Abstract: Disclosed are fiber optic devices and related methods that allow for measurement of blood flow and oxygenation in real time. These devices have particular application to the spinal cord. Such devices have applicability in, for example, the care of military members sustaining combatant and noncombatant spinal injuries, as well as to civilians. The devices also have utility in the acute and subacute management of spine trauma, enhancing the efficacy of interventions aimed at the prevention of secondary ischemic injury, and ultimately improving neurologic outcome.

Abstract: A sensor port is adapted to connect to either a sensor or a data source. A reader is configured to identify which of the sensor and the data source is connected to the sensor port. A data path is configured to communicate an analog signal associated with the sensor and digital data associated with the data source to a signal processor according to the identification made by the reader.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for tissue dissection and testing are disclosed herein. A method for tissue dissection and testing may comprise inserting a tissue dissecting wand (TD) through an incision in a patient's body. The TD may comprise a tip having a plurality of protrusions with lysing segments positioned between the protrusions to dissect and/or modify tissue. The TD may also comprise a sensor dock positioned on top of the TD that is configured to allow tissue and/or body fluid contact to a sensor. After separating tissue using the lysing segment(s) to access a target region, the sensor may be activated and moved around within the target region to assess tissues.

Abstract: In a biological information processing apparatus, a variation index value calculation section calculates a variation index value on the basis of a plurality of measured values obtained by measuring biological information of a subject. A display data generation section generates display data which is used to display a measurement result and undergoes identification display corresponding to the variation index value.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sensor calibration and sensor glucose (SG) fusion are used advantageously to improve the accuracy and reliability of orthogonally redundant glucose sensor devices, which may include optical and electrochemical glucose sensors. Calibration for both sensors may be achieved via fixed-offset and/or dynamic regression methodologies, depending, e.g., on sensor stability and Isig-Ratio pair correlation. For SG fusion, respective integrity checks may be performed for SG values from the optical and electrochemical sensors, and the SG values calibrated if the integrity checks are passed. Integrity checks may include checking for sensitivity loss, noise, and drift. If the integrity checks are failed, in-line sensor mapping between the electrochemical and optical sensors may be performed prior to calibration.

Abstract: Optical measurement of physiological parameters with wearable devices often includes measuring signals in the presence of significant noise sources. These noise sources include, but are not limited to, noise associated with: variable optical coupling to skin or tissue, variations in tissue optical properties with time due to changes in humidity, temperature, hydration, variations in tissue optical properties between individuals, variable coupling of ambient light sources into detectors, and instrument and detector noise, including electrical noise, radio frequency or magnetic interference, or noise caused by mechanical movement of the detector or its components. The present disclosure includes devices and methods configured to produce representations of the raw data in which noise, broadly defined, is separated from the data of interest. The disclosed devices and methods may include subtracting or calibrating out these noise sources and other spurious fluctuations in wearable devices with optical sensors.

Abstract: A biosensor identifies a blood type using photoplethysmography (PPG) technology. A PPG circuit obtains a plurality of spectral responses at a plurality of wavelengths detected from skin of a user. A processing circuit determines a blood factor indicator using the plurality of spectral responses. The blood factor indicator may include a signal quality parameter or a ratio R value. A calibration database includes a correlation of the blood factor indicator to a plurality of blood types. The blood blood type of the user is identified using the blood factor indicator and the calibration database.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biointerface membrane for use with an implantable device that interferes with the formation of a barrier cell layer including; a first domain distal to the implantable device wherein the first domain supports tissue attachment and interferes with barrier cell layer formation and a second domain proximal to the implantable device wherein the second domain is resistant to cellular attachment and is impermeable to cells. In addition, the present invention provides sensors including the biointerface membrane, implantable devices including these sensors or biointerface membranes, and methods of monitoring glucose levels in a host utilizing the analyte detection implantable device of the invention. Other implantable devices which include the biointerface membrane of the present invention, such as devices for cell transplantation, drug delivery devices, and electrical signal delivery or measuring devices are also provided.

Abstract: A system for measuring and/or monitoring an analyte present on the skin is provided. The system includes a substrate that may be attached to an external skin surface and a reader device. The substrate includes a sensor comprising aptamer conjugates and is configured to obtain one or more measurements related to at least one analyte in the perspiration or interstitial fluid. The reader device is configured to detect the analyte in the least one of perspiration or interstitial fluid via interaction with the substrate.

Abstract: A catheter system and related method for measuring the oxidation state of biological molecules in a region of a measurement site of a subject. The system may include a catheter device having one or more emitters in mechanical communication with the catheter and configured to make contact with a tissue wall of the subject. The catheter device also includes one or more detectors in mechanical communication with the catheter and configured to make contact with the tissue wall of the subject. The emitters and the detector are in electromagnetic radiation communication with one another, whereby the electromagnetic radiation communication allows visible radiation or near infrared radiation emitted by emitters to be detected by the detector to determine tissue oxidation state of the region of the measurement site of the subject.

