Abstract: A process for producing a novel intramolecular pyrophosphonate for example, dimethyl-p-menthane-2,7-diylpyrophosphonate by heating a diphosphonate for example, tetramethyl-p-menthane-2,7-diyldiphosphonate to a temperature between about 200.degree. C. and 300.degree. C. for a period from about 0.5 to about 10 hours, e.g., 6 hours.

Abstract: A process for allylic rearrangement, particularly terpenoid allylic rearrangement, utilizing certain acid forming metals to form an ester or alcoholate (alcohologen) of the allylic alcohol to be rearranged, isomerizing and cleaving the alcohologen in the presence of a transition metal compound catalyst and recovering the rearranged alcohol.

Abstract: Electrophotographic members prepared by coating a paper or film with a slurry of photoconductive metal-compound particles, e.g., zinc oxide particles, dispersed in a liquid vehicle containing a solution of resinous binder having carboxyl groups. Viscosity of the coating slurry is controlled and/or stabilized by incorporating into the slurry a viscosity stabilizing agent comprising a chelate precursor which forms with the binder a chelating agent having the property of complexing metal ions, e.g., zinc ions, by formation of a ring structure incorporating the metal ion. Suitable viscosity stabilizing agents include: ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its salts.

Abstract: d-3-Menthene of high optical purity is obtained by the selective isomerization/hydrogenation of d-isolimonene in the presence of minor amounts of a palladium catalyst at temperatures up to 200.degree. C. and pressures of preferably about 100-500 psig.

Abstract: An ungelled composition of matter comprising a compound containing groups reactive with isocyanate, a compound containing groups reactive with mercaptan, and a carbamothioate curing agent adapted to generate a plurality of curing units upon being subjected to heating above about critical temperature. The generated curing units contain isocyanate groups, mercaptan groups, or combinations thereof. In preferred embodiments of this invention, the ungelled composition is adapted for use in powder coatings, anodic electrocoating, and cathodic electrocoating.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel cyclic terpenoid amines which can be prepared by cyclizing the corresponding acyclic terpenoid amine.CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONSThis application is related to applicant's commonly owned copending application Ser. No. 916,966 filed 19 June 1978, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,179,468 dated 18 Dec. 1979 and entitled Cyclic Terpenoid Onium Salts, Their Preparation and Uses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for improving the corrosion resistance of a stainless steel powder or compact thereof wherein said powder is produced by atomizing a melt of metals in an oxidizing environment whereby the resulting stainless steel powder is surface-enriched in silicon oxides. The process comprises adding an effective proportion of modifier metal to said melt prior to said atomization, said modifier metal selected from the group consisting of tin, aluminum, lead, zinc, magnesium, rare earth metals and like metals capable of enrichment about the surface of said resulting atomized stainless steel powder and effective under reductive sintering conditions in the depletion of said silicon oxides about said surface; and sintering said resulting atomized powder or a compact thereof under reducing conditions, said sintered powder or compact thereof being depleted in said silicon oxides and the corrosion resistance of said powder or compact thereof being improved thereby.

Abstract: A new process for synthesizing menthofuran is disclosed. Said process comprises epoxidizing isopulegol to form the new compound isopulegol epoxide. The epoxide is then oxidized to form isopulegone epoxide which can be cyclodehydrated to form menthofuran.

Abstract: A boron-containing nickel or cobalt spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powder contains hard precipitates of chromium boride and, optionally, chromium carbide which are internally precipitated from a melt of said alloy. Such alloy powder is made by atomizing the melt at about the temperature at which the melt is viscous.

Abstract: An improved electrocoating composition can be produced by first reacting an isocyanate terminated prepolymer with a minor amount of peroxide to provide a polyurethane polymer blocked with pendant peroxide groups, and then coreacting acrylic monomers with minor amounts of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of the preformed polyurethane-peroxide polymer to provide polyurethane copolymer with said monomers. The resulting polyurethane acrylic block copolymer can contain carboxyl or amine groups for dispersing into a dilute aqueous solution and provide an anodic or cathodic electrocoating composition.

Abstract: A coffee whitener having as major ingredients, dry basis, a sweetner, a water-dispersible protein, and a lipid system, wherein said lipid system is a fluid shortening comprising a hydrogenated, beta-tending, predominantly C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 oil having an IV of about 85-100 and a solid-fat index at 50.degree. F. of about 10-18; and stably dispersed therein, a stabilizing amount of a fine crystalline; normally solid phase fat or fatty acid derived food stabilizer component; and an emulsifying amount of an oil/water emulsifier. The fluid shortening is capable of being metered into the coffee whitener formulation during manufacture, and is capable of use at substantially reduced levels as compared to conventional lipid systems for coffee whiteners.

