Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes an illumination optical system, a spatial light modulator illuminated by light from the illumination optical system, a projection optical system that irradiates an exposure target with light emitted from the spatial light modulator, a stage on which the exposure target is placed to perform a relative movement between the exposure target and the projection optical system relative to each other in a predetermined scanning direction, and a controller that has a storage in which information relating to exposure pattern is stored and controls exposure for the exposure target. The controller controls the exposure for the exposure target so that a first step of performing a first exposure based on the information relating to the exposure pattern and a second step of performing a second exposure based on at least a portion of the information relating to the exposure pattern used in the first step are executed.

Abstract: An encoder device including a position detection unit for detecting position information of a moving part; a magnet having a plurality of polarities along a moving direction of the moving part; and an electric signal generation unit for generating an electric signal, based on a magnetic characteristic of a magnetosensitive part, the electric signal generation unit having the magnetosensitive part whose magnetic characteristic is changed by a change in magnetic field associated with relative movement to the magnet, wherein the magnetosensitive part is disposed so that the magnetosensitive part is spaced apart from a side surface of the magnet in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction and a length direction of the magnetosensitive part is orthogonal to tangential directions of at least some of magnetic field lines of the magnet.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes: an illumination optical system; a spatial light modulator; a projection optical system that illuminates an exposure target with light emitted from the spatial light modulator; and a stage where the exposure target is placed, wherein by the stage moving the exposure target in a predetermined scan direction, the light illuminates the exposure target by the projection optical system scans on the exposure target, the spatial light modulator includes a plurality of mirrors that rotates around a tilt axis extending in a direction orthogonal to both the scan and an optical axis directions of the projection optical system, the mirrors become an ON state by adjusting a tilt of each mirror relative to the scan direction and thereby emit light to the system, and the exposure apparatus includes an angle adjustment mechanism that adjusts a tilt angle of the spatial light modulator relative to the scan direction.

Abstract: A blade member on a surface of which a groove structure is formed, wherein the groove structure includes a plurality of first groove structures, a plurality of second groove structures, and a third groove structure, the plurality of first groove structures are formed to extend in a first direction, the plurality of second groove structures are formed to extend in a second direction that is different from the first direction, the third groove structure extends along a third direction that is different from the first and second directions, and is formed between one first groove structure and one second groove structure.

Abstract: An image capturing element includes a first substrate having a plurality of pixel blocks including at least one pixel, the plurality of pixel blocks being arranged to be aligned in a row direction and a column direction, and a second substrate having a plurality of control blocks including a conversion unit which converts a signal output from the pixel into a digital signal and a through electrode unit configured to output the signal converted into the digital signal by the conversion unit, the plurality of control blocks being arranged to be aligned in the row direction and the column direction.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes an exposure module that includes a spatial light modulator and projects and exposes pattern light generated by the spatial light modulator onto a substrate, and a determination unit configured to, when a plurality of substrates scheduled to be arranged on a substrate holder include a first substrate having a defect, determine a plurality of substrates to be arranged on the substrate holder from the plurality of substrates scheduled to be arranged on the substrate holder, based on a predetermined handling method for the first substrate.

Abstract: A lens barrel includes first and second yokes each having a length in an optical axis direction, a third yoke that has a length in the optical axis direction and is disposed between the first and second yokes, first and second magnets disposed on the first and second yokes, respectively, a coil that is penetrated by the third yoke and is movable in the optical axis direction by magnetic forces of the first and second magnets, and a lens holding frame that holds a lens and is movable together with the coil in the optical axis direction, wherein a first plane including a first side surface, which is farther from the third yoke, of the first yoke intersects with a second plane including a second side surface, which is farther from the third yoke, of the second yoke.

Abstract: A shaping apparatus is equipped with: a beam shaping system having a beam irradiation section that includes a condensing optical system which emits a beam and a material processing section which supplies a shaping material irradiated by the beam from the beam irradiation section; and a controller which, on the basis of 3D data of a three-dimensional shaped object to be formed on a target surface, controls a workpiece movement system and the beam shaping system such that a target portion on the target surface is shaped by supplying the shaping material from the material processing section while moving the beam from the beam irradiation section and the target surface on a workpiece (or a table) relative to each other. Further the intensity distribution of the beam in the shaping plane facing the emitting surface of the condensing optical system can be modified.

Abstract: An image processing method comprising acquiring a first fundus image obtained by photographing a fundus using first light having a first wavelength, and a second fundus image obtained by photographing the fundus using second light having a second wavelength that is shorter than the first wavelength; specifying, in the first fundus image, respective positions of retinal blood vessels appearing in the second fundus image; and generating a choroidal blood vessel image by processing the positions identified in the first fundus image.

