Abstract: Electrode grids for lead storage batteries comprise a lead alloy which, in addition to calcium and tin and, if appropriate, silver, contains of aluminum, the aluminum content being in the range of approximately 0.012% to 0.02% by weight, and the average grain diameter in the web and frame area of the grids is 200 &mgr;m-600 &mgr;m. Preferably, the aluminum content is in the range of approximately 0.014% to 0.02%, the calcium content is approximately between 0.04 and 0.06%, the tin content is approximately between 0.5 to 1.0%, and optionally 0.5 to 0.7%, and the silver content is approximately between 0.005 and 0.06%.

Abstract: A galvanic cell has an anode gel, an alkaline electrolyte, and a cathode material, separated from the anode gel by a separator. The anode gel has mercury-free zinc powder, and the cathode material has manganese dioxide, as well as salt-like calcium compounds in solid form.

Abstract: Suitable as active cathode material for an electrochemical lithium secondary cell are oxygen-deficient spinels Li1+xMn2−xO4−&dgr; , where 0≦x≦0.33 and 0.01≦&dgr;≦0.5. Their region of existence in a phase diagram laid out between the corner points MnO, MnO2 and Li2MnO3 for lithium manganese oxide compounds is defined by the corner compounds LiMn2O4, Li2Mn4O7, Li8Mn10O21 and Li4/3Mn5/3O4, all the compounds along the lines LiMn2O4—Li4/3Mn5/3O4 and LiMn2O4—Li2Mn2O4 being excepted. The spinels are produced by a modified ceramic process from a mixture of Li-containing and Mn-containing starting substances whose reaction product is reduced by roasting in an Ar/H2 atmosphere. The Li components x can be replaced partially or completely by foreign monovalent or multivalent cations from the series consisting of Co, Mg, Zn, Ni, Ca, Bi, Ti, V, Rh or Cu.

Abstract: A multi-cell storage battery, in particular to a lithium storage battery, which contains a temperature control device and in which groups of one or more individual cells arranged alongside one another are separated from one another by a thermally insulating solid layer whose coefficient of thermal conductivity lies between 0.01 and 0.2 W/(m*K), the thermal resistance of the solid layer being greater by at least a factor .lambda. than the thermal resistance of the individual cell. The individual cell is connected, at least in a region free of insulating material, to a heat exchanger, the thermal resistance of the heat exchanger in the direction toward the neighboring cell being selected to be greater by at least a factor .lambda. than the thermal resistance of the individual cell and, in addition, the thermal resistance of the heat exchanger toward the temperature control medium being selected to be smaller by at least a factor of about 10 than the thermal resistance of the individual cell, and .lambda.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering metals from used nickel/hydride storage batteries, in which storage battery scrap has been mechanically comminuted and divided into at least a coarse fraction and a fine fraction capable of being treated separately from one another. The process comprises the steps of digesting and dissolving the fine fraction with a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, performing a double sulfate precipitation of the rare earths by raising the pH, performing a precipitation of the iron and of the aluminum by further raising the pH, performing a solvent extraction of other metals to separate nickel and cobalt which remain in the aqueous phase from the other metals which are extracted into the organic phase. Optionally, the nickel and the cobalt can be separated from each other and, if desired, the mixed-metal rare earth component which has been recovered can be melted together with cobalt and nickel alloy for the fabrication of new batteries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated lithium-ion cell which comprises flexible layers, wherein the negative electrode is lithium metal, lithium alloy or a metallic bonded fiber web or a foam, which comprises a lithium-intercalating material such as carbon, graphite, tungsten dioxide, molybdenum dioxide, titanium dioxide, titanium disulfide or vanadium pentoxide as the active component, the separator is made of a porous polymer in which a non-aqueous electrolyte is immobilized, and the positive electrode as the active material comprises lithiated manganese dioxide, manganese spinel, lithium-metal oxides, lithium-metal mixed oxides or lithium-metal sulfides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium intercalation cells which contain a dissociable lithium salt dispersed in a polymeric matrix, the polymeric matrix being a self-supporting film of a copolymer of vinylidene difluoride and hexafluoropropylene, in which the plasticizer is exchanged for a solution of the dissociable lithium salt, so that the polymeric electrolyte 20 to 70 wt % of the solution of the dissociable lithium salt, and is characterized in that a plasticizer is used which is stable under the electrochemical conditions of a rechargeable lithium intercalation cell and is selected from the group consisting of hexylene carbonate, octylene carbonate or tributyl phosphate.

Abstract: In a voltaic cell, especially in the form of a button cell, with a metal housing sealed liquid-tight including a cell cup and a cell lid electrically insulated against it by a seal, the seal is formed from a sealing part produced by deep drawing from a plastic film. This sealing part is shrink-fitted onto the edge of the cell lid. To produce the voltaic cell, a sealing part is formed by deep drawing from a plastic film, which sealing part is subsequently placed on the edge of the cell lid, shrink-fitted onto the edge of the cell lid and the cell cup is flanged around it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rechargeable button cell, which contains negative and positive electrodes in the form of tablets separated by a separator and an alkaline electrolyte in a casing which is formed from a lower part in the form of a cup and an upper part in the form of a lid which fits therein, the casing parts being sealed in a gas-tight manner by swaging or crimping with the interposition of a sealing ring. The button cells according to the invention have a sealing ring (4) which has on the edge pointing into the button cell at least 3 retaining tabs (9) which hold and center the electrode tablet (3) located in the casing upper part (1). The method according to the invention for manufacturing the button cell is distinguished by separate prior assembly of the casing lower part with the positive electrode and the casing upper part with the negative electrode.

