Abstract: The present invention is based on the finding that the cis/trans isomerisation of secondary amide peptide bonds in oligo- and polypeptides can be catalytically promoted. This catalysis is effected by enzymes which are hereinafter called “secondary amide peptide bond cis/trans isomerases (APIases). It can be assumed that the APIase activity plays a central role in a number of pathophysiological processes. Thus, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising substances which inhibit APIase activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cyclosporins, processes for their preparation, their use as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. The novel cyclosporins are represented by the compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the letters A to L represent residues of amino acids.

Abstract: A pump assembly which comprises a vane pump and a second hydraulic pump driven together with this vane pump. The vane pump has a suction region in which first pressure spaces between the vanes and second, rear pressure spaces behind the vanes become larger and a pressure region in which the pressure spaces become smaller and in which the pressure spaces are fluidically connected to a pressure outlet. This vane pump is intended particularly for supplying operating cylinders of a hydromechanical transmission of a motor vehicle with pressure fluid under relatively high pressure. The second hydraulic pump has positively driven displacement elements and is intended for supplying a circuit having a relatively low system pressure, in particular a lubricating-oil circuit of the motor vehicle, with pressure fluid.

Abstract: Inhibitors of phosphoserine- or phosphothreonine-specific pepidyl prolyl isomerases are described.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for treating a Pin1-associated state in a subject including administering to a subject an effective amount of a fredericamycin A compound such that the Pin1-associated state is treated. In another aspect, this invention includes the above described method, wherein the Pin1-associated state is a cyclin D1 elevated state, neoplastic transformation, and/or tumor growth. In an embodiment, this invention provides the above described methods, wherein the Pin1-associated state is colon cancer, breast cancer, a sarcoma, a malignant lymphoma, and/or esophageal cancer. This invention also provides a method for treating cyclin D1 overexpression in a subject including administering to a subject an effective amount of a combination of a fredericamycin A compound and a hyperplastic inhibitory agent such that the cyclin D1 overexpression is treated.

Abstract: Inhibitors of phosphoserine- or posphothreonine-specific peptidyl prolyl isomerases are described. Such inhibitors include molecules that mimic the structure and conformation of the pSer/pThr-Pro peptide moiety of the isomerase substrate when the substrate is bound into the active site of the isomerase. For example, a protein, peptide or peptide mimetic including xSer/ThrY where x is a negatively charged tetra or pentavalent moiety and Y is a Pro or a Pro analog. Methods of inhibiting cell growth and methods of identifying phosphoserine- or phosphothreonine-proline specific peptidyl-prolyl isomerase inhibitors are also included in the invention.

Abstract: A suspension for a wheel in a motor vehicle, such as a passenger car, having a link which is made of fiber composite and is mounted at one end, by means of a mounting, on a chassis of the vehicle and at the other end holds the wheel, and having spring means which are made of fiber composite and support the link on the chassis in a resilient manner. In order to obtain a particularly compact construction for the wheel suspension, the mounting has a bearing in which a bearing part, which is fastened to the chassis, is mounted such that it can be adjusted relative to a bearing part, which is fastened to the link, by pivoting about a pivot axis, and the spring means having a torsion-bar suspension which extends coaxially to the pivot axis and is fastened at one end to the chassis or to the bearing part fixed to the chassis, and is fastened at the other end to the link or to the bearing part fixed to the link.

Abstract: A positioning drive having a hydraulic motor with a cam disc which is rotatable with a motor shaft and has a cam, a control valve which, with the hydraulic motor forms a unit with a housing and has a valve piston which is displaceable between several positions, a control element via which the valve piston can be supported on the cam disc, and an adjustment element which is operatively disposed between the control element and the valve piston and coaxial to the latter. The relative position between the valve piston and control element is variable by relative adjustment of the adjustment element with respect to the valve piston. The position of the adjustment element relative to the valve piston is securable by a releasable locking element. The outer of the two parts, valve piston and adjustment element, is guided outwards through the housing, and the locking element is accessible externally of the housing.

Abstract: A process for determining the concentration of cyclosporine in a sample, which comprises adding to the sample a predetermined amount of an isomerase which isomerizes N-terminal peptide to proline, then measuring the enzyme-catalyzed inhibition of the isomerization of a proline-containing substrate, and determining the concentration or cyclosporine from a calibration curve.

Abstract: Closed loop control circuit for a variable hydraulic pump the output flow of the pump being variable by control means and the pump including at least two closed loop controllers actuating the control means, wherein at least one hydraulic switching element is provided which automatically connects to the control means the closed loop controller providing the highest or the lowest pressure.

