Abstract: A transmission device for an internal combustion engine for preventing components thereof from being damaged for making the components smaller in size and weight, reducing a load and a time required to shift gear positions for increased operability and for reducing overall size and weight. A transmission device for an internal combustion engine includes a shift drum angularly movable by a star-shaped drum plate that is turned when a change spindle is turned and a stopper roller for limiting the star-shaped drum plate against turning movement. The star-shaped drum plate includes peaks corresponding to a plurality of gear positions and valleys interposed between the peaks. A selected one of the valleys includes a curved wall for being more gently contacted by the stopper roller than curved surfaces of the other valleys which are contacted by the stopper roller.

Abstract: An engine includes a crankshaft for transmitting rotational drive power to a drive wheel, a clutch mechanism for connecting or disconnecting the transmission of rotational drive power of the crankshaft, and clutch actuators. The crankshaft, clutch mechanism, and clutch actuators are accommodated in an engine case. The clutch actuators control the clutch mechanism and are positioned outside the clutch mechanism, viewed from the crankshaft direction.

Abstract: A glass composition for protecting a semiconductor junction contains at least SiO2, Al2O3, MO, and nickel oxide, and substantially contains none of Pb, P, As, Sb, Li, Na and K (M in MO indicates one of alkali earth metals).

Abstract: Provided is a glass composition for protecting a semiconductor junction which contains at least SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO, CaO and 3 mol % to 10 mol % of B2O3, and substantially contains none of Pb, P, As, Sb, Li, Na and K. It is preferable that a content of SiO2 falls within a range of 32 mol % to 48 mol %, a content of Al2O3 falls within a range of 9 mol % to 13 mol %, a content of ZnO falls within a range of 18 mol % to 28 mol %, a content of CaO falls within a range of 15 mol % to 23 mol %, and a content of B2O3 falls within a range of 3 mol % to 10 mol %.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reaction apparatus having an enhanced connection, and a fuel cell system and an electronic device that include such a reaction apparatus. A reaction apparatus (1) a reformer (4) in which a reforming reaction chamber (31) is formed, a CO remover in which a removing reaction chamber (35) where a chemical reaction is performed at a temperature lower than that in the reforming reaction chamber (31) is formed, and a connecting portion (6) having a communicating path that communicates between the reforming reaction chamber (31) and the removing reaction chamber (35). The reformer (4) and the CO remover (5) are arranged spaced apart from each other, at least one of which (4, 5) is configured by combining ceramic parts (11, 12) and metal components (15, 16), and the ceramic parts (11, 12) and the metal components (15, 16) are connected with connecting members (18, 20) interposed therebetween.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reaction apparatus that efficiently heats a reaction portion, and a fuel cell system and an electronic device that include such a reaction apparatus. A reaction apparatus (1) includes a reformer (4) in which formed are a reforming reaction chamber (31) and a reformer combustion chamber (30) that generates heat to be supplied to the reforming reaction chamber (31), which (30, 31) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween; a CO remover (5) in which formed are a removing reaction chamber (35) where a chemical reaction is performed at a temperature lower than that in the reforming reaction chamber (31) and a remover combustion chamber (34) that generates heat to be supplied to the removing reaction chamber (35), which (34, 35) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween; and a connecting portion (6) that connects the reformer (4) and the remover (5).

Abstract: A clutch control apparatus for receiving an air flow more easily and to obtain a higher cooling performance in a power unit for a saddle-ride type vehicle while avoiding the size of the main engine body becoming larger in the front-and-rear direction. The power unit includes a clutch apparatus installed in a clutch chamber. The clutch apparatus is disposed in the course of power transmission from a crankshaft to a drive wheel. The clutch chamber is formed between a crankcase and a clutch cover that is coupled to a side surface of the crankcase. A clutch control apparatus that controls the switching of the connection and disconnection actions of a clutch apparatus is attached to the outer surface of a clutch cover in a position at a side of a cylinder block.