Abstract: A device includes: a distribution information acquiring part configured to acquire, based on an image in which a plurality of cells that are cultivated in a predetermined area are imaged, distribution information relating to a distribution in the predetermined area of the plurality of cells; and a determination part configured to determine a cultivated state of the plurality of cells based on the distribution information acquired by the distribution information acquiring part.

Abstract: An image display method executed by a processor comprises displaying a screen including a two-dimensional fundus image of an examined eye and a three-dimensional eyeball image of the examined eye, finding a second region in the three-dimensional eyeball image that corresponds to a first region specified in the two-dimensional fundus image, and displaying a mark indicating the second region in the three-dimensional eyeball image.

Abstract: A variable magnification optical system comprising, in order from an object side, a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power, a third lens group having positive refractive power, and a rear lens group having positive refractive power; upon varying a magnification, a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group being varied, a distance between the second lens group and the third lens group being varied, and a distance between the third lens group and the rear lens group being varied; the rear lens group comprising a focusing lens group which is moved upon carrying out focusing from an infinitely distant object to a closely distant object; and predetermined conditional expression(s) being satisfied, thereby various aberrations being corrected superbly.

Abstract: An optical apparatus, which illuminates a first area with light from a light source while the first area is longer in a second direction intersecting a first direction than in the first direction, includes a collector optical member which is arranged in an optical path between the light source and the first area, and condenses the light from the light source to form a second area in a predetermined plane, the second area being longer in a fourth direction intersecting a third direction than in the third direction; and a first fly's eye optical member which is provided within the predetermined plane including the second area, and has a plurality of first optical elements guiding the light of the collector optical member to the first area.

Abstract: A catoptric system having a reference axis and first, second, and third reflectors. The first reflector contains a pattern-source carrying a substantially one-dimensional pattern. A combination of the second and third reflectors is configured to form an optical image of the pattern, with a demagnification coefficient N>1 in extreme UV light, and with only two beams of light that have originated at the first reflector as a result of irradiation of the first reflector with light incident upon it. An exposure apparatus employing the catoptric system and method of device manufacturing with the use of the exposure apparatus.

Abstract: A variable magnification optical system comprises, in order from an object side, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power and a fourth lens group G4 having negative refractive power; upon varying a magnification, a distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2 being varied, a distance between the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 being varied, and a distance between the third lens group G3 and the fourth lens group G4 being varied; upon focusing, the fourth lens group G4 being moved; and a predetermined conditional expression being satisfied.

Abstract: Provided is a control device for controlling an imaging condition of a sensor having one or more pixels, comprising an event detection unit for detecting an event indicating that a luminance signal changes in excess of a predetermined threshold value in one or more pixels, and for outputting an event detection signal; a counter for counting a number of events detected by the event detection unit; and a control unit for controlling the imaging condition of the sensor, based on the event detection signal. In addition, provided is a control method for controlling an imaging condition of a sensor having one or more pixels. The control method comprises detecting an event indicating that a luminance signal changes in excess of a predetermined threshold value in one or more pixels; counting a number of events; and controlling the imaging condition of the sensor, based on the detection of events.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor thin film including a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor, in which Qp and Qt to be measured using a predetermined measurement method satisfy a predetermined requirement (1) and a rocking scan pattern has a ratio Ipeak/Ibas, that is a ratio of Ipeak which is a peak intensity of a maximum peak with respect to Ibas which is a base line value, of less than 10: 0.06?Qp/Qt?0.5 . . . (1).

Abstract: An image processing device includes a determination unit configured to determine a type of autophagy induced in a cell, based on information indicative of autophagic activity in the cell present in a cell image in which the cell is image captured and based on information indicative of congestion of molecules in the cell present in the cell image.

Abstract: An image sensor, includes: a first pixel and a second pixel, in a first direction, each including a first photoelectric conversion unit and a light-shielding unit and outputting a signal; a third pixel and a fourth pixel, in the first direction, each including a second photoelectric conversion unit and outputting a signal; a first signal line and a second signal line, in the first direction, each of which can be connected to the first pixel, the second pixel, the third pixel and the fourth pixel; and a control unit that performs a first control in which a signal of the first pixel is output to the first signal line and a signal of the second pixel is output to the second signal line, and a second control in which a signal of the third pixel and a signal of the fourth pixel are output to the first signal line.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes: an input unit that inputs data for imaging conditions for each of a plurality of imaging regions included in an image capturing unit, different imaging conditions being set for each of the imaging regions; and a recording control unit that correlates the data for imaging conditions inputted from the input unit with the imaging regions and records correlated data in a recording unit.