Abstract: Disclosed are novel non-reducing saccharide-forming enzyme, and its preparation and uses. The enzyme is obtainable from the culture of microorganisms such as Rhizobium sp. M-11 (FERM BP 4130) and Arthrobacter sp. Q36 (FERM BP-4316), and capable of forming non-reducing saccharides having a trehalose structure when allowed to act on reducing partial starch hydrolysates. Glucoamylase and .alpha.-glucosidase readily yield trehalose when allowed to act on the non-reducing saccharides. These non-reducing saccharides and trehalose are extensively useful in food products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of genetically homogeneous cell lines from coniferous plants. In particular, this invention describes a method for producing isogenic cell lines of embryogenic cultures derived from immature conifer seeds. This method is suited for producing clonal planting stock useful for reforestation.

Abstract: A process is described for cultivating thermophilic bacteria of the genus Bacillus having the ability to produce acetate kinase, wherein said cultivation is carried out continuously at a dilution rate (D) in the range from about 0.9 .mu..sub.max to 1.0 .mu..sub.max, wherein D is the dilution rate (1/hr), and .mu..sub.max is the maximum specific growth rate (1/hr), to thereby produce bacterial cells having a high content of acetate kinase.

Abstract: This invention provides for compositions and methods for sterilizing soil using oxygen radicals. The soil is treated with an aqueous solution of an activated oxygen species after pretreatment with a water soluble phenolic complex including a divalent cation having redox potential, a cation redox reducing agent. The combination of the activated oxygen species and water soluble phenolic complex is sufficient to reduce soil microorganisms by at least 40% without leaving an accumulative toxic residue.

Abstract: A method for preparing a macromolecular protein complex (MPC) from fibrinogen in human plasma by the steps of ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and gel filtration is disclosed. The isolated MPC may be degraded by contacting with trypsin. The isolated MPC inhibited fibrinolysis induced with plasminogen but not with plasmin. Elimination of the MPC by means of chondroitin sulfate A restored normal fibrinolysis. An antibody to fibrin-binding peptides which are produced by trypsin degradation of MPC, was conjugated to plasmin. The anti-MPC peptide antibody/plasmin conjugate has the capacity to bind to MPC-rich thrombus and degrade it without activation of fibrin-bound plasminogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a triglyceride, comprising reacting glycerol with a polyunsaturated fatty acid having at least 20 carbon atoms and at least three double bonds or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl ester thereof, for a reaction time in the range of 24-48 hours at a temperature between 40.degree. and 80.degree. C. in the presence of a mixture of lipase A and lipase B obtained from Candida antarctica which is immobilized, to form (i) the triglyceride and (ii) water or a C.sub.1-4 alcohol, while removing the water or the C.sub.1-4 alcohol during the reaction, and recovering the triglyceride.

Abstract: Oomycete-caused plant disease, e.g., downy mildew, is controlled using Fusarium proliferatum, and biologically pure cultures of Fusarium proliferatum strains G6, M3, C51 and C173 respectively having accession numbers ATCC 74149, ATCC 74273, ATCC 74274 and ATCC 74275 are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new hyperosmolar preservation solution useful in supporting the simultaneous in vitro growth of, and preservation of vascular endothelial cells from large vessel and microvessel origins. In addition, the preservation solution of the present invention may be used for initial flushing, and as a perfusate for storage of organs intended for transplantation using a warm preservation technology at between 18.degree. C. to 35.degree. C. Among the components of the preservation solution are colloid, mucopolysaccharide, retinal-derived fibroblast growth factor and a high magnesium concentration. Also, the present invention is directed to a method for preserving, without extreme hypothermia, an organ intended to be transplanted using the preservation solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of amplifying in vitro stemcells. In this method hematopoietic CD34.sup.+ stem and progenitor cells are isolated from human bone marrow and contacted with endothelial cells. The contacted stem cells and endothelial cells are cultured in the presence of at least one cytokine in an amount sufficient to support amplification/expansion of the hematopoietic CD34.sup.+ stem and progenitor cells. This method produces increased yields of hematopoietic CD34.sup.+ stem and progenitor cells which can be used in human therapeutics.

Abstract: An isolated pure culture of a strain of Phaffia rhodozyma which produces astaxanthin in an amount of at least 600 .mu.g per g Phaffia rhodozyma dry matter, as determined by HPLC analysis.

Abstract: In vitro production of clinically useful quantities of mature, differentiated human blood cells by a method in which human pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, preferably from a universal donor, are incubated in a bioreactor in a growth medium also containing specific recombinant human growth and maturation promoting polypeptide factors in combinations that expand stem cell cultures and promote the maturation and differention of stem cells into erythroid, thrombocytic or granulocytic human blood cells, and harvesting the mature cells. The growth and maturation promoting polypeptides employed include SCGF, Interleukins 1,3,4,5,6, and 11, GM-CSF, M-CSF, G-CSF and EPO. Stem cells may be modified so as to remove histocompatibility and/or blood group antigens, or may be genetically altered by transfection with appropriate DNA-containing vectors, prior to addition to the bioreactor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to N-sulfonyl arginine alpha-keto-amide derivatives, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions thereof which are useful as antithrombotic agents in mammals and also the use of these compounds as antithrombotic agents. Also, disclosed are methods of using these inhibitors in their various embodiments as therapeutic agents for disease states characterized by disorders of the blood coagulation process. Further disclosed are compounds useful as intermediates in the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for inactivating pathogens in a body fluid, such as plasma, red cells, platelets, leukocytes, and bone marrow. The present invention minimizes adverse effects caused by the photosensitive agents while retaining the disinfecting activity of such agents and processes. Pursuant to the present invention, prior to irradiating a body fluid including a photoactive drug, the extracellular fluid, which in the case of blood components includes plasma proteins is at least substantially reduced. Additionally, after the irradiation process, the resultant body fluid is prevented from contacting additional extracellular fluid, e.g., plasma proteins, for a predefined period.

Abstract: A mathematical model to optimize protocols for the addition or removal of cryoprotectant to or from sperm cells. This disclosure describes the use of four equations to predict optimal protocols to add or remove cryoprotectant to or from sperm cells. The equations particularly require experimentally found data, specific to a species of sperm, regarding the osmotic tolerance of sperm cells, where osmotic tolerance refers to the sperm cells ability to shrink or swell to various changes in osmolality without injury. The equations further require the cryoprotectant permeability coefficient and the water permeability coefficient of the particular sperm cells' plasma membrane. Also disclosed are two particularly preferred methods to add or remove cryoprotectant to or from sperm. These preferred methods are Fixed-Volume-Step addition/removal of cryoprotectant or Fixed-Molarity-Step addition/removal of cryoprotectant.

Abstract: The process includes heat-treating a xanthan gum fermented broth, and consecutively treating the broth first with alkaline protease and then with lysozyme or in reverse order, and thereafter recovering xanthan gum from the treated broth. A clear aqueous solution of xanthan gum may be obtained Without complex procedures.

Abstract: Improved contraceptive compositions are disclosed which comprise a spermicide or virucide, a polymeric delivery component and optionally a cosmetic ingredient. The improvement is directed to the use of certain hydrophobically modified polysaccharides as the polymeric delivery component. Quite advantageously, the hydrophobically modified polysaccharides of the present invention can alter sperm motility. Moreover, the hydrophobically modified polysaccharides can provide reduced irritation potential when used in combination with spermicides such as, for example, nonoxynol-9, which may reduce the potential for infection of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and herpes.

Abstract: A method for preparing an active and inactive adenylate cyclase from a culture of Bordetella parapertussis having specific reactivity with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to adenylate cyclase from Bordetella pertussis is presented. The inactive adenylate cyclase is devoid of calmodulin-activatable adenylate cyclase activity and of affinity for calmodulin. The method comprises culturing a clone of Bordetella parapertussis, homogenizing the culture to produce a homogenate, and isolating the active and inactive adenylate cyclase from the homogenate by urea precipitation. The isolated active and inactive adenylate cyclase may be used to prepare a vaccine for the prevention of Bordetella infection.

Abstract: A formulation for controlling a plant parasitic nematode, having Pasteuria spp., as a natural enemy microorganism to the nematode, suspended in water.

Abstract: A process for isolation of a strain of Lactobacillus having the ability of being established on human intestinal mucosa in vivo and being able to remain therein after oral administration for at least 10 days after the completion of the administration. By the process the new strains L. plantarum 299 (DSM 6595) and L. casei ssp. rhamnosus 271 (DSM 6594) have been isolated, which are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of bacterial infections, especially in the form of a fermented nutrient composition.

Abstract: Compounds and methods of making them having the following formula are described which bind to selectin receptors and thus modulate the course of inflammation, cancer and related diseases by modulating cell-cell adhesion events: ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 is independently H or lower alkyl (1-4C); R.sup.2 is H, OH or lower alkyl (1-4C), or a lipophilic group such as a higher alkyl group (5-15C), alkylaryl or one or more additional saccharide residues;R.sup.3 is a negatively charged moiety including SO.sub.4.sup.2-, PO.sub.4.sup.2-, or related group;Y is H or lower alkyl (1-4C); andX is H or --CHR.sub.4 (CHOR.sup.1).sub.2 CHR.sup.5 OR.sup.1 wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently H, lower alkyl (1-4C), or taken together result in a five- or six-membered ring optionally containing a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NR.sup.1 ;the five- or six-membered ring optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of R.sup.1, CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1, OR.sup.