Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing secondary air to an exhaust system during catalyst warm-up. In one example, a method may include, during a cold start condition, operating an engine with a first number of cylinders unfired and a remaining number of cylinders fired during an engine cycle, opening an intake valve of an unfired cylinder of the first number of cylinders during an expansion stroke of the unfired cylinder, and opening an exhaust valve of the unfired cylinder during a compression stroke of the unfired cylinder. In this way, the unfired cylinders may provide the secondary air to the exhaust system during a stroke that increases mixing of the secondary air with burned exhaust gas from fired cylinders, thus increasing exotherm production in the exhaust system to increase a temperature of the catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating an engine that includes adjustable poppet valve timing and an exhaust gas recirculation valve are described. In one example, the exhaust gas recirculation valve is opened and the timing of the poppet valves is retarded so that an amount of fresh air that is pumped by the engine to an after treatment device may be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an access arrangement (90) of a wind turbine blade for accessing a hollow space within the blade. The access arrangement (90) comprises an access opening (180) provided in the blade shell member, a cover panel (92) for covering the access opening (180), a sealing member (96) arranged between the cover panel (92) and the blade shell member, and one or more fasteners (98) for releasably fastening the cover panel (92) to the blade shell member. The present invention also relates to a wind turbine blade comprising the access arrangement (90).

Abstract: Methods and systems to determine a presence or absence of engine misfire or spark plug fouling are presented. In one example, rates of change in engine speed are arranged in engine data blocks and root mean square values for the rates of change in engine speed are determined. The presence or absence of engine misfire or spark plug fouling may be based at least in part on the root mean square values.

Abstract: A method for stopping an engine within a desired crankshaft angular range is disclosed. In one example, the method may take no control actions if it is determined that the engine will stop within the desired crankshaft angular range. However, if it is determined that the engine may stop outside of the desired crankshaft angular range, expansion combustion may be initiated in a cylinder so that the engine stops in a desired crankshaft angular range.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling a vehicle including a manual transmission to prevent cold-start drive-away. In one example, a method for a vehicle with a driver clutch pedal may include preventing one of a clutch coupled between an input of a transmission and an engine output from closing and a driver-operated gearshift lever for adjusting a gear of the transmission from coming out of neutral in response to a catalyst light-off condition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an access arrangement (90) of a wind turbine blade for accessing a hollow space within the blade. The access arrangement (90) comprises an access opening (180) provided in the blade shell member, a cover panel (92) for covering the access opening (180), a sealing member (96) arranged between the cover panel (92) and the blade shell member, and one or more fasteners (98) for releasably fastening the cover panel (92) to the blade shell member. The present invention also relates to a wind turbine blade comprising the access arrangement (90).

Abstract: Systems and methods for starting and operating a direct injection engine are described. In one example, the air and fuel are injected into a pre-chamber of a cylinder of an engine while the engine is not rotating. The air and fuel are combusted in the pre-chamber to improve ignition of an air and fuel mixture in the cylinder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for sealing a joint between a first blade section and a second blade section of a wind turbine blade, a sealing member and a wind turbine blade comprising a sealing member. The sealing member having a first surface and a second surface. The sealing member having a width between a first edge and a second edge. The sealing member being configured for attachment to the first outer shell along the first edge, and for attachment to the second outer shell along the second edge. The sealing member comprising a corrugated section between the first edge and the second edge, the corrugated section comprising one or more valleys and/or ridges extending along a lengthwise direction of the sealing member.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing secondary air to an exhaust system during catalyst warm-up. In one example, a method may include, during a cold start condition, operating an engine with a first number of cylinders unfired and a remaining number of cylinders fired during an engine cycle, opening an intake valve of an unfired cylinder of the first number of cylinders during an expansion stroke of the unfired cylinder, and opening an exhaust valve of the unfired cylinder during a compression stroke of the unfired cylinder. In this way, the unfired cylinders may provide the secondary air to the exhaust system during a stroke that increases mixing of the secondary air with burned exhaust gas from fired cylinders, thus increasing exotherm production in the exhaust system to increase a temperature of the catalyst.

