Abstract: A sealing arrangement for a coking oven chamber is disclosed including a door selectively movable between opened and closed positions and a door frame surrounding the opening to the chamber. In the closed position, the door body faces the door frame and is spaced therefrom to define a sealing channel. A fluid sealing substance is injected into the channel through the door body while the door is closed. Inner and outer sealing strips may be provided on the door body to define the lateral confines of the sealing channel.

Abstract: The low temperature red form of mercuric iodide is grown by a chemical transport method which introduces organic monomers or polymers during the crystal growth process. Resulting crystals are in the form of platelets which are more directly useful in radiation detector device applications. Platelets near one centimeter in width and 200 .mu.m in thickness have been grown in periods of a few days using only 99.9% (unpurified) starting material.

Abstract: A coke dry quenching apparatus comprises a vertical chamber in the lower portion of which is disposed a quenching gas feeding means. The chamber has in its roof a charging hole and in its bottom a discharging gate. In the walls of the chamber is disposed a plurality of peripheral gas conduits communicated with the inner space of the chamber and with an annular collector having a common gas withdrawal conduit. According to the invention the hollow of the collector is divided by a horizontal partition provided with ports into two cavities communicating with one another, the lower cavity being communicated with the peripheral gas conduits and the upper one with the common gas withdrawal conduit.Due to the fact that the pressure of quenching gas in the lower cavity of the collector is equalized, the proposed apparatus ensures that the quenching gas flow rate through all the peripheral gas withdrawal conduits is practically equal, which provides for a uniform cooling of the whole mass of the coke being treated.

Abstract: In the process of transferring coke from a coke oven chamber in a battery of coke ovens to a quenching car, the coke is quenched by a water spray from above. The resulting steam is collected in a hood located above and movable with the quenching car and is either exhausted from the hood and conveyed to a condenser or is condensed in the hood with the condensate being collected, cooled and recirculated to provide the water for the quenching and condensing sprays. The apparatus and method of this invention provides for transferring and quenching the coke without emitting harmful gases and dust to the atmosphere.

Abstract: The wood gases of a facility for the carbonization of wood to produce a lump charcoal are passed to an afterburner. The afterburner utilizes auxiliary burner units set at an angle to the combustion chamber centerline to provide heat for increasing the temperature of the refractory liner to the combustion level. Combustion air is introduced into the chamber resulting in a rapid mixing of the air with the gas. As a result of the introduction of the combustion air, a cyclonic movement of the flame occurs resulting in continuous contact between the gas and the hot refractory during its passage through the combustion chamber. The burned wood gases are maintained at a predetermined temperature by mixture with ambient air and supplied directly for an end use comprising lumber drying kilns. The burned wood gases are thus capable of economically drying southern pine lumber to 20% moisture content in one-fifth the time required by natural air drying.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for pyrolyzing agglomerative coals which comprises introducing a fluidized bed of hot char particles into a pyrolysis chamber or reactor, and injecting upwardly into the chamber a high velocity jet of agglomerative coal particles in a carrier gas, the fluidized hot char particles surrounding the high velocity coal jet and heating the coal particles to yield gaseous products and char. The hot char particles in the fluidized state and disposed around the coal jet are entrained in the upwardly expanding coal jet and mixed with the coal particles, so that by the time the coal particles contact the pyrolysis chamber wall, such coal particles being heated by the char have passed through the tacky state and are no longer tacky and do not adhere to the chamber wall. The gaseous product and char formed during pyrolysis are rapidly removed from the pyrolysis chamber, and such char can be separated, e.g.

