Abstract: Cellulosic fibers containing latex solids are recovered from latex bonded broke by agitation of the broke in an aqueous alkaline solution having an alkali metal hydroxide concentration of 0.5 to 1.5 mol percent for a period of time in the range of ten minutes to four hours. The resulting fibers containing cured latex solids may be added to conventional papermaking fibers in amounts as high as 10 to 15 percent by weight for the production of facial quality tissue to produce a high quality product web.

Abstract: For the purpose of cleaning the doctor blade of a roller of a paper mill, a blade scraping device mounted upon an end of the frame retaining the doctor blade, the device having spring loaded scraping jaws between which the blade is drawn upon being withdrawn from its operating position.

Abstract: A process and reagents are described for separating beryllium silicate concentrates by flotation from oxidic minerals. The process is especially suitable for the separation of phenacite and bertrandite present in ores with complex gangue compositions. The ore is ground and subjected to acid pretreatment, then conditioned by the addition of pH modifier, alkali fluoride activator and a depressant containing sodium hexametaphosphate and carboxymethyl cellulose, or hexametaphosphate and quebracho. The conditioned ore is thereafter treated with a tall oil fatty acid-based collector mixture, of general formula C.sub.17 H.sub.31-35 COOH; which also contains cresylic acid, kerosene and a branched short-chained aliphatic alcohol, such as methyl-iso-butyl carbinol. Mercapto acetic acid and alkali metal hydrogen sulphide may also be added in the second and third stages of conditioning, respectively, for increasing selectivity. The mineral concentration process includes conventional rougher and cleaner flotation steps.

Abstract: A froth flotation system for separating a mineral fraction from an aqueous pulp containing a mixture of mineral and gangue particles. The aqueous pulp is supplied to a pulp-filled vessel (or column) wherein a froth is formed on the surface of the pulp and collected in a launder. Gas bubbles are introduced into the pulp in the vessel by two different means to generate the froth. In accordance with one means, water is aspirated into a stream of pressurized gas (air) to form a stream of aerated water which is injected into the lower portion of the pulp-filled vessel. In accordance, the other means, a second stream of pressurized gas (air), is sparged through a porous wall of one or more micro-diffusers located within the vessel. The dual means for generating bubbles produces a significantly higher level of mineral separation than can be achieved from either means separately.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for using a heated waste gas stream to evaporate a volatile component such as water or a solvent from a liquid solution comprises a flue to feed the gas stream from the source of heated gas; a container having an inner chamber to hold the liquid for evaporation of the volatile compound and an outer chamber connected to the flue which forms a gas channel substantially surrounding the inner chamber through which at least a portion of the gas stream flows to supply heat to the inner chamber and evaporate the volatile component of the liquid solution; an inlet to feed the liquid solution into the inner chamber; upper and lower liquid level sensors to control the quantity of liquid solution fed into the inner chamber to establish a liquid level therein; a sparger for agitating the liquid solution in the inner chamber; a sump below the container and connected to the flue to receive any condensate from the gas stream and any liquid leaking from the inner chamber; an outlet to combine, vent and d

Abstract: A composition and method for anistropically etching polysilicon or silicides with excellent selectivity to an underlying layer of an oxide or nitride of silicon is disclosed. A mixture of CClF.sub.3 or CCl.sub.2 F.sub.2 and ammonia is employed at moderate pressures in a reactive ion etching chamber.

Abstract: A high solids black liquor having the property of reduced turbulent flow/drag comprising a high solids black liquor which contains a few parts per million of a water soluble terpolymer containing the repeating units in the following mole percentages: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group from 1-6 carbon atoms, M is H or alkali metal, said terpolymer having a Reduced Specific Viscosity of at least 25.

Abstract: A system for forming a web from a dilute, aqueous slurry of fibers wherein a thin, horizontally-extending aqueous stream of fibers is projected onto a travelling foraminous forming wire. The forming wire is disposed to travel over a forming board which has a leading lip which is deflected downwardly with respect to the oncoming jet stream. The lower surface of the jet stream is disposed substantially parallel with the surface of the travelling foraminous wire wire at the point where the stream contacts the wire to minimize turbulence at the point of initial contact of the jet stream on the wire and subsequent spouting of the fibrous stock downstream in the forming zone.

Abstract: A method of fabricating optical sensing devices for detecting displacement of a part thereof comprising the steps of bonding a multiplicity of optical devices to one surface of a relatively large transparent substrate so that the optical devices are accurately located relative to one another and to the substrate itself, securing to the opposite surface of the substrate and one surface of a transparent optical element-carrying substrate in parallel relationship thereto resilient spacer support means and dividing the entire assembly into individual unit parts each of which comprises an optical device bonded to one substrate unit and coupled to another substrate unit having its own optical element by a divided part of the resilient spacer support means so that the two substrate units are resiliently mounted relative to one another whereby relative movement between the two substrate units produces variations in the optical characteristics of the device which can be sensed.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating cellulose pulp having a consistency above the flowage limit provided with two shafts (1, 2) rotating in the same axial plane and each carrying working disks (8) the cylinders of rotation of which are in mutually intermeshing engagement in a working zone and which are driven within a housing (3) which conforms to the common cylinder-of-rotation space of the disks carried by the shafts and is provided with a pulp inlet (4) and a pulp outlet (5). The working disks are constituted of a number of radially directed disks in mutually co-operative positions for working of the pulp between opposed disk surfaces (11, 12), the pulp being fed from the inlet to the outlet with the aid of mutually co-operating feeding screw threads (9) carried by the shafts.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating cellulose pulp having a consistency above the flowage limit, provided with two shafts (1, 2) rotating in the same axial plane and each carrying working disks (8) the cylinders of rotation of which are in mutually intermeshing engagement in a working zone and which are driven within a housing (3) which conforms to the common cylinder-of-rotation space of the disks carried by the shafts and is provided with a pulp inlet (4) and a pulp outlet (5). The working disks on the shafts (1, 2) are constituted of a number of radially directed disks (8) in mutually cooperative positions between the pulp inlet (4) and the pulp outlet (5) for working of the pulp between the opposed surfaces (11, 12) of mutually intermeshing disks (8) the pulp being moved from the inlet (4) to the outlet (5) by members positioned asymmetrically in relation to such opposed surfaces (11, 12) carried by the housing (3) or the disks (8).