Abstract: An electrode set (i.e., a separator between two electrodes) is placed within an electrically nonconductive mounting cage prior to sealing the mounting cage/electrode set assembly within a battery container having a cup-shaped lower part and a lid-shaped upper part. In a preferred embodiment, the mounting cage has a ring from which extend retaining arms with a projection at the end. The retaining arms are interconnected by curved-rib connections positioned near the separator. The mounting cage enables the electrode set to be accurately assembled before being sealed within the battery container. The ring of the mounting cage forms a sealing ring between the battery container (which acts as one electrical contact for the battery) and a contact spring that is placed within the mounting cage before the electrode set and acts as the other electrical contact. The retaining arms and projections hold the components of the electrode set accurately in place during battery assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium ion cell, comprising a positive electrode which contains a chalkogen compound, containing lithium, of a transition metal, a non-aqueous electrolyte and a negative electrode which is separator-isolated and contains carbon, which is characterized in that the cell contains lithium metal or a lithium alloy in a form physically separated from the electrodes, the lithium metal or the lithium alloy having a connection for the main lead of an electrode and, via the electrolyte, an ionic connection for the electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rechargeable lithium-ion cell, a method for its manufacture, and its application. The cell is distinguished by the fact that it has a metallic housing (21) which is electrically insulated internally by two half shells (15), which cover electrode plates (8) and main output tabs (7) and are composed of a non-conductive material, where the metallic housing is electrically insulated externally by means of an insulation coating. The cell also has a bursting membrane (4) which, in its normal position, is located above the electrolyte level of the cell (1). In addition, the cell has a twisting protection (6) which extends over the entire surface of the cover (2) and provides centering and assembly functions for the electrode package, which comprises the electrode plates (8).

Abstract: A battery housing for an electrical device, such as a portable telephone, has a locking mechanism that locks the battery housing in place onto the housing of the portable device. The locking mechanism has a locking finger that is inserted into an opening in the device housing. The locking finger is spring mounted on the housing bottom of the battery housing and collaborates with at least one sliding surface which preferably has the shape of an inclined plane over which the locking finger can be forced out of the locked position by means of a movable key.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkaline primary cells comprising a zinc gel as the anode material, an aqueous alkaline electrolyte, a separator and a cathode material containing manganese dioxide, wherein the cathode material comprises 0.1-5% by weight of alkali metal titanates and/or alkaline earth metal titanates.

Abstract: A prismatic electrochemical cell includes electrode plate blocks in which the stacked positive and negative electrode plates are separated by separators and are connected by current conductors to the corresponding terminal posts by crimping current conductors in the form of wires to collar-shaped portions of the terminal posts.

Abstract: As an active material for its negative electrode, a hydrogen storage alloy for a Ni/H battery has the compositionMmNi.sub.v Al.sub.w Mn.sub.x Co.sub.y M.sub.z,where Mm is a misch metal, M is Fe, Cu, or a mixture of Fe and Cu, and where0.1.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.4,0.2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.4,0.3.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.5,0.2.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.4, and4.9.ltoreq.v+w+x+y+z.ltoreq.5.1.The partial substitution of Co by M, in conjunction with a special production method including the steps of atomizing the molten alloy, followed by heat-treatment and pulverization, leads to an alloy having a particularly high cycle lifetime and discharge capability.

Abstract: To provide an improved high-temperature cycle lifetime, an alloy for use as active material for the negative electrode of an alkaline, rechargeable nickel-metal hydride battery has the compositionMm.sub.1-u E.sub.u Ni.sub.v Co.sub.w Al.sub.x Mn.sub.y M.sub.z, whereMm is a misch metal including La and Ce, and which can further include Pr, Nd and/or other lanthanides,E is Ti and/or Zr, with 0.01.ltoreq.u.ltoreq.0.1, andM is Fe and/or Cu, with 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.4, wherein0.2.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.4,0.3.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.5,0.2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.4, and4.9.ltoreq.v+w+x+y+z.ltoreq.5.1.

Abstract: A multicell storage battery, especially of the nickel/hydride type, is provided with pressure safeties for protection against high internal pressures. The pressure safeties respond at a preassigned critical pressure, causing mechanical changes in shape or through destruction which can be optically or electrically monitored. For example, a hinged lid is caused to swing up responsive to a rupture disk, interrupting a light beam. Alternatively, a rupture disk is coated with a conducting enamel and is connected by lead wires to form an electrical circuit which is interrupted responsive to damage of the enamel layer (e.g., responsive to bursting of the membrane).

Abstract: A gastight, sealed metal oxide/metal hydride storage battery, in particular, a nickel/metal hydride button cell, includes an auxiliary electrode with an active material composed of the same hydrogen storage alloy as that of the negative electrode with which the auxiliary electrode is electrically associated. As a result, the auxiliary electrode can maintain both oxygen consumption as well as hydrogen consumption (in the event of overcharging or polarity reversal of the cell). High gas consumption rates in the event of overcharging and polarity reversal are achieved with a strongly hydrophobic adjustment of the auxiliary electrode and a relatively weakly hydrophobic or hydrophilic adjustment of the negative electrode (by means of hydrophobic or hydrophilic binder additions, respectively), and by adding a highly conductive metal powder (Cu or Ni) to the mass of the negative electrode. Also achieved is a good discharge capacity, even at high currents of up to 2 CA.