Abstract: A process for forming a relatively defect free layer of silicon on an insulating substrate wherein as soon as growth islands are formed on the substrate, to a point just prior to the complete coverage of the substrate with silicon, the formation of the layer is temporarily terminated. The growth islands are maintained at a given temperature for a predetermined period, to allow any defects, which may have started during the initial formation of the growth island, to be self-cured or to annihilate themselves. Thereafter, the growth of silicon is continued until the desired layer thickness is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes a closed-type vessel comprising a filtering chamber, at least one perforated filter cylinder a portion of which is positioned within the filtering chamber, said filter cylinder being rotatable at any desired speed and having a filtering surface covered with a filter cloth, and a squeezing roll and sealing roll which engage with said filter cylinder through the filter cloth at all times to define a sealing and operating wall. Any sewage to be treated is supplied under pressure to the filtering chamber and filtered through the filter cloth at the filtering surface of the filter cylinder. Filter cake deposited on the filter cloth is continuously transferred to the outer periphery of the squeeze roll and then separated therefrom outside the filtering chamber by any suitable means such as a scraper.

Abstract: A vapor-liquid contacting tray wherein a perforated portion of the tray member forms an active surface area for vapor-liquid contact in the interior of the tray member. The active surface area portion of the tray member is circumscribed by an imperforate peripheral portion of the tray member with a width of from 0.05 to 0.35 times the radius of the tray. The disclosed tray provides upwardly directed laminar jetting of liquid over the tray perforation openings for high selectivity vapor-liquid contacting and has particular utility in the absorption of hydrogen sulfide from a gas mixture containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Dual baffle aerators substantially prevent back-mixing of freshly aerated liquor into aerator intakes and provide directional propulsion. By connecting two or more such devices to form a barrier across the channel of an oxidation ditch, homogeneous aeration is provided to the mixed liquor.Barriered pump/aerator assemblies utilizing directional mix jet aerators (eddy jet) can also be combined with dual-baffle aerators.An adjustably apertured barriered pump assembly is opened sufficiently to conserve momentum in the translationally flowing liquor while preventing back-mixing of aerated liquor.Processes for providing point-source or multi-source aeration, by using two or more barriered pump assemblies, can be provided at one barrier and the advantages of point-source homogeneous aeration can be provided at another barrier, at least one barrier being adjustably apertured.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for cleaning the interior of gooseneck elbows of coke oven ascension pipes. A powered cleaning mechanism carried by the coke oven larry car is mounted on a platform that is reciprocably movable between the larry car and the elbow to be cleaned over a track and roller system protected against the disruptive effects of accumulated coal or other debris. A cam and follower arrangement is operative to automatically guide the operating end of the cleaning mechanism within the interior of the elbow thereby eliminating the need for a workman's manually guiding and manipulating the same.

Abstract: The addition of a getter consisting essentially of reactive oxides of boron and silicon, to a melt of an alkali metal halide serves to overcome problems of unacceptable color, afterglow and hardness attributable to trace impurities present in the melt. These trace impurities are generally metals present in a concentration less than 1 part per million (ppm) parts of melt. An ingot melt-grown from charge stock treated with the getter provides high quality optical bodies such as light pipes, laser windows and scintillators. Specific problems characteristic of a scintillator ingot grown from a highly purified alkali metal halide "remelt", such as is obtained by crushing and melting portions of a melt-grown ingot, are overcome by adding to the remelt a portion of fresh powder stock in which the getter has been uniformly distributed.

Abstract: In a coke oven coke side door machine, a bottom tray is mounted to collect spillage that results from the removal of coke oven doors as well as the residue buildup that is scraped from the door seals and bottom plugs during the door cleaning operation. Trays, in the form of inclined planes, are extended from the door machine to catch the coke spillage from the oven and to catch the residue buildup which is scraped from the door jambs during the jamb cleaning operations. This material gravitates down the trays into the catch pan. A scraper then pushes the material accumulated in the catch pan to one end of that catch pan where a conveyor carries it to a dump bucket. The dump bucket can be dumped when the door machine is positioned adjacent a quench car. All of the above apparatus is mounted onto and within the confines of the door machine.