Abstract: A system including: a polymer substrate with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.5 W/(m-k); a spreader to form a layer of metal particulate on the polymer substrate; a mask applicator to apply a mask to a portion of the layer of metal particulate; and a pulsed irradiation light source to fuse a portion of the layer of metal particulate not covered by the mask.

Abstract: Systems and methods for stopping rotation of an engine of a vehicle in a requested or desired crankshaft window are described. In one example, spark timing of one or more engine cylinders is adjusted responsive to an actual total number of cylinder events occurring after an engine stop request is generated.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing secondary air to an exhaust system during catalyst warm-up. In one example, a method may include operating an engine in a thermactor mode responsive to a cold start condition, the thermactor mode including skipping a first number of engine cylinders and producing torque via a remaining number of the engine cylinders, and differently adjusting a cylinder valve of at least one of the first number of the engine cylinders relative to the remaining number of the engine cylinders while operating in the thermactor mode. In this way, exotherms may be generated by the secondary air reacting with fuel in exhaust gas, thus increasing a temperature of the catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing secondary air to an exhaust system during catalyst warm-up. In one example, a method may include, responsive to a cold start of an engine: operating the engine with a number of unfired cylinders and a remaining number of fired cylinders each engine cycle, and adjusting exhaust mixing by adjusting an exhaust valve parameter of at least one unfired cylinder of the number of unfired cylinders. In this way, the unfired cylinders may provide the secondary air as well as increased mixing of the secondary air with burned exhaust gas from fired cylinders, thus increasing exotherm production in the exhaust system to increase a temperature of the catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing secondary air to an exhaust system during catalyst warm-up. In one example, a method may include, during a cold start condition, operating an engine with a number of cylinders deactivated and a remaining number of cylinders active, and adjusting a first air charge within a deactivated cylinder of the number of cylinders relative to relative to a second air charge within an active cylinder of the remaining number of cylinders. In this way, an amount of secondary air provided to the exhaust system of the engine may be more robustly controlled, thus decreasing cooling of the exhaust system during the cold start condition that may otherwise occur due to excess secondary air.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for protecting an exhaust catalyst from degradation during a DFSO event. Exit from DFSO due to pedal input received from an operator with a jittery foot is averted by filtering the pedal input differently when operating in a DFSO mode as compared to when operating out of the DFSO mode. Exit from DFSO is confirmed after receiving a higher than threshold pedal position input for a sustained period of time, or when an integrated fuel injection amount exceeds a threshold amount.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for multiplexing ignition signals in an engine system based on engine operating conditions, each cylinder of the engine system including a main chamber spark plug and a pre-chamber system. In one example, a method may include multiplexing spark signals to a first spark plug and a second spark plug, the first spark plug coupled to a pre-chamber of a first cylinder and the second spark plug coupled to a main chamber of a second cylinder. In this way, one ignition coil may be used to actuate two different spark plugs coupled to separate cylinders.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a cylinder of an engine including a pre-chamber ignition system. In one example, a method may include determining amounts of pre-chamber gases in the cylinder prior to combustion, and adjusting an amount of fuel injected into the cylinder based on the amounts of pre-chamber gases in the cylinder. In this way, cylinder fueling may be compensated for additional air and/or fuel from the pre-chamber gases, which may increase an accuracy of the cylinder fueling and increase cylinder efficiency.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a build material distribution device is described. The build material distribution device includes a pressurized container to hold a suspension of a powdered build material in a liquid carrier. The powdered build material is to form a three-dimensional (3D) printed part. The build material distribution device also includes a nozzle through which the suspension is ejected and a pressurizer coupled to the pressurized container to eject the suspension through the nozzle.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a cylinder of an engine including a pre-chamber ignition system during a cold start condition. In one example, a method may include performing a post-injection in the cylinder, and then performing a pre-chamber combustion during an exhaust stroke of the cylinder. In this way, a temperature of a catalyst of the engine may be increased, which may decrease vehicle emissions during the cold start condition.