Abstract: Disclosed is a method of decoding an image and a method of encoding an image. The method of decoding an image includes: obtaining motion-constrained tile set information; determining, on the basis of the motion-constrained tile set information, a first boundary region of a collocated tile set within a reference picture, which corresponds to a motion-constrained tile set; padding a second boundary region corresponding to the first boundary region; and performing inter prediction on the motion-constrained tile set by using a collocated tile set that includes the padded second boundary region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In video encoding and decoding, multiple partition blocks are generated by splitting a target block. A prediction mode is derived for at least a part of the multiple partition blocks, among the multiple partition blocks, and prediction is performed on the multiple partition blocks based on the derived prediction mode. When prediction is performed on the partition blocks, information related to the target block may be used, and information related to an additional partition block, which is predicted prior to the partition block, may be used.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a shield gate MOSFET includes forming an epitaxial layer having a first conductivity type, forming a plurality of trenches in the epitaxial layer, forming a first and a second doped regions in the epitaxial layer at a bottom of each of the trenches, wherein the first doped region has a second conductivity type, and the second doped region has the first conductivity type. An insulating layer and a conductive layer as a shield gate are orderly formed in each of the trenches, and a portion of the conductive layer and the insulating layer are removed to expose a portion of the epitaxial layer in the trenches. An inter-gate oxide layer and a gate oxide layer are formed in the trenches, and a control gate is formed on the inter-gate oxide layer in the plurality of trenches.

Abstract: A seat convenience apparatus for a rear seat passenger and an operation control method thereof is provided in a front seat. When an open angle of a footrest of the front seat does not satisfy a predetermined reference angle under the condition that a rear seat passenger desires to use the seat convenience device, operation of the seat convenience device is disabled in spite of the user's desire. Accordingly, misuse of the seat convenience device is prevented under non-use conditions.

Abstract: In a sense amplifier circuit, a first transistor is electrically connected between a first bitline and a first node, a first inverter includes a first input terminal and a first output terminal connected to the first node, and a second inverter includes a second input terminal connected to a second node and a second output terminal. A second transistor is electrically connected between the first output terminal and the second node, and a third transistor is electrically connected between the second output terminal and the first node. A precharge circuit transfers a first voltage to the first and second nodes during a first period, and transfers a second voltage higher than the first voltage to the first and second nodes during a second period.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a power semiconductor device includes forming a drift region in a substrate, forming a trench in the drift region, forming a gate insulating layer in the trench, depositing a conductive material on the substrate, forming a gate electrode in the trench, forming a body region in the substrate, forming a highly doped source region in the body region, forming an insulating layer that covers the gate electrode, etching the insulating layer to open the body region, implanting a dopant into a portion of the body region to form a highly doped body contact region, so that the highly doped source region and the highly doped body contact region are alternately formed in the body region; and forming a source electrode on the highly doped body contact region and the highly doped source region.

Abstract: Techniques to provide uniform luminance across a computing device display, such as an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display. In some examples, a computing device display may include a hole within the active area of the display that may be used for a camera, a button or some other function. The hole may result in a non-uniform voltage drop in a power supply mesh in regions of the active area near the hole. The power supply mesh may provide electrical energy to elements of the display. The techniques of this disclosure include portions of the power supply mesh that are not connected to the voltage supply bus to ensure a uniform voltage drop across the active area of the display.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery module for a vehicle. In particular, the battery module includes: a plurality of cylindrical battery cells having electrodes, each of the electrodes being provided on a corresponding one of opposite ends thereof, a case configured to surround and accommodate cylindrical portions of the plurality of battery cells so that the electrodes of the battery cells are disposed in the same plane, and a sensing block including a bus bar configured to electrically connect the electrodes of the battery cells, the sensing block being installed to restrain the battery cells accommodated in the case.

Abstract: The purpose of one aspect of the present invention is to provide: a thick steel plate capable of removing a conventional normalizing treatment required for ensuring toughness low temperature and cryogenic environments, and having properties equal to or better than those of a conventional steel subjected to the normalizing treatment; and a method for manufacturing the method.

