Abstract: A memory that includes a plurality of packet pins, a synchronous memory, and a packet controller. The synchronous memory receives address and control signals in synchronization with a clock signal. The packet controller sequentially receives packet data bits through the packet pins in synchronization with the clock signal when a packet enable signal is activated, and converts the inputted packet data into the address and control signals. Specifically, packet data bits that are first inputted through the packet pins represent an operation mode.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device, including a DRAM core having memory cells for storing data information, and a read protection unit, prevents data stored in the memory cells before power-off, from being read out at power-on.

Abstract: A plurality of internal circuits of a memory device are operable at first and second internal voltages, where the first internal voltage is less than the second internal voltage. A first power port of the memory device receives a first power supply voltage, and a second power port of the memory device receives a second power supply voltage, where the first power supply voltage is less than the second power supply voltage. An internal voltage generation circuit of the memory device is selectively operable in either a first mode in which the second internal voltage is generated from the first power supply voltage, or a second mode in which the second internal voltage is generated from the second power supply voltage.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device and a failed cell address programming circuit usable therein.

Abstract: A plurality of internal circuits of a memory device are operable at first and second internal voltages, where the first internal voltage is less than the second internal voltage. A first power port of the memory device receives a first power supply voltage, and a second power port of the memory device receives a second power supply voltage, where the first power supply voltage is less than the second power supply voltage. An internal voltage generation circuit of the memory device is selectively operable in either a first mode in which the second internal voltage is generated from the first power supply voltage, or a second mode in which the second internal voltage is generated from the second power supply voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a network-based attack tracing system and method using a distributed attack detection agent and manager system that can detect and trace an attack path of a hacker in real time on the whole network using distributed network-based attack detection agent, request manager, and reply manager. The agent detects an attack using a network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS), analyzes an alarm log that is judged to be the attack, changes the analyzed alarm log into attack information, and transmits the attack information to the request manager. The request manager performs a search of an attack IP based on the attack information received from the agent, stores a result of search in a tree structure, and if a final search is completed, extracts a hacking path using a binary search tree (BST) algorithm.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device and a failed cell address programming circuit usable therein.

Abstract: An intrusion detection method by adaptive rule estimation in a network-based intrusion detection system (NDS) is disclosed. The method includes collecting a packet on a network and searching for an original rule most similar to the collected packet from a rule database in which a rule for intrusion detection is stored, and judging whether a hacker intrudes by estimating a changed position of the collected packet from the original rule. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an indirect attack of a hacker using a packet whose number of bits is changed due to deletion/insertion of characters from/into the packet.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory device includes a circuit for generating sense amplification activation signals applied to sense amplifier circuits. The circuit changes the slopes of the activation signals according to variation of a power supply voltage. According to the present invention, the peak current the sense amplifier circuits use when the power supply voltage increases, is reduced, so that the sense amplifier circuits create less noise in the memory device.

Abstract: Integrated circuit memory devices include a memory cell block that includes sub-array blocks and a first number of input/output line pairs adjacent each of a pair of opposing sides of each of the sub-array blocks. A circuit is configured to select one of the sub-array blocks and to input/output the first number of bits of data through the first number of input/output line pairs adjacent each of the pair of opposing sides of the selected one of the sub-array blocks. The circuit is further configured to select a second number of the sub-array blocks and to input/output the first number times the second number of bits of data through the first number of input/output line pairs adjacent each of a pair of opposing sides of the selected second number of the sub-array blocks. Accordingly, the number of input/output lines need not increase even when the bandwidth increases.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) including a plurality of memory banks is capable of selectively performing a self-refresh operation with respect to only a subset of the banks. The DRAM includes a plurality of row decoders for selecting word lines of the memory cells of the memory banks, an address generator for generating internal addresses which sequentially vary during a self-refresh mode, a refresh bank designating circuit for generating refresh bank designating signals for designating a memory bank to be refreshed, and a bank selection decoder for designating one or more memory banks to be refreshed by the refresh bank designating signals and supplying refresh addresses to the row decoders corresponding to the designated memory banks according to the information of the internal addresses. The self-refresh operation is performed for only selected memory banks, or alternatively, only in those memory banks in which data is stored, thereby minimizing power consumption.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) including a plurality of memory banks is capable of selectively performing a self-refresh operation with respect to only a subset of the banks. The DRAM includes a plurality of row decoders for selecting word lines of the memory cells of the memory banks, an address generator for generating internal addresses which sequentially vary during a self-refresh mode, a refresh bank designating circuit for generating refresh bank designating signals for designating a memory bank to be refreshed, and a bank selection decoder for designating one or more memory banks to be refreshed by the refresh bank designating signals and supplying refresh addresses to the row decoders corresponding to the designated memory banks according to the information of the internal addresses. The self-refresh operation is performed for only selected memory banks, or alternatively, only in those memory banks in which data is stored, thereby minimizing power consumption.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory device includes a circuit for generating sense amplification activation signals applied to sense amplifier circuits. The circuit changes the slopes of the activation signals according to variation of a power supply voltage. According to the present invention, the peak current the sense amplifier circuits use when the power supply voltage increases, is reduced, so that the sense amplifier circuits create less noise in the memory device.