Abstract: A low-fat comestible spread which is plastic in consistency similar in properties to margarine or other such spreads, and process for making same. The spread comprises an oil-in-water emulsion having stably dispersed therein about 20% to about 40% fat, a lipoidal emulsifier, a water soluble or dispersible thickening agent for the water, and advantageously, flavor and colorant, the fat having a Wiley Melting Point in the range of about 75.degree. F. to about 106.degree. F., a solid-fat index at 92.degree. F. not substantially greater than about 20 and a solid-fat index at 100.degree. F. not substantially greater than zero. A preferred emulsifier is a normally plastic partial fatty acid ester of a polyalcohol having an HLB value less than about 5. A preferred thickening agent is a cellulose ether, advantageously in combination with a thixotropic thickening agent.

Abstract: Crystallizable lipid is fractionally crystallized from a fugitive solvent therefor in a crystallization zone wherefrom a washed crystal containing slurry substantially depleted in liquid lipid is withdrawn and the crystals are separated from such washed slurry.

Abstract: A platen variable apparatus is disclosed for rotatably adjusting a platen in step increments and in fine amounts in a typewriter. The apparatus includes an individual hub member rotatably mounted on a platen extension and having teeth thereon intermeshed with teeth of a flexspline fixed on the platen extension. A coarse adjusting member is fixedly coupled on the platen extension for positively rotating the platen in step increments controlled by a detent. A rotatable fine adjusting wheel has an internal wave generator surface that cooperates with the flexspline for moving the flexspline relative to the hub member which adjusts the platen in fine amounts.

Abstract: An improved stabilized fluid shortening containing conditioning agents and softening agents for use in baking comprises about 4 to 10 weight parts of soft or hard mono- and diglyceride, about 2 to 8 weight parts of ethoxylated mono- and diglyceride, about 2 to 8 weight parts of a solid phase ester emulsifier selected from the group consisting of a succinylated mono- and diglyceride and an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an acyl lactylate, and about 40 to about 70 weight parts of liquid vegetable oil, wherein the fluid shortening is in a stabilized dispersion. The fluid shortening can be produced as a concentrate and can be hydrated with water to produce a hydrated fluid shortening.The shortening may also contain about 0 to about 3 weight parts of solid stearine.

Abstract: An inventive composition has a fat fraction comprising about 15-40 parts cocoa butter, about 0-25 parts butterfat, with the sum of the parts of cocoa butter and butterfat being not substantially in excess of about 40, and about 60-85 parts of a confectioner's hard butter. Such hard butter is essentially all 16-18 carbon atom triglycerides, is chemically quite dissimilar from cocoa butter, and has an SFI profile and melting characteristic somewhat higher than cocoa butter. Surprisingly, such hard butter is a fine replacement fat for cocoa butter, particularly when the composition contains some butterfat. The present invention is also directed to finished confectionery food compositions employing the subject inventive composition.

Abstract: An improved imitation acid-set cheese product, prepared from a formulation containing a hydrogenated vegetable oil, an edible protein, a calcium containing salt such as calcium chloride, and edible acid such as lactic acid, flavoring and color, can be obtained by adding to the formulation an organic emulsifier which is fluid at ambient temperature and has an HLB value of more than about 10. Preferred emulsifiers are polyglycerol esters of fatty acids such as octaglycerol monooleate, polysorbates such as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate. ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides such as polyoxyethylene (20) mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids and sugar esters.

Abstract: An acid-solubilized aqueous dispersion particularly suitable for use in the cathodic electrocoating art and stable up to pH of about 9 comprises the product of reacting substantially all of the epoxide groups of a polyether diepoxide with from about 1.25 to 2 moles of a polyamine having from 2 to 5 amine groups to form a precursor adduct and subsequently reacting this precursor adduct with about 0.2 to 2 moles of a mono-epoxide having a hydrolysis-resistant normal alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms to form a substantially epoxy-free polyamino polyhydroxy polyether resinous adduct, a sufficient proportion of the amine groups of said polyamine being primary or secondary to provide an amino hydrogen for reaction with every epoxide group of both the diepoxide and the mono-epoxide, and about 0.05 to 0.4 weight parts (per part of the resinous adduct) of an aminoplast resin having at least about one gram-equivalent of carboxylic acid groups with pK.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the coupling of a Grignard reagent RMgX with an allylic halide in the presence of a dipolar aprotic solvent wherein the improvement, for obtaining improved yield and selectivity, comprises adding a catalyst to said Grignard or allylic halide and then carrying out the coupling reaction by the addition of the Grignard reagent to the allylic halide, said reaction being characterized by the displacement at the gamma position (relative to the halide) of the allylic halide with R of the Grignard reagent, migration of the allylic double bond in the direction of the halogen atom and loss of halogen. The present invention also resides in the discovery of certain novel procedures for the synthesis of Vitamin E. Specific embodiments of this aspect of the invention reside in the syntheses of 6,7-dehydrophytol, 10,11-dihydrofarnesene, phytone, hexahydropseudoionone, and related compounds as precursors for Vitamin E.