Abstract: In a twin clutch device used in an engine transmission, there are coaxially and adjacently arranged a first disk clutch and a second disk clutch of a hydraulic pressure type that displace a pressing member in an axial direction with externally supplied hydraulic pressure to exert a predetermined engagement force; and the first disk clutch and the second disk clutch respectively have: an engagement side hydraulic chamber that gives the pressing member a pressing force towards a clutch engagement side; and a pressure compensation hydraulic chamber that gives the pressing member a pressing force towards a clutch disengagement side to compensate a pressure of a returning action thereof.

Abstract: This twin-clutch apparatus for use in a transmission of an engine, including: a hydraulic first disk clutch and second disk clutch that exert a predetermined engagement force by pressure members displaced in an axial direction by the pressure of a supply oil from outside, the first disk clutch and the second disk clutch being coaxially arranged adjacent to each other, in which: clutch plates of the first disk clutch and clutch plates of the second disk clutch are different in thickness from each other.

Abstract: A power unit for a saddle-ride vehicle includes a transmission mechanism disposed in the course of power transmission between a crankshaft and a drive wheel is installed in a crankcase, and a shift actuator to drive and control the gear-shifting action of the transmission mechanism is disposed in the engine main body. The shift actuator is attached to a side surface of the crankcase 35 while the operational axis of the shift actuator is placed in a plane that is orthogonal to the axial direction of a transmission mechanism. The shift actuator is disposed so that a high degree of freedom in the layout is guaranteed for the functional parts disposed around the crankcase. At the same time, the amount of outward protrusion from the crankcase is reduced and the maintenance work is made.

Abstract: A power unit for a small type vehicle wherein a speed change mechanism is disposed on a lateral side of a crankcase on the side of one end of a crankshaft. A valve operation controller for controlling the operations of valve operation mode change mechanisms and a speed change controller for controlling a speed change operation of a speed change mechanism are attached to an engine body, to lay out the valve operation controller and the speed change controller in good balance of center of gravity so as to prevent the center of gravity of the power unit from being deviated to one side. The valve operation controller and the speed change controller being attached to the engine body on the opposite side of the clutch device with respect to a vehicle body center line in a direction along the axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A power unit for a small-sized vehicle that includes a valve operating system equipped with a hydraulic valve operation mode change mechanism capable of changing the operational mode of an engine valve, and a clutch device disposed between a crankshaft and a shift mechanism so as to switch hydraulically between connection and disconnection of power transmission, wherein a discharge outlet of one oil pump (209) driven by power transmission from the crankshaft is connected in common to a valve operation mode change mechanisms (63, 64) and a clutch device (102). This enables the hydraulic system to be made compact while avoiding any increase in the overall bulk of the power unit, thus providing a power unit suitable for a small-sized vehicle.

Abstract: In a motorcycle-use power unit in which a clutch device arranged in a power transmission path between a crankshaft and a drive wheel is housed in a clutch chamber which is defined between a crankcase and a clutch cover joined to a side surface of the crankcase, the maintenance of the clutch control device can be easily performed while preventing a lowering of oil-pressure transmission efficiency between the clutch device and the clutch control device and preventing an increase in the weight of the motorcycle. A clutch control device performs a changeover of engagement and disengagement of a clutch device by controlling the oil pressure applied to the clutch device. Oil passages for connecting the clutch control device and the clutch device with each other are mounted on a clutch cover.

Abstract: A crankcase of an internal combustion engine includes protruding portions formed on an outer surface of the crankcase which are constituted of a pair of left and right wall members, and a vibration isolating rubber is fitted between the wall members. The crankcase configured n this manner prevents the generation of sounds from a protruding portion of the crankcase and is light-weight.

