Abstract: Fiber fleeces made of synthetic fibers or of natural fibers are compacted after their formation, for example, by carding or by simply being laid down in endless fiber fleeces. In the fleece according to the invention, which is intended to be voluminous yet compact, neither low-melting binding fibers nor chemical binders are used for the purpose. The mechanical needling method, i.e. with needles, cannot be used, however, because the volume is reduced too sharply. The desired volume is retained and the double fleece desired for hygienic products, for example, is achieved by the fleece produced, for example, on a card machine or aerodynamically initially being laid down on a previously compacted fleece, such as spun fleece made of endless fibers for example, as the carrier fleece and then being compacted in a continuous processing method by water needling at a water pressure of at least 100 bars and, preferably 180 bars, and thus being simultaneously joined to the carrier fleece.

Abstract: A jet bar on a device for producing streams of liquid for jet interweaving of the fibers of a fiber web guided along the bar includes an upper part that extends over the operating width of the fiber web and a lower part fastened thereto in a liquid-tight manner. In the upper part and extending over its length, a pressure chamber is located which receives liquid that is under pressure, endwise for example. Parallel thereto, with an intermediate partition, a pressure distribution chamber is provided which is connected with the pressure chamber by throughflow holes for liquid extending through the intermediate partition. A jet sheet with holes for forming jets of liquid is mounted in a liquid-tight fashion on the lower part.

Abstract: A stuffer box crimping unit provided with a crimping chamber and two feed rolls associated with the chamber and located upstream thereof, has pressure disks associated on both sides in side walls of the crimping chamber at the level of the nip between the two feed rolls. These two disks are not only made from a material provided for wear, but also from a separate carrier disk made of appropriate material. The carrier disk is a wear element shaped like a lid and made of the nonferrous metal intended for wear in the direction facing the pressure roll nip. This wear element is readily replaced and there is no need any longer for regrinding the wear surfaces of pressure disks so that the disks can be reused.

Abstract: In a washing method, a web of textile goods is wetted with a washing-active liquid and the liquid is caused to foam by steam which is blown at high pressure into a back side of the web of goods with a pile on the front side. The steam is discharged from a nozzle slot that extends transversely across the web of goods. The nozzle directs the steam against the web and through it. The foam which then suddenly forms is then drawn off by a vacuum or suction together with the liquid still in the pile from the pile side of the web.

Abstract: The position of the exhaust air flap of a through-flow dryer, for example, a screen drum dryer, is adjusted to determine the moisture content of the exhaust air. This is advantageously accomplished as a function of the desired drying temperature of the goods or their moisture content when the good leaves the dryer. Provision is made according to the invention to measure the temperature of the air after passing though the web, at least in the vicinity of the outlet of the dryer, to relate it to the temperature of the ambient air and thus to determine the temperature of the goods and hence their moisture content, since in the residual drying range, the moisture content of the goods is a function of the temperature of the goods. The exhaust air moisture content can then be regulated with this measured value.

Abstract: A method wherein a thin card web which contains meltable synthetic fibers as well as natural fibers is processed into a thicker web of fleece. The synthetic fibers are initially melted to prestrengthen the web. Then the web is saturated with the appropriate fluid finishing agent for making the web flame-resistant and the like and this web can then be readily dried on a screen drum dryer. It is at this point that the web layers are accumulated into a proper fleece in a cross layer unit which transfer the end product to a heat treatment assembly for heating to effect vulcanization, curing or setting of the synthetic fibers.

Abstract: A device for continuous treatment of sheet material or the the like includes a permeable drum for wet or dry treatment of textile material, paper or other permeably materials of a certain width having a normal perforated sheet metal drum jacket, upon which sheet metal strips extending longitudinally over the length of the drum are welded at a spacing from one another. The sheet metal strips improve the uniform ventilation of the material lying externally on the a screen mesh covering on the edges of the sheet metal strips and in addition increase the resistance of the drum to bulging.

Abstract: A permeable sheet-metal drum for the wet or dry treatment of textile material, paper or other permeable material of a certain width comprises a normal perforated sheet-metal drum body, on which, along the length of the drum body, projecting sheet-metal strips are attached at a distance from one another. The attachment is achieved by means of bolts or rivets which are inserted into a transverse flange of each metal strip which is perforated like the perforations of the drum and extends perpendicular to each of the sheet-metal strips. The sheet-metal strips increase the drum's resistance to denting and improve the uniform ventilation of the textile or like material lying externally on the edges of the sheet-metal strips on a screen mesh covering.

Abstract: A permeable drum for wet or dry treatment of textile material, paper or such permeable materials of a certain width comprises narrow sheet metal strips or narrow webs. The sheet metal strips extend in an axially parallel direction. Connector members between the sheet metal strips are aligned in the peripheral direction. The connector members, also serving as spacers, are of a one-piece design and connect to adjacent sheet metal strips. Secure connection of the spacers to the sheet metal strips is effected by screws. Radially inward beneath the inner edges of the strips is a sheet metal jacket, provided with apertures, having its axis arranged in parallel to a longitudinal axis of the permeable drum. This additional sheet metal jacket causes a certain dynamic pressure of the air flowing through the permeable drum, so that the treatment result is rendered more uniform. Furthermore, the precision of rotation of the permeable drum construction is increased.

