Abstract: A sodium-azide-free gas-generating composition includes an oxidizable borohydride fuel and an oxidizing agent containing oxygen and a metal. The fuel and the oxidizing agent are selected such that water vapor is produced upon reaction between the borohydride fuel and the oxidizing agent. Suitable oxidizing agents contain a metal and oxygen and are selected from a metal oxide, a metal oxide hydrate, a metal oxide hydroxide, a metal hydrous oxide, a metal hydroxide, or mixtures thereof. The fuel and oxidizing agent are selected such that water vapor is the major gaseous combustion product.

Abstract: A hybrid rocket motor having enhanced fuel combustion efficiency is disclosed which includes a plurality of axially aligned fuel grains having multiple axial perforations. The fuel grains are rotated or canted relative to adjacent fuel grains such that the multiple axial perforations are offset.

Abstract: Gas generating compositions or propellants are provided which comprise a non-azide fuel which is a transition metal complex of an aminoarazole. Preferred transition metal complexes are zinc and copper complexes of 5-aminotetrazole and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, with the zinc complexes most preferred. The propellant compositions also include a conventional oxidizer, such as potassium nitrate or strontium nitrate. These compositions are useful for generating a nitrogen-containing gas for a variety of applications, especially for inflating air bags in automotive restraint systems, as well as other inflatable devices.

Abstract: Scavenging and neutralization of HCl from the exhaust plume of a solid grain rocket motor is achieved by including elemental magnesium as the sole metallic component. The magnesium acts both as a propellant fuel and as a scavenger of halogen acids derived form the halogenic oxidizer. Combustion of the high energy propellant produces an exhaust plume from which the halogen acids are scavenged.

Abstract: Gas generating compositions or propellants are provided which comprise a fuel and a novel oxidizer therefor comprising an inorganic compound having a poly(nitrito) transition metal complex anion. The inorganic oxidant compounds are generically represented by the formula:M.sub.x.sup.1 M.sub.y.sup.2 (NO.sub.2).sub.zwherein (1) M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the (a) Group IA alkali metals, (b) Group IIA alkaline earth metals, preferably strontium, (c) Group IB metals, preferably copper, and (d) Group IIB metals, preferably zinc, of the Periodic Table, (2) M.sup.2 is a metal selected from the transition metals of Groups IVA-IIB of the Periodic Table, (3) x=1, 2, 3, or 4; y=1 or 2, and z=4 or 6 as determined by the required stoichiometry of the metals of the complex, and (4) the M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 metals selected are different metals. M.sup.1 is preferably the Group IA alkali metals, more preferably sodium and potassium, and most preferably potassium. M.sup.

Abstract: High performance solid propellant compositions producing halogen-free exhaust products comprised of Ammonium Nitrate and powdered magnesium and optionally containing polyoxypropylene glycol as a binder.

Abstract: A process is provided for metallating ethylene polymers which have polymerized therein a minor amount of nonconjugated diene. Metallation is accomplished with a blend of three metallating reagents: (a) an alkyllithium compound; (b) a potassium alkoxide; and (c) a chelating tertiary diamine. The metallated polymers so prepared may be reacted with one or more anionically polymerizable monomers to form graft polymers or with a reagent such as carbon dioxide to form a functionalized polymer. When the anionically polymerizable monomer has two or more polymerizable sites, the metallated polymer is reacted with a modifying compound such as alpha-methylstyrene before it is reacted with the monomer(s). Certain of the graft polymers behave as thermoplastic elastomers whereas others are thermoplastic. The blend of metallating reagents may be used with any polymer having partial or complete unsaturation.

Abstract: A process is provided for metallating ethylene polymers which have polymerized therein a minor amount of nonconjugated diene. Metallation is accomplished with a blend of three metallating reagents: (a) an alkyllithium compound; (b) a potassium alkoxide; and (c) a chelating tertiary diamine. The metallated polymers so prepared may be reacted with one or more anionically polymerizable monomers to form graft polymers or with a reagent such as carbon dioxide to form a functionalized polymer. When the anionically polymerizable monomer has two or more polymerizable sites, the metallated polymer is reacted with a modifying compound such as alpha-methylstyrene before it is reacted with the monomer(s). Certain of the graft polymers behave as thermoplastic elastomers whereas others are thermoplastic. The blend of metallating reagents may be used with any polymer having partial or complete unsaturation.

Abstract: A process is provided for metallating ethylene polymers which have polymerized therein a minor amount of nonconjugated diene. Metallation is accomplished with a blend of three metallating reagents: (a) an alkyllithium compound; (b) a potassium alkoxide; and (c) a chelating tertiary diamine. The metallated polymers so prepared may be reacted with one or more anionically polymerizable monomers to form graft polymers or with a reagent such as carbon dioxide to form a functionalized polymer. When the anionically polymerizable monomer has two or more polymerizable sites, the metallated polymer is reacted with a modifying compound such as alpha-methylstyrene before it is reacted with the monomer(s). Certain of the graft polymers behave as thermoplastic elastomers whereas others are thermoplastic. The blend of metallating reagents may be used with any polymer having partial or complete unsaturation.

Abstract: A process is provided for metallating crystalline ethylene polymers which have polymerized therein a minor amount of at least one nonconjugated diene and, optionally, a minor amount of at least one 1-olefin. Metallation is accomplished with an alkyllithium compound and at least one activating reagent after a slurry of the copolymer in a nonreactive, saturated, nonpolar hydrocarbon solvent is first heated to a temperature greater than 80.degree. Centigrade to provide the polymer with an expanded settling volume greater than its original settling volume. Metallation may be accomplished either at that temperature or at a lower temperature following cooling of the slurry. The activating reagents include potassium alkoxides, and chelating tertiary diamines. The metallated polymers so prepared may be reacted with (a) one or more anionically polymerizable monomers to form graft polymers or (b) a reagent such as carbon dioxide to form a functionalized polymer.

Abstract: Olefins are polymerized in the presence of, as a catalyst therefor, the catalytic reaction product resulting from heating a mixture of(A) at least one hydrocarbon soluble organomagnesium material;(B) at least one epihalohydrin;(C) at least one reducing halide source; and(D) at least one transition metal (Tm) compound.

Abstract: A catalyst for polymerizing olefins is the product resulting from heating in an inert hydrocarbon diluent a mixture of (A) an organomagnesium material, (B) an epihalohydrin, (C) a reducing halide source and (D) a transition metal compound.