Abstract: The invention provides a novel magnetically traceable or detectable explosive blended with a magnetic ferrite powder which facilitates the detection of the misfired explosive, e.g. dynamite, remaining in the field after blasting by a magnetic means but not to adversely affect the stability of the explosive. The ferrite powder is freed of any free alkalinity on the surface before blending with the explosive either by washing with water, neutralization with a dilute acid, reaction with an acid followed by washing with water or neutralization with an alkali and/or by coating with a polymeric material on the particles. The most efficient method for the coating of the ferrite powder with a polymeric material is the in situ polymerization of a radical-polymerizable monomer in contact with the ferrite particles in the presence of hydrogensulfite ions and the explosives blended with such a polymer-coated ferrite powder retain their stability even after a prolonged storage.

Abstract: Mixtures of para-nitrochlorobenzene crystals and a liquid, ordinarily comprising the mother liquor of the crystals are continuously separated in one or more cylindrical presses in at least two stages. Reduction of the interstitial space causes the mother liquor to be forced out of the drainage aperatures thus purifying the crystals.

Abstract: A pair of resilient side-by-side elongated coils of different thermocouple material are mounted in a ceramic housing and project forwardly with their forward ends connected to form a thermocouple junction that is adapted to be pressed against a surface of which temperature is to be measured. A retractable protective sleeve is spring-urged to a forward position in which it extends beyond the end of the thermocouple housing and is retractable, when the probe is pressed against the surface, to a limit position in which the end of the ceramic thermocouple housing is maintained just clear of the surface, while the resilience of the thermocouple coils enables good contact of the junction and the surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) by the reaction of pentachlorothiophenol with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid or oleum.

Abstract: Para-nitrobenzotrichloride is prepared by chlorinating nitrotoluene using an activated carbon catalyst. The process can use various cocatalysts such as bromine, iodine, PCl.sub.3, S.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, bromide salts, chloranil, air bubbles and phthalimide. The reaction is carried out at from 20.degree. C., to 220.degree. C., with from 150.degree. to 200.degree. C. being the preferred range and a pressure of 1 to 5 Atm.

Abstract: 2,2-dinitropropyl 2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl formal which is prepared by the ollowing processes: ##STR1##

Abstract: Nitrohalobenzenes are prepared adiabatically using an excess of sulfuric acid.

Abstract: An IR source and method for generating IR radiation whereby a propellant is urned in a first chamber to produce a product gas which is exited through a critical exit, is accelerated to a supersonic velocity by expanding into a second chamber, is passed through a standing shock wave in the chamber to reduce the gas velocity to a subsonic level, is exited through radial orifices into a larger third chamber where the gas is mixed to obtain a substantial uniformity in temperature and specie, is accelerated by expansion to a chosen subsonic velocity, and is exhausted to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Pentanitrotoluene is prepared by a method which comprises preparing an amdinitrotoluene from a precursor of either TNT or 2,5-dinitro-3-methylbenzoic acid, nitrating the aminodinitrotoluene to produce a nitramine intermediate, converting the nitramine intermediate to an aminotetranitrotoluene and oxidizing the aminotetranitrotoluene with peroxydisulfuric acid to pentanitrotoluene. Pentanitrotoluene is an explosive.

Abstract: The detonating bore in the rear wall of a shaped charge case is outwardly convex. A powdered explosive is compacted into the case through the open front opposite the detonating bore, causing the portion which enters the convex end of the bore from within the case to be less compacted and less dense, for increased sensitivity and more reliable detonation.

Abstract: A heat sensitive portion is cooled or heated by Peltier's effect owing to an electric current passing through a thermopile from the outside and simultaneously said electric current passing through the thermopile is controlled in dependence upon a circumferential temperature of the thermopile. A correct temperature compensation can be achieved in a simple and inexpensive construction. In addition, a thermopile can be improved in its sensitivity.

Abstract: A thermocouple made of the silicon carbide and carbon. A carbon rod extends within a silicon carbide tube. The tube is closed at one end, and one end of the rod is fixed in a blind hole in the tube end to define the hot junction of the thermocouple, the hot junction thereby being located within the tube. An electrical insulator sealing ring closes off the opposite end of the tube. The tube is made by sintering a preform, the rod being within the tube, with one end in the blind hole, during sintering, so that the hole wall shrinks around the rod end.

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly wherein the transition fitting has a separable nose piece which may be brazed to the probe casing before the transition fitting is coupled thereto, thus avoiding the previous occuring spread of brazing heat through the body of the fitting such as might damage contained wires and their soldered connections.

Abstract: An apparatus for photochemically curing organic composites used to repair teeth includes a quartz halogen lamp (12) which is activated for a particular length of time by a cycle control circuit (42) which produces a control signal for a preselected time interval. A switching circuit (38) is coupled with the cycle control circuit (42) to interconnect an alternating current source with the quartz halogen lamp (12) at a point in the alternating current cycle when the alternating current crosses a zero voltage level. The control circuit (42) is operably coupled to a time delay circuit (40) which activates the control circuit (42) after a preselected time period after activation of the control circuit (40).

Abstract: Aqueous compositions thickened by galactomannan gums are described which are stabilized by soluble molybdenum.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions thickened by galactomannan gums are described which are stabilized by a stabilizer system comprising soluble molybdenum and a thiourea.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are nitrated by reacting the aromatic hydrocarbon in a nitrogen tetroxide-containing liquid reaction medium, in the presence of a beta-dicarbonyl compound having a "W" configuration with a carbonyl group at each apex of the "W", preferably at a pressure and temperature sufficient to maintain the nitrogen tetroxide in the liquid state. Addition of an inert organic co-solvent to the liquid nitrogen tetroxide for the metal acetylacetonate promoted nitration of benzene essentially eliminates the production of dinitrobenzenes.

Abstract: An improved heat sensing tip for a temperature sensing device is provided. The tip comprises an elongated shell of heat conductive material. A temperature probe is positioned for movement within the shell toward and away from an opening in the shell. A cap of heat conductive material is positioned at the front of the probe. A spring urges the cap in contact with the shell for heat conductivity between the two when the device is not in operation. When the device is in operation, the spring bias is overcome thereby providing an insulating air gap between the shell and the tip.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of fine propellant powders by granulation, and, by way of products, to the fine powders thus obtained.The process according to the invention consists in granulating the base materials, wetted with solvent, in a granulating tray 11, in subsequently subjecting the granules thus obtained to a first partial drying in a drier 14, and in completing the finishing of the said granules in a rounder 16, optionally in the presence of solvent.The process according to the invention can be carried out continuously or batchwise, with a very high degree of operational safety. The propellant powders thus obtained possess a good activity and are suitable for small-caliber and medium-caliber weapons.

Abstract: A thermopile formed of conductor elements of dissimilar materials, the junctions of the dissimilar materials being much larger in cross-section than the normal cross-sectional area of the conductor elements, and junctions in one temperature zone being much larger than the corresponding junctions in the other temperature zone. If the thermopile is used to generate electricity, the heated junctions will be much larger in cross-section than the normal cross-sectional area of the conductor elements and they will also be much larger in cross-section than the junctions in the cooler zone. If the thermopile is to be used as a cooling device rather than an electric generating device and electricity is applied to the thermopile, then the cold junctions will be much larger in cross-section than the warm junctions and the cold junction cross-sectional area will also be much larger than the cross-sectional area of conductor elements of the thermopile.