Abstract: A vane pump or a vane motor is here specified, having a variable displacement volume. The vane pump has a vane rotor and an annular stator that surrounds the rotor eccentrically and that is stabilized by means of a piston arrangement for adjusting the eccentricity that determines the displacement volume. The piston arrangement includes at least one pendulum piston that is acted upon by a pressure medium, the pendulum piston being guided in a sealed manner in a housing bore by a piston head that delimits a control space. To simplify the assembly and to decrease manufacturing costs while simultaneously improving the sealing action and increasing the peripheral life of the guide surfaces, plastic rings, which are composed of wear resistant, sliding material, or are prestressed radially, to guide the piston in the piston bore and to seal the control space are embedded, inserted or emplaced in the piston head.

Abstract: A cheek plate for a vane pump is provided which is made of an aluminum alloy. The cheek plate has a first or casing face which faces towards the casing of the pump when installed in the pump. A second or rotor face of the cheek plate faces the rotor when the cheek plate is installed in the pump. The cheek plate further includes a first radially outwardly located pressure control passage configuration, a second pressure control passage configuration located radially inwardly with respect to the first pressure control passage configuration. A first radially outwardly suction control passage configuration located diametrically opposite to the first pressure control passage configuration and a second suction control passage configuration located radially inwardly with respect to the first suction control passage configuration. The first and second pressure control passage configurations and the first and second suction control passage configurations extend between the casing face and the rotor face.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound turbo-drive for a two cylinder bank V-form internal-combustion engine with an exhaust-gas turbocharger for each cylinder bank that together feed a re-expansion turbine. To obtain a space-saving arrangement, the re-expansion turbine has a double-flow turbine housing with two integrated side inlet housings to which the exhaust-gas turbines of the exhaust-gas turbochargers are arranged horizontally.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit comprising a control pump having first and second adjustment means for changing the output volume of fluid pump, and a regulating valve adapted to suppy user means with a pressurized liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radial piston machine comprising height adjustment means, control means and adjustment means all having abutment means designed such that the cam ring of the machine will carry out during its adjustment a substantially rolling movement.

Abstract: In a four-stroke internal combustion engine for driving a motor vehicle, a throttle flap holding back the exhaust gases during vehicle braking is arranged in the outlet channel. Each of the outlet valves controlled by a cam shaft via rockers has assigned to it a limiting device by means of which the stroke of the outlet valves is limited during braking to an amount which prevents the outlet valves from closing. To increase the engine braking power in an internal combustion engine of this type, the stroke of the outlet valves is limited to an amount at which the opened outlet valves achieve a braking effect, and there is a directional valve which is adjustable as a function of the brake-pedal travel and by means of which the throttle flap and the limiting devices can be actuated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a click stop device assembled of three elongated securing units in the form of notched bars. The notched bars are disconnectably mounted to the inner circumference of supporting rings which surround an axially displaceable member provided with radially directed engaging balls. The cross section of the member and the corresponding contour of the supporting rings has hexagonal shape to prevent angular displacement.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying signals to a vidicon which furnishes a color image of a selected portion of the human body, especially of the mamma, has an optical scanning system which transmits a thermal image of the selected portion of the body to a pyroelectric infrared detector without touching the selected portion. The detector transmits signals denoting the temperature of different spots of the selected portion of the body to a storage whose output transmits signals to the vidicon, always via one of a series of threshold circuits which are calibrated to transmit signals to associated color matrices only when the intensity of such signals is within a range denoting the particular color. The matrices transmit signals to the vidicon so that the latter furnishes a color image of the selected portion of the body.

Abstract: In an automotive vehicle having an engine connected to a gear-type transmission via a torque converter and a 1x converter-bridging clutch, an electronic circuit for automatically shifting the transmission and operating the clutch comprises a comparison-pulse generator emitting pulses having durations varying in accordance with engaged gear ratio and engine-loading conditions, these pulses being fed to the data inputs of a pair of D-type flip-flops for a time comparison with clock-input signals from a multiplexer/counter having periods proportional to the rotation rate of a converter turbine during a first processing phase of a time-division operating cycle and to the rotation rate of a transmission output shaft during a second processing phase.

Abstract: A two-way pressure-control valve has a housing formed with an axially extending bore adjacent whose front end opens a front port and adjacent whose rear end opens a rear port. A valve body is slidable in the bore between the rear port and the front end and a piston is slidable in the bore between the rear end and the rear port. Thus the valve body can slide across the front port and block fluid flow between the ports via the bore, and the valve body and the piston define a front compartment, a middle compartment always connected to the rear port and connectable to the front port when the valve body is moved forwardly, and a rear compartment. A passage is formed in the housing for connecting the front port to the rear compartment so that the pressure in the middle and rear ports is always effective across the piston. In addition the valve body is formed with an axially through-going small-diameter orifice that allows pressurization of the front compartment to the same pressure as the middle compartment.