Abstract: A compound of the formulaR--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --NH--CH.sub.2 --(CHOH).sub.m --CH.sub.2 OHin which R is an alkyl of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 2 to 6, and m is an integer from 3 to 4; and a one step process for washing and softening textiles using this compound.

Abstract: A synergistic sequestering agent composition comprising (a) 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and its alkali metal and ammonium salts, or, preferably and (b) aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid and its alkali metal and ammonium salts, as well as (c) a phosphonopolycarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of phosphonosuccinic acid, methylphosphonosuccinic acid and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and their alkali metal and ammonium salts. The said mixture of sequestering agents is useful as a sequestering agent for aqueous solutions containing bivalent and trivalent cations especially in sub-stoichiometric amounts.

Abstract: Process and composition for permanent waving of human hair containing hair-softeners and keratein so as to reduce damage to the hair.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the prevention of inorganic salt precipitations in water or aqueous solutions by the additions to the solutions of small amounts of N-substituted aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acids or their alkali metal salts or ammonium salts.

Abstract: Fatty acid ester mixtures liquid at low temperatures comprising (A) alkylene oxide adducts to train-oil fatty acids, or mixtures, esterified with unsaturated fatty acids, or mixtures, which are substantially free of any polyunsaturated train-oil fatty acids; or (B) alkylene oxide adducts to unsaturated fatty acids, or mixtures, which are substantially free of any polyunsaturated train-oil fatty acids, esterified with train-oil fatty acids, or mixtures; as well as compositions for using and the processes of preparing and using these esters.

Abstract: Anti-foaming agent compositions for use in aqueous synthetic resin or natural resin dispersions, containing a carboxylic acid-N-alkylamide having the formula ##EQU1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyls having from 10 to 26 carbon atoms, n and m are integers from 0 to 2, with the proviso that one of n or m is other than 0, dispersed in water or an organic liquid.

Abstract: In the process of plasticizing hardenable plastics in the form of dispersions and pastes, the use of fatty acid esters of polyoxyalkylene glycol having the formulaR.sub.1 --A--R.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are acyls of the fatty acids having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and A is a bivalent polyoxyalkylene glycol radical having a molecular weight of from 2000 to 4000 and a content of 40 to 50% by weight of ethylene oxide units and 50 to 60% by weight of propylene oxide units, as hydrophilic plasticizers for said plastic dispersions and pastes.

Abstract: A method for the surface treatment of steel, preferably non-decarburized steel, capable of being enameled comprises the steps of degreasing the metal surface; optionally descaling the metal surface in an acid bath; treating the metal surface with an aqueous solution containing from 0.1% to 5% by weight of at least one complex former which prevents the precipitation of heavy metal cations at the pH employed; intensively pickling the metal surface; and nickelplating the metal surface.

Abstract: Process for washing textiles in which the washing treatment is carried out in the presence of a cation exchanger containing carboxyl groups in the form of alkali salts and capable of removing calcium and magnesium ions from the washing liquor, and a washing agent for use in said process.

Abstract: A process for the production of ether polycarboxylic acids comprising reacting alkali metal salts of ether carboxylic acids with carbon dioxide in the presence of (1) an alkaline compound selected from the group of alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates and hydroxides and (2) optionally, heavy metal catalysts and inert diluents at temperatures of 200.degree.C to 350.degree.C under pressure, acidify the resulting alkali metal salt of an ether polycarboxylic acid and recovering said ether polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the production of ether polycarboxylic acids comprising reacting alkali metal salts of ether carboxylic acids with carbon dioxide in the presence of (1) an alkali metal alkyl carbonate and (2) optionally, heavy metal catalysts and inert diluents at temperatures of 200.degree.C to 350.degree.C under pressure, acidify the resulting alkali metal salt of an ether polycarboxylic acid and recovering the ether polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to textile fibrous structures impregnated with nonionic surface active agents and suitable for cleaning purposes, in which the textile fibrous structures are built up from water-insoluble high polymers with a content of carboxyl groups, which are mostly present in the form of the alkali metal salts or ammonium salts or as salts of organic ammonium bases, and the impregnation comprises at least one nonionic surface-active agent from the group of the alkylene oxide derivatives, the turbidity or cloud point of which lies below 80.degree.C, as well as the method of preparation.