Abstract: An embodiment battery module including two side panels, a plurality of battery cells stacked between the two side panels, a plurality of foams inserted between the battery cells, an upper cover plate coupled to the two side panels and configured to restrain a compressed-stacked state of the battery cells at an upper side of the battery cells in combination with the two side panels, and a lower cover plate coupled to the two side panels and configured to restrain the compressed-stacked state of the battery cells at a lower side of the battery cells in combination with the two side panels.

Abstract: A battery module includes a battery layer formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells, a cartridge disposed in the battery cells of the battery layer and having channels through which air flows down, and battery covers disposed at sides of the battery layer and the cartridge. The battery covers are configured to laterally support the battery layer and the cartridge and are configured to change in length in accordance with the battery layer when the battery layer formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells is changed.

Abstract: A patterned ground shield device includes a first patterned ground shield layer and a second patterned ground shield layer. The first patterned ground shield layer is located on a first layer, and the second patterned ground shield layer is located on a second layer. The first patterned ground shield layer includes a plurality of first strip-shaped structures, and each of the first strip-shaped structures includes an oxide diffusion material. The second patterned ground shield layer includes a plurality of second strip-shaped structures, and each of the second strip-shaped structures includes a conductive material, wherein the first strip-shaped structures and the second strip-shaped structures are disposed to each other in an interlaced manner.

Abstract: A capacitor structure includes a first metal structure, a second metal structure, and a dielectric material. The second metal structure is disposed below the first metal structure. Each of the first metal structure and the second metal structure includes at least three conductive components. The conductive components have a fish-bone shape. The dielectric material is disposed in a plurality of isolators of the first metal structure, in a plurality of isolators of the second metal structure, and between the first metal structure and the second metal structure.

Abstract: Provided is an alloy steel manufacturing method, the method including: preparing a manganese-containing first molten ferroalloy; preparing a chromium-containing second molten alloy; preparing molten steel; mixing the first molten ferroalloy and the second molten ferroalloy to manufacture third molten ferroalloy; and mix pouring the third molten ferroalloy and the molten steel to manufacture an alloy steel, wherein the phosphorous concentration in the molten steel may efficiently be controlled by reducing the converter end point temperature of the molten steel to improve a phosphorous control capacity during converter refining.

Abstract: A suspension arm includes a ball stud including a spherical ball; a bearing in which the ball is accommodated; a housing having an inner peripheral portion, an outer peripheral portion, and a lower end portion that connects a lower end of the inner peripheral portion and a lower end of the outer peripheral portion, and configured to accommodate the ball and the bearing in a state in which the ball and the bearing are spaced apart from the inner peripheral portion; an arm body coupled to a portion of the outer peripheral portion of the housing; and an insert molding part formed on an outer peripheral portion of the bearing, the inner peripheral portion of the housing, and the lower end portion of the housing to couple the bearing with the housing. A convex-concave portion is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the housing along a circumferential direction.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing alloy steel, the method comprising producing first alloy steel in a temperature holding furnace; maintaining the first alloy steel at a temperature of no lower than a melting point in the temperature holding furnace; and producing second alloy steel having an alloy content lower than the alloy content in the first alloy steel by melt mixing of the first alloy steel and molten steel. In the producing of the alloy steel, melting and storing of the ferroalloy are continuously performed, and thus, the temperature drop of the ferroalloy may be suppressed or prevented.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a bone grafting substitute having a hole. The method of manufacturing a bone grafting substitute having a hole includes a biodegradable polymer preparation operation of preparing biodegradable polymer; a molding material preparation operation of preparing a molding material by mixing the biodegradable polymer with a bone material; a molding material injection operation of injecting the molding material into a hole forming mold for molding a bone grafting substitute having a hole; and a bone grafting substitute having a hole molding operation of drying the molding material injected into the hole forming mold at a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A patterned ground shield device includes a first patterned ground shield layer and a second patterned ground shield layer. The first patterned ground shield layer is located on a first layer, and the second patterned ground shield layer is located on a second layer. The first patterned ground shield layer includes a plurality of first strip-shaped structures, and each of the first strip-shaped structures includes an oxide diffusion material. The second patterned ground shield layer includes a plurality of second strip-shaped structures, and each of the second strip-shaped structures includes a conductive material, wherein the first strip-shaped structures and the second strip-shaped structures are disposed to each other in an interlaced manner.