Abstract: A biological information measurement device according to the present invention detects a signal expressing biological information from a fingertip using an internal sensor (S1). A first perfusion index and first biological information aside from the first perfusion index are obtained from the signal detected by the internal sensor (S2, S3). It is determined whether or not the first perfusion index is greater than or equal to a first threshold (S4). When the first perfusion index is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first biological information is permitted to be displayed in a display unit (S5). However, when the first perfusion index is less than the first threshold, a notification is made indicating that an external sensor that is lighter than a main body, is an entity separate from the main body, and is communicably connected to the main body is to be used (S6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for noninvasive measurement of parameters of a bodily tissue, the measuring device having a sensor unit and a sensor mat for detachable placement of the device on a body surface. The sensor unit (1) has a receptacle (6), the interior of which accommodates a sensor arrangement, wherein the receptacle (6) has a sensor surface (15) in the direction of the body surface. The sensor mat (8) has a cutout (11) for accommodating the sensor unit (1) and a contact surface (14), at least partially surrounding the sensor unit (1), for placement on the body surface (9). A cover (12) is provided for closing the cutout (11) over an upper side of the sensor unit (1) and the sensor mat (8) during a measurement of parameters. The sensor unit (1), the sensor mat (8) and the cover (12) are detachable from one another.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: a phosphor and first and second blue laser light sources that emit first white light and second white light having different emission spectrums; a sensor that images an observation target under illumination with the first white light and outputs a first image signal and images the observation target under illumination with the second white light and outputs a second image signal; a movement amount calculation unit that calculates the movement amount of the observation target based on the first or second image signal; and an oxygen saturation calculation unit that calculates the oxygen saturation based on the movement amount in at least one of a first mode, in which the oxygen saturation is calculated using the first and second image signals, and a second mode, in which the oxygen saturation is calculated using the first image signal.

Abstract: An optical detection method and system are provided. Sample light is delivered into an anatomical structure having a target voxel, whereby a portion of the sample light passing through the target voxel is scattered by the anatomical structure as signal light, and another portion of the sample light not passing through the target voxel is scattered by the anatomical structure as background light that is combined with the signal light to create a sample light pattern. The sample light pattern and the reference light having an M number of different phases are concurrently combined to respectively generate an M number of interference light patterns. The M number of interference light patterns are detected. M pluralities of values representative of spatial components of the respective M number of interference light patterns are generated, and a physiologically-dependent optical parameter of the target voxel is determined based on the M pluralities of values.

Abstract: A device for the real-time in vivo detection of a number of conditions within the patient, including CTCs, circulating nucleic acids, other circulating elements, blood pressure, heart rate data, pulse oxygen concentration, serum electrolyte concentrations, blood glucose, and pH, the device having an implanted subcutaneous access port in the chest region and a catheter having a terminus in the superior vena cava, the device having microelectronic circuitry with a rechargeable energy source encased in a titanium shell, an NIR laser sealed in the titanium-enclosed circuitry platform, and NIR-specific optical fibers (nir-FO) for transmitting the NIR photons to the end of the catheter tube in the superior vena cava. Scattered NIR photons are collected through the end of a second nir-FO bundle and transmitted back to the detector and microprocessor on the portal platform.

Abstract: Provided are a photoplethysmographic measurement apparatus, a photoplethysmographic measurement method, and an apparatus for measuring a biosignal. The photoplethysmographic measurement apparatus includes a probe, a light emitter comprising a nonelectrical light source and disposed at one end of the probe, the light emitter configured to illuminate a measurement part, and a light receiver disposed at another end of the probe and configured to detect light reflected or transmitted by the illuminated measurement part.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting the amount or concentration of an analyte in a medium in living organism. The system may include an analyte sensor module and a transmitter module, which may be separate and distinct components. The analyte sensor module and transmitter module may be at different locations but connected by one or more transmission elements. The analyte sensor may include indicator elements configured to exhibit a detectable property based on the amount or concentration of the analyte in proximity to the indicator elements. The analyte sensor may include sensor elements configured to generate a data signal based on the detectable property exhibited by the indicator elements. The transmission elements may be configured to convey data signals generated by the sensor elements from the analyte sensor module to the transmitter module. The transmitter module may include an antenna.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for the design and assembly of a device including a sensor capable and a compatible matrix material incorporated into a dressing. The sensor is capable of detecting analytes such as molecular oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitric oxides, dissolved analytes in plasma, and hydrogen ions, and the matrix is at least partially permeable to the analyte. The device emits a detectable signal when the sensor is excited in the presence of the analyte.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to Method for monitoring a dialysis treatment of a patient, preferably for monitoring a haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and/or peritoneal dialysis treatment of a patient, the method including the steps of: irradiating a sample of a dialysis fluid used in the dialysis treatment with linearly polarized irradiation light; detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a first polarization plane; detecting the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid in a second polarization plane which is different from the first polarization plane; determining the anisotropy of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid; and determining the concentration of at least one fluorophore in the dialysis fluid on the basis of both, the determined anisotropy and the intensity of the fluorescence light emitted by the dialysis fluid.

Abstract: The systems, methods, and devices described herein generally involve monitoring and/or quantification of various analyte levels in a biological fluid using one or more implantable sensors. In various aspects, systems, methods, and devices described herein can provide for the in situ calibration and/or cleaning of such sensors when implanted in the patient. The systems and devices disclosed herein can, for example, continuously or serially measure analytes within a biological fluid in vivo (e.g., without extracting the biological fluid from the patient) and periodically calibrate and/or clean the sensor without using finger sticks or additional, invasive calibration techniques. By way of non-limiting example, systems and devices disclosed herein can enable continuous monitoring of analyte concentrations (e.g., glucose) in subcutaneous interstitial fluid for several hours to a few days.