Abstract: To produce pig iron or steel and cement clinker from slags it has been proposed to react iron-oxide containing liquid slags, such as, e.g., steelworks slag, with iron oxide carriers, such as, e.g., ores, cinders or the like and lime to a ferrite-containing slag and to reduce the formed ferrite slag in a reduction reactor, such as, e.g., an iron bath reactor, whereupon the sinter phase is discharged as a clinker.

Abstract: In a method for processing solid residues from refuse incineration plants the slag is melted and heavy metals from the melt (16) are separated for reutilization. The slag is directly transferred from the refuse incineration plant into a first heating chamber (2) and melted there under oxidizing conditions. The melt (16) produced therefrom is transferred to a second heating chamber (3), in which the heavy metal compounds are reduced to their metallic form. Furthermore, additional finely divided residues, such as fly ash, boiler ash and filter dust, are introduced into the second heating chamber (3) via a hollow graphite electrode (19). The melt (16) is then passed on to a third heating chamber (4), in which the residual readily volatile metals are vaporized and the residual non-volatile metals are sedimented. The essentially heavy-metal-free melt is then cooled to form vitreous granules.

Abstract: In a process for the production of hydraulic binders, crude steel and/or alloys, such as, e.g., FeCr or FeV, from basic steel slags containing chromium and/or vanadium, the liquid steel slag is mixed with an additive selected from the group consisting of blast furnace slag, electric arc furnace slag, dusts from steel production, metallic waste substances or refuse incineration residues and/or with acid additives for lowering the viscosity, whereupon steel is sedimented out of the liquid slag and the remaining slag in a first reduction stage is reduced to metallic iron having an iron oxide content of below 5 wt. % and above 1 wt. %, whereupon the remaining slag melt in a second reduction stage having a higher reduction potential as compared to the first reduction stage is further reduced to metallic Cr or V or ferroalloys thereof and the hydraulically active slag is separated.

Abstract: A method for working up refuse or metal-oxide-containing refuse incineration residues or metallurgical residues includes an at least partial oxidation in a meltdown oxidizing reactor followed by a two-stage reduction. The first reduction stage is effected in an iron bath reactor in which iron oxides are not yet reduced. In the second reduction stage also iron oxides are reduced in an iron bath calciner, a pig iron bath being obtained. The metal bath discharged from the iron bath reactor reaches a segregation mold, from which crude bronze can be drawn off.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of solid residue from a refuse incineration plant, involving:melting the solid residue in a first heating chamber under oxidizing conditions to provide a melt;reducing any heavy metal compounds present in the melt to elemental metal in a second heating chamber; andtransferring the resulting melt to a third heating chamber;wherein any elemental metal is sedimented in each heating chamber and the sedimented elemental metal is continuously returned from two of the heating chambers to the remaining heating chamber, wherein the elemental metal is collected in at least one of the first or second heating chambers and discharged therefrom, and an apparatus for performing the process.

Abstract: In the process for treating slag from refuse incineration plants, the crude slag, after passing through the firing grate, is separated into at least two fractions directly and without previous quenching in a water bath. These two fractions are further processed separately, the coarse fraction being fed to a wet deslagger. For optimum separation of the two fractions, the first fraction, having a particle size preferably up to 32 mm, is separated off in a first screening stage and the screen oversize of the first screening stage is fed to the wet deslagging. The screen undersize and if appropriate the material passing through the firing grate are fed to a second screening stage to separate off the fine fraction 0 . . . 2 mm. The screen oversize of the second screening stage, if appropriate after removing metallic and inert materials, is mechanically comminuted. In an optional third screening stage (8), the fine fraction 0 . . .

Abstract: A molten melt of slag and grinding material is introduced into a mixing chamber to which a cooling and mixing agent is injected, the agent being compressed air, water or an air/water mixture which serves to cool the melt and form vapor and solidified particles. These are passed through a diffuser and are discharged as a jet which is directed to particle disintegrating means.

Abstract: The reactor (1) that is used to melt combustion residues incorporates a vertical partition wall (4) that incorporates return flow openings (7) and an overflow (6), wherein foamed slag is produced in the chamber (3) by the injection of gases through base nozzles (10) and the foam collapses in the second chamber (5) or the return flow channel. The liquid slag is drawn off through the taphole (11) after the desired conversion.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of cement from metallurgical slags, in which liquid slags from reduction processes and steelworks processes, e.g. blast furnace and converter slag, are mixed together and mixed with lime the procedure is such that in a first cooling phase at temperatures above 1000.degree. C., and preferably above 1200.degree. C., the cooling is slower than in a subsequent second cooling phase and that the solidified product obtained is granulated and/or ground in order to obtain directly cement with improved hydraulic properties, in particular increased final strength.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of pig iron and cement clinker in a fusion gasifier (3) in which the charge is at least partly preheated and possibly deacidified and subjected to preliminary reduction or is used in the form of scrap, coal is blown into a fluidized bed (7) and gasified with the reduction of the charge and pig iron (8) and slag (9) are tapped off in liquid form, the procedure is such that the lime charge introduced into the fusion gasifier (3), possibly together with a portion of an iron ore, is preheated in a preheating shaft (1) and calcined and charged according to the clinker composition required.

Abstract: In the processing of mainly inorganic refuse incineration products polluted by heavy metals and/or heavy metal compounds, and/or analogues of such products, to give environmentally acceptable products by melt-thermal treatment, an iron-containing melt is used whose iron content can be adjusted by addition of iron or an iron compound. The melt is first melted above 1300.degree. C. in a reactor. The melt is then oxidized with vigorous agitation by blowing in oxygen-containing gas until all the metals and metal compounds present in the reactor have been converted to the oxide form, the melt being kept above 1450.degree. C. and preferably at about 1500.degree. C., at least at the end of the oxidation. Subsequently, the melt is reduced, preferably by means of a part fraction of the refuse incineration product and/or iron, preferably in the form of scrap, and/or hydrogen. The reduction can then be continued by means of added aluminum and/or calcium and/or ferrosilicon.