed in the foundation underneath this ring. Laid in this space with clearance, there is a threaded nut with an essentially square external contour and a height smaller than the clear height of the space mentioned, the lower end of the anchor stud being able to be screwed into this threaded nut. This design makes it possible to omit expensive templates when casting the foundation.

Abstract: A supply circuit for a hydraulic fluid system has at least one pressure generation device, at least one connecting valve, a main line and a safety deactivation unit. The supply circuit permits a hydraulic fluid to be fed in such a way that, in all operating states, occurrence of pressure surges in the system is prevented. The connecting valve is designed as a slide valve with three control edges for regulating filling, operation and testing functions. A plate valve, in fluid communication with the slide control valve, is designed as an outflow amplifier and fulfills the safety related tasks.

Abstract: In gas-cooled electric machines having a stator (3) and a rotor (6) on which an axial ventilator (9) is arranged, the cooling gas flows unevenly into the end-winding cavity (13) seen in the circumferential direction. By providing upstream of the axial ventilator (9), when seen in the direction of flow of the cooling gas, and coaxially with said ventilator an annular air guide member (1) having baffles (17), and reducing the flow cross section for the cooling gas flowing through the air guide member (1) in the main direction of the approach flow on a part of the outer circumference of the air guide member (1) by means of a covering (23), the cooling effects becomes more even and the axial ventilator (9) is better utilized.

Abstract: A pressure wave machine with integrated combustion has a cellular wheel (10) containing a number of cells (16) in which an always recurring ignition and combustion process takes place. To maintain this always recurring process, neither a supply of ignition energy from the outside nor a control intervention should be necessary. Hot-gas channels (18) are provided, by means of which hot gas is taken from one cell (16), in which the combustion step belonging to a cycle has been completed, and recycled to a cell (16) which contains the fuel/air mixture which is to be ignited.

Abstract: A series of premix burners of different sizes are arranged at the inlet flow end of a combustion chamber, preferably of the form of an annular combustion chamber. The large premix burners, which are the main burners of the combustion chamber, and the small premix burners, which are the pilot burners of the combustion chamber, emerge into a front wall of the combustion chamber, these premix burners being arranged alternately relative to one another and at a constant distance apart. The main burners emerge directly into the front wall to the combustion space and the pilot burners have, downstream of their burner length, a precombustion chamber extending as far as the front wall. Both the evaporation of a liquid fuel and the burn-out of liquid or gaseous fuels in the low part-load range of the machine can be decisively improved in this precombustion chamber.

Abstract: In the gas-cooled electric machine, the stator winding bars, which are connected to one another electrically and mechanically outside the stator core assembly (2) in the overhang space by means of metallic lugs, are provided with caps (8) which virtually completely surround the lugs while leaving free one or more approximately axially extending ducts (9). These ducts (9) are open towards the stator core assembly (2). At its end on the partition side, the cap (8) has an opening (10) which is freely connected to said ducts (9). A flexible line (11) leads from this opening directly into the suction chamber (14) of the fan (5).As a consequence of the pressure difference between the suction chamber (14) and overhang space (13), some of the coolant conveyed by the fan (5) flows through said ducts and cools the rod ends and lugs (7).