Abstract: A column select line control circuit for a synchronous semiconductor memory device increases the time margin for writing input data to memory cells in prefetch mode by delaying the disablement of the column select lines during a write operation, thereby extending the time for writing data to the cells. The control circuit includes a column select line control circuit that generates enable and disable signals in response to an internal clock signal, and a column decoder that enables and disables a column select line in response to the enable and disable signals. In pipeline mode, the column select line control circuit generates the disable signal by delaying the internal clock signal and generates the enable signal by delaying and inverting the internal clock signal. In prefetch mode, the column select line control signal adds an additional delay to both the enable and disable signals, but only during write operations.

Abstract: Disclosed are automatic vertical moving systems and control methods therefor for regularly lowering an object with predetermined depth and time intervals to a desired maximum depth in water and then raising it to the surface of water to analyze vertical changes of water quality in lakes and reservoirs continuously, comprising a barge for floating on the surface of the water so as to be retained at a desired position thereon, a winch mounted on the barge, rotatable in opposite directions to lower and raise the object and provided with a wire rope wound and rewound around the winch according to the rotational directions, the wire rope being connected at its free end to the object, an electric motor connected to the winch for rotating in opposite directions, and a motor controller for controlling the motor to be regularly activated and deactivated and to be changed in rotational directions thereof.

Abstract: A column select line enable circuit prevents the first bit in a sequence of output data from being missed, thereby reducing tRCD in a synchronous memory device. The circuit delays a predetermined period of time after a row active command is applied to the memory device and then activates a column select enable line regardless of the state of the system clock signal. The column select enable line is maintained in an active state for a second period of time to allow the first bit of data to be read from the device. Thereafter, the column select enable line is enabled and disabled responsive to the system clock signal to read the remaining bits in the sequence of output data in a conventional manner. In a preferred embodiment, the circuit does not enable the column select enable line unless a decoded bank address signal is active.

Abstract: A boost voltage generating circuit for a memory device prevents excessive voltage on a word line for a memory cell array and reduces power consumption by utilizing an internal array reference voltage signal as a reference signal for the boost voltage generating circuit. The circuit maintains the boost voltage power supply signal at a predetermined level independently of the voltage level of an internal peripheral reference voltage signal which is applied to a peripheral circuit and which can be increased to increase the speed of the memory device without causing excessive voltage on the word line. The boost voltage generating circuit includes a level detector circuit which receives the array reference voltage signal as a reference signal. The boost voltage generating circuit also includes a pulse generator and a pumping circuit which utilize the array reference voltage signal as a power supply.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device incorporating a column redundancy circuit using a decoded fuse. The column redundancy circuit is capable of designating a repaired address during a parallel test mode of memory operation when an address input is a "don't care," and it is particularly useful in a multiple input/output memory architecture which uses one column select per I/O line.

Abstract: An integrated circuit memory device includes a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns, a plurality of word lines wherein each of the word lines is associated with a predetermined row of the memory cells, and a plurality of common lines wherein each of the column lines is associated with a predetermined column of the memory cells. Each of a plurality of sense amplifiers is associated with a respective column line and each of the sense amplifiers detects a voltage difference between a pair of bit lines for the respective column and amplifies the voltage difference. A row decoder selects one of the word lines in response to a row address input during a write operation. An input/output driver receives data input during the write operation, and each of a plurality of input/output gates is connected between the input/output driver and a respective one of the column lines.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device architecture and method thereof obtains a high data bandwidth by forming multiple input/output lines. A unit array has a plurality of reference blocks formed in a length direction of the device, each reference block storing a plurality of memory cells. A sub array has a plurality of unit arrays formed in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the length direction. A word line selects memory cells from within the reference blocks, the word line extending in the length direction. A pair of bit lines and a pair of data input/output lines extend in the longitudinal direction. The pair of data input/output lines are correspondingly connected to 2.sup.n (n=1,2, . . . ) pairs of bit lines. A read select signal line selects a pair of bit lines from among 2.sup.n pairs of bit lines connected to one pair of data input/output lines in response to an input of a column address during a read operation. A write select signal line selects a pair of bit lines from among 2.sup.