Abstract: Textile webs that are to be dyed, printed, or otherwise finished must be fed to such a treatment process in a clean condition. For continuous cleaning without large apparatus and without environmental impact, the pile of the textile web is saturated with a liquid containing washing-active substances and compounds which are caused to foam under the effects of heat especially under steam. After steaming, the foam that is produced in the steam for cleaning is vacuumed away with the contaminants it contains.

Abstract: Only one of the two bobbins located side by side is wound at a time. When one bobbin is full, a thread guide must switch the thread to the adjacent empty bobbin. In order to keep the thread wound up on the full bobbin from unwinding, it is held by a pressure applying element such as a brush, against the immediately adjacent bobbin flanges until the loop between the bobbins is cut by a cutter.

Abstract: Textile webs that are to be dyed, printed, or otherwise finished must be fed to such a treatment process in a clean condition. For continuous cleaning without large apparatus and without environmental impact, the pile of the textile web is saturated with a liquid containing washing-active substances and compounds which are caused to foam under the effects of heat especially under steam. After steaming, the foam that is produced in the steam for cleaning is vacuumed away with the contaminants it contains.

Abstract: Laboratory-scale dyeing of samples of lengths of material must correspond to the continuous process conditions as executed in practice in order to obtain comparable dyeing results. For this purpose, the provision is made of joining the sample piece into a tube and of pushing same onto a roll which revolves continuously during dyestuff application as well as during the steaming procedure. For performing this laboratory dyeing-steaming cycle, it is advantageous to arrange the dyeing roll on a rocking lever pivotable from i dyeing position below the dyestuff applicator into a steaming position below a steamer hood. The steamer hood, for steaming purposes, need merely be moved downwards to immerse the dyeing roller in total into the steam atmosphere.

Abstract: A device for applying a laminar flowing liquid film of considerable width, the film being uniformly thin over the working width, to a continuously advanced web of goods includes a liquid distribution device supplied with liquid fed by a pump and provided with a plurality of liquid distribution chambers and an associated guide surface from which the liquid film flows onto the web of goods. The liquid distribution chamber is connected by a supply line with the pump and the guide surface extend over a working width greater than the cross section the of supply line. Each liquid distribution chamber extend only over an exactly defined working width which is narrow by comparison with the width of the wider web of goods, and each chamber is connected with only one liquid supply line.

Abstract: In the bonding of lightweight fleeces, there is the problem at relatively high feeding velocities of providing the fleece with the required amount of impregnating agent. Also, it has been found that the individual fibers of a fleece move with respect to one another during the impregnating step, and the fleece tends to disintegrate. In order to impart to the fleece, without great expenditure, a strength required for the bonding procedure, the provision is made to subject the fleece to a preliminary bonding step by wetting with cold water prior to application of the bonding agent, for example in a foam padder. It has been discovered under practical conditions that this minor bonding step is adequate for avoiding disintegration of the loose fiber layer within the nip padder during impregnation.

Abstract: Laboratory-scale dyeing of samples of lengths of material must correspond to the continuous process conditions as executed in practice in order to obtain comparable dyeing results. For this purpose, the provision is made of joining the sample piece into a tube and of pushing same onto a roll which revolves continuously during dyestuff application as well as during the steaming procedure. For performing this laboratory dyeing-steaming cycle, it is advantageous to arrange the dyeing roll on a rocking lever pivotable from a dyeing position below the dyestuff applicator into a steaming position below a steamer hood. The steamer hood, for steaming purposes, need merely be moved downwards to immerse the dyeing roller in total into the steam atmosphere.

Abstract: In a screen drum device with a fan mounted endwise for generating suction through the screen drum surface, in front of a screen drum jacket, a baffle cover is usually provided. This baffle cover generates in a baffle chamber in front of the baffle cover, the accumulated pressure which is required for uniform processing of a web of material. In order to be able to handle optimally webs of different widths on the screen drum, the baffle cover in the vicinity of the narrow width of the goods is made so that it can be either removed completely or is given an opening mechanism, or the baffle cover has an additional screen cover located parallel thereto and displaceable with respect to the baffle cover.

Abstract: A highly permeable drum for the wet or dry treatment of textile material, paper or other permeable materials of a certain width consists solely of narrow sheet metal strips and narrow webs, the extension in width of which is oriented in the radial direction. The sheet metal strips extend axially parallel, and the spacers extend perpendicularly thereto. In accordance with further development of this known structure, the connecting-locking elements to be arranged between the sheet metal strips consist of elements extending from a space between two sheet metal strips into the neighboring space. The result is a simple, readily mountable, and more lightweight construction of the drum shell.

Abstract: In the sieve drum device, a screen cover is not arranged, as customary, horizontally with sieve drums located, for example, in side-by-side relationship, but rather concentrically surrounds the respective sieve drum in the region covered by the material. In order to facilitate cleaning of the screen cover, the cover is swingable swung about a joint arranged on an axis in parallel to the sieve drum axis.

Abstract: Nonwoven fabrics are produced by mixing fibers especially textile fibers with binder powders, and by bonding the fibers and binder powders in twin-platform belt ovens for heating the powder. During this step, air is passed through the nonwoven mat or web or interlocked fibers. In order to avoid contamination of the oven with binder powder fragments detached from the nonwoven fabric, the provision is made to arrange a steaming process upstream of the air heat treatment process. The steam is to condense on the fibers or on the binder powder and to promote sticking of the powder to the fibers of the nonwoven fabric. Advantageously, a sieve drum device is employed in place of the twin-platform belt oven for the final bonding heat treatment; this device can operate herein in a much more economical fashion than the oven.