Abstract: A method for separating mixtures of fatty substances into components with different melting points in which a fatty substance suspension separated from a liquid fat portion is transformed by heating to temperatures between the melting point of the solid portions and about 85.degree. C by means of the usual separating devices at ordinary or increased gravity into a three-phase system which consists of molten solid particles as the lightest phase, of an intermediate aqueous phase of medium specific gravity rich in wetting agents, and of a heavy aqueous phase which is low in wetting agents, and the solid portions are then separated.

Abstract: A process for the production of ether polycarboxylic acids comprising reacting alkali metal salts of ether carboxylic acids with carbon dioxide in the presence of (1) an alkali metal alcoholate and (2) optionally, heavy metal catalysts and inert diluents at temperatures of 200.degree.C to 350.degree.C under pressure, acidify the resulting alkali metal salt of an ether polycarboxylic acid and recovering the ether polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement of the known continuous process for the separation of mixtures of fatty substances of different melting points, in which the starting mixture by treating with an aqueous wetting agent solution is converted to a dispersion of liquid fatty substances and solid fatty substance particles, the formed dispersion is separated into two phases of different specific gravities, the lighter phase consists substantially of the liquid fatty fraction and the heavier phase of a dispersion of the solid fatty particles in the aqueous wetting agent solution. After separation of this suspension the wetting agent solution is returned to the process.

Abstract: This invention concerns an automatic toilet cleaning device which is manufactured from a solid material such as metal, or preferably from plastics, and which consists of a container for a solid cleanser to be dissolved, a cover, a suspension means, as well as inlet means and outlet means for the flushing water.

Abstract: The invention involves the use of aluminum salts of a fatty acid mixture of fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms consisting ofA. from 42% to 50% by weight of mono-olefinically unsaturated fatty acids, wherein at least 42% by weight are oleic acid,B. from 42% to 48% by weight of saturated fatty acids, wherein at least 42% by weight are saturated fatty acids having 16 to 18 carbon atoms, andC. from 2% to 10% by weight of poly-olefinically unsaturated fatty acids,As a mold releasing agent for the release of polyurethane foams from molds.

Abstract: A method for separating fatty substance mixtures into components of different melting points by the "Rewetting or Hydrophilization Process," with the heat removal necessary for cooling and crystallizing higher melting fatty substance fractions being obtained essentially by vacuum evaporation of an aqueous, non-surface-active electrolyte solution in direct contact with the fatty substance mixture.THE PRIOR ARTThe separation of fatty acid mixtures or of fatty acid ester mixtures into components of different melting points by a wetting agent process is known from U.S. Pat. No. 2,800,493, July 23, 1957, Stein et al. This process has become known as the "Rewetting or Hydrophilization Process." According to this patent, a mixture of solid and oily fatty substance particles is transformed by means of a wetting agent solution, optionally containing non-surface-active electrolyte, into a dispersion of separate solid and oily fatty substance particles.

Abstract: A method for the purification of mixtures of fatty acids or fatty acid esters containing polyunsaturated components by heating the mixture in the presence of an organic macroporous, acid ion exchange resin having a specific surface area of at least 35 m.sup.2 /gm and devoid of gel characteristics, and then separating the purified mixture by distillation. The method is especially useful for the production of oleic acid which is relatively free of linoleic acid.

Abstract: Azacycloalkane-2,2-diphosphonic acids having the formula ##EQU1## wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 3 to 5; as well as their water-soluble salts. The azacycloalkane-2,2-diphosphonic acids are excellent sequestering agents especially for alkaline earth metal ions. They are stabilizers for percompounds and are useful in the delaying of the setting times for gypsum.In addition, the compound are useful in cosmetic preparations such as toothpastes and mouthwashes where they prevent formation of tartar and plaque and are useful in therapy in the treatment of diseases related to the abnormal deposition or dissolution of difficulty soluble calcium salts in the animal body.