Abstract: Provided is a negative electrode active material for a secondary battery including a core-shell composite including: a core including a silicon oxide (SiOx, 0<x?2) and a metal silicate in at least a part of the silicon oxide; and a shell including a metal-substituted organic compound, wherein the metal of the metal silicate and the substituted metal of the organic compound are independent of each other, wherein each of the metal of the metal silicate and the substituted metal of the organic compound includes an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a substrate can reduce the concentration of process by-products in a chemical solution.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are provided. The anode active material includes a plurality of composite particles, each composite particle including a silicon-based active material particle including silicon; and a carbon coating layer formed on at least a portion of a surface of the silicon-based active material particle, wherein a relative standard deviation of G/Si peak intensity ratios of a Raman spectrum as defined in Equation 1 measured for each of 50 different composite particles among the plurality of composite particles is 50% or less.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for reusing wastewater. The method for reusing wastewater disclosed herein includes: generating a mixed wastewater by mixing multiple types of wastewater (S20); performing a first purification by passing the mixed wastewater through a flocculation-sedimentation unit (S40); performing a second purification by passing an effluent of the flocculation-sedimentation unit through a membrane bioreactor (MBR) (S60); performing a third purification by passing an effluent of the MBR through a reverse-osmosis membrane unit (S80); and reusing an effluent of the reverse-osmosis membrane unit as cooling water or industrial water (S100).

Abstract: Provided is a defect analysis device which may include a light source that irradiates an analysis target layer of an element with light, a position adjuster that adjusts a position in the analysis target in the analysis target to be irradiated with the light, a detector that measures a current value of current flowing between a source area of the element electrically connected to one end of the analysis target layer and a drain area of the element electrically connected to the other end of the analysis target layer in the element, and an analyzer that acquires quantitative data related to a defect in the analysis target layer on the basis of the current value in which, in a first mode, a plurality of areas of the analysis target layer are sequentially irradiated with the light.

Abstract: An anode active material for a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application includes lithium-silicon composite oxide particle. The lithium-silicon composite oxide particles include at least one selected from the group consisting of Li2SiO3 and Li2Si2O5 and have a phase fraction ratio defined by Equation 1 of 1.0 or less. A content of particles having a diameter of less than 3 ?m is 5 vol % or less based on a total volume of the lithium-silicon composite oxide particles.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device capable of improving the performance and/or the reliability of a device. The semiconductor memory device includes a substrate having a cell area and a peripheral area defined along a periphery of the cell area, wherein the cell area includes an active area defined by a cell element separation film, a cell area separation film in the substrate and defining the cell area, and a plurality of storage contacts connected to the active area, and arranged along a first direction. The plurality of storage contacts includes a first storage