Abstract: A power unit includes a transmission mechanism installed in a crankcase with a clutch apparatus for connecting and disconnecting the transmission of power between a crankshaft and the transmission mechanism being installed in a clutch chamber. An oil filter is set between an oil pump driven by the power transmitted from the crankshaft and portions to be supplied with oil is attached to a clutch cover. The provided power unit guarantees a certain degree of freedom in design for the size of the inner diameter of the cylinder bore, the location of the timing transmission mechanism, and the like. A smaller size of the power unit along the axial direction of the crankshaft needs to be achieved. The oil filter is disposed between the axis of the crankshaft and the axis of the clutch apparatus and below the axis of the crankshaft and the axis of the clutch apparatus.

Abstract: To lower the center of gravity of the entire engine including a speed-change actuator for realization of the lowered center of gravity of a vehicle in which the engine is mounted and to suppress the effect on an arrangement space for components above the engine. In an engine including a transmission which is provided in a power transmission pathway to a drive wheel, a counter shaft which is an output shaft of the transmission, an engine case in which a crankshaft and the transmission are accommodated, and a speed-change actuator which is attached to the engine case, the speed-change actuator is arranged below relative to the counter shaft.

Abstract: In a first hydraulic clutch device 36 provided with a first clutch inner 84, a pressure bearing plate portion 84D disposed on the first clutch inner 84 opposing driving and driven friction plates 85 and 86, a clutch piston 91 that is consecutively disposed to a pressurizing plate portion 91D and moves to the side to pressurize the driving and driven friction plates 85 and 86 in accordance with an increase in a hydraulic pressure in a control hydraulic chamber 96, a piston guide 92 that forms a control hydraulic chamber 96 between itself and the clutch piston 91, and a canceller plate 93 that forms a hydraulic canceller chamber 97 on the side opposite to the control hydraulic pressure chamber 96, a projection portion 133 of the canceller plate 93 and a notch portion 122 disposed in the piston guide 92 and engaged with the projection portion 133 are engaged with each other and assembled, and a clip 135 that is engaged with an engagement groove 123 of the notch portion 122 and regulates axial movement of the can

Abstract: A composite ceramic body and a method thereof are provided. The composite ceramic body comprising a first bonding body comprising a ceramic containing Si ingredient, and a second bonding body bonded to the first bonding body through a bonding material containing, as main ingredient, a Si compound which includes the element common to the Si ingredient contained in the first bonding body. The first and second bonding bodies can be bonded strongly and uniformly without any adhesive. Since the composite ceramic body has high bonding strength, it is applicable to microchemical chips and reformers.

Abstract: A twin clutch apparatus includes a first clutch, a second clutch, and a clutch outer member shared by the first and second clutches. The clutch outer member has groove portions formed therein having a width that gradually increases towards an open-end side of the clutch outer member. A width of each protruding portion formed in friction plates of the second clutch disposed towards the open-end side of the clutch outer member is greater than a width of each protruding portion formed in friction plates of the first clutch disposed towards a closed-end side of the clutch outer member. The twin clutch apparatus, during operation thereof, is operable to control a clearance between groove portions of the clutch outer member and protruding portions of friction plates within a desirable range, to reduce force and sound produced by an impact between the clutch outer member and the friction plates.

Abstract: A clutch actuation mechanism having a plurality of friction plates engaged with a clutch outer and a clutch inner in a relatively non-rotatable manner and arranged alternately between a bearing plate portion and a pressing plate portion. A clutch disengage/engage control mechanism for switching disengagement/engagement of the clutch actuation mechanism. A clutch piston having opposite sides facing toward a control hydraulic chamber and a hydraulic canceler chamber. A division wall member forming the hydraulic canceler chamber between the division wall member and the clutch piston for forming an oil passage, which introduces lubricating oil toward the friction plates, in cooperation with the clutch inner. A control hydraulic chamber, hydraulic canceler chamber, and division wall member are arranged within a range corresponding to the space between the outer surfaces of a bearing plate portion and pressing plate portion and radially inward of a clutch actuation mechanism.