Abstract: An extendible hopper is mounted to the undercarriage of a pusher machine and is operable to be extended to engage the face of the coke oven battery, between the buckstays and just below the door jamb, to catch hot coke that spills out of coke ovens as the door is removed and the pusher ram is retracted. A bin is also mounted to the undercarriage of the pusher machine to receive the hot coke collected by the extendible hopper. Quench sprays are mounted to the bin to quench the hot coke, and suction means are mounted to the bin to draw off pollutants that emanate from the hot coke and the quench thereof.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for purification of petroleum coke to produce an economical low sulfur product suitable for electrode production. Finely ground green coke is treated on an enclosed circular grate apparatus and subjected to sequential treatments in which hot gases are passed through a deep permeable bed of coke on the grate in a series of separate treating zones including a preheat zone, a heating and calcining zone, a desulfurizing zone in which hydrogen rich gas is passed through the heated bed, a reduction gas generation zone in which hydrocarbon and steam pass through hot coke to form hydrogen, and a cooling zone.Adequate temperatures for calcination and desulfurization are achieved and the proper heating rate is obtained without overheating the metal parts of the hearth by use of radiant and hot gas heating means in the calcining zone and in the desulfurizing zone and by introducing the air and/or fuel gas near the bottom of the coke bed.

Abstract: A battery-powered apparatus, for inducing air flow past a product capable of being vaporized, includes a compact housing that comprises a hollow outer shell and a hollow, generally cylindrical inner shell, having an axis, on which the operating components of the apparatus are supported. The inner shell is mounted with the outer shell by a hinge to pivot substantially on the axis between closed and open positions. In the closed position the inner shell compliments the outer shell to define an enclosed space and shield the apparatus components. In the open position, the inner shell is nested within the outer shell to expose the apparatus components. The product and a battery for powering the apparatus may be assembled into a cartridge formed to be received in the apparatus housing. Electrical battery contacts and a support for the cartridge in the housing are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing microorganisms from passing from outside into sterile closed systems containing sterile water or fluids for general or biomedical use wherein an ultraviolet light source is attached to the outlet valve, exposing it to an effective amount of ultraviolet light of a wavelength range of 2300A.degree. to 2900A.degree..

Abstract: A grid-shaped grate for carrying randomly poured particles or filler bodies in mass transfer columns. Each grate comprises of a plurality of grid walls defining openings for receiving the particles or filler bodies, the openings being smaller in size than the particles or filler bodies. The grate is provided at each intersection of the grid walls with spacers which are equally spaced one from another at a distance which is approximately equal to the width of each grid opening. The height of each spacer is approximately equal in size to at least one half of a particle or filler body size, so as to prevent the particles or filler bodies from closing the grid openings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas injection or aeration device of the kind which is adapted to be immersed in a liquid and supplied with gas under pressure so that the gas emerges through diffusion nozzles of the device as a large quantity of small bubbles to form a gas/liquid mixture. According to the invention the diffusion nozzles are disposed in an upwardly extending bore of an open ended conduit submerged in the liquid. The nozzles are located between 20 and 100 centimeters below the surface of the liquid and at least 20 centimeters below the upper surface of the conduit. The nozzles are disposed in a region where the bore of the conduit is restricted to an area which is between one sixth and one twelfth of the area of the remainder of the conduit bore above the restricted region.

Abstract: Heated bulk material, such as coke, is quenched by a liquid flowing from the top downwardly through the bulk material. During the quenching the bulk material is closed off from the atmosphere. The steam forming from the quenching liquid is carried off downwardly in parallel flow with the quenching liquid. For this purpose the amount of quenching liquid distributed over the bulk material is so measured or dosed that it participates completely in the quenching process, whereby the quenching liquid evaporates completely except for a specific residual moisture in the coke. The flow resistance which varies over the base surface of the bulk material is compensated by a carry-off resistance which is inversely proportional to the respective bulk material height. The varying of the flow resistance is due to a bulk material height which changes from one side of the quenching container to the opposite side as a result of an inclined container bottom.