Abstract: A process for recovering phosphate values from a finely divided ore containing the phosphate values and gangue such as an ore containing apatite, calcite and dolomite, by froth flotation includes the steps of suspending the finely divided ore containing the phosphate values and the gangue in a liquid at a pH of greater than 7; adding to the suspension a froth flotation collector comprising a tall oil fatty acid and an emulsifier for the tall oil fatty acid selected from alkylphenylalkoxylates having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: n is an integer from 8-10 inclusive;m is an integer from 10-20 inclusive; andalkyl is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR2## the froth flotation collector comprising 80-99% by weight of the collector of the tall oil fatty acid and 20 to 1% by weight of the collector of the emulsifier; introducing a gas such as air into the liquid to produce a froth containing the phosphate values and leaving suspended the other solid gangue; and recovering the phosphate values.

Abstract: The froth flotation of coal is conducted in the presence of a conditioner of the condensate of naphthenic acid and an alkanolamine such as diethanolamine.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring the operation of a froth flotation process comprises sensing variations in solids content of the input stream to the process, varying the dosage of flotation reagent employed in accordance with the input variations, sensing variations in solids content of at least one of the output streams after a predetermined time lapse, comparing the input and output readings with control data relating input and output solids content, and re-adjusting the dosage of flotation reagent dependent on the difference between the actual readings and the control data.

Abstract: A profile bar for a discharge opening of a head box of a paper machine, by means of which the profile of the discharge jet from the paper machine is controlled. The profile bar may be connected to adjustment spindles, by means of which the profile bar can be bent in a plane transverse to a direction of flow of the discharge jet. Bending stiffness of the profile bar in the direction of bending to be achieved by means of the adjustment spindles, is arranged to be substantially lower within areas facing the adjustment spindles than at a middle of an area between the adjustment spindles. Transverse sawings or recesses may be made into the profile bar with a spacing substantially denser than the spacing between the adjustment spindles or equivalent. Alternatively, the profile bar may be provided with projections to which the adjustment spindles are attached, with the height of the projections being greater than a maximum height of the profile bar in the space between the projections.

Abstract: An evaporator comprises a plurality of substantially parallel plates mounted for rotation about a common axis and in which provision is made for a condensible vapor to flow across a first face of each of said plates and for a liquid, at least a portion of which is to be evaporated, to flow across the second face of each of said plate, which plates are arranged to be rotatable at such a mean acceleration, measured in a radial direction with respect to said axis of rotation, greater than the acceleration due to gravity, said first face of each of said plates has a surface designed to discourage formation of a continuous liquid film thereon. The evaporator may be used to concentrate solutions, e.g. of depleted brine or aqueous caustic soda.

Abstract: A process having three steps to etch a vertical trench with rounded top corners and rounded bottom corners. The first step involves anisotropically etching a vertical trench through an opening in a masking layer to approximately 85 to 90% of the final trench depth to give a trench with sharp or abrupt top corners and sharp bottom corners. The second step rounds the top corners and the third step extends the trench depth and provides rounded bottom corners. Using CHF.sub.3 as an etch species and adjusting the DC bias differently for each step gives better profile control and better critical dimension (CD) control.

Abstract: An apparatus for desalinating sea water, comprising a distillation unit which includes a porous hydrophobic membrane which is pervious to steam but impervious to water, and a condensation surface arranged at a distance from the membrane, the distillation arrangement also including a first unit for heating and conducting the water to be distilled on one side of the membrane, and a second unit arranged to conduct a liquid which is colder than the water, on the side of the condensation surface remote from the membrane, distilled water being collected and drawn-off between the membrane and the condensation surface.

Abstract: Porous bodies of a material which comprises SiO.sub.2 as the main constituent are heated by passing a zone of high temperature through the body. The zone of high temperature is obtained by irradiation with light of a wavelength which is absorbed by the porous part of the body but is not absorbed by the densified part of the body (.lambda.<3 .mu.m). The device preferably comprises a rotatable radiation source (2) surrounding the body (6) to be densified.

Abstract: A coater and a method of operating such coater is disclosed. The method of operating the coater includes the steps of separating a first tail from a full width web unwound from an unwind stand at threading velocity and threading the first tail at the threading velocity through a pull stack. The first tail is widened to the full width of the web so that a full width web extends through the pull stack. The full width web emerging from the pull stack is dumped into a first broke chute which is disposed below the pull stack. The full width web extending through the pull stack is accelerated along with a coating apparatus to coating velocity so that both the full width web and the coating apparatus attain coating velocity. A second tail is cut in the full width web between the unwind stand and the pull stack and such second tail is threaded through the coating apparatus while the second tail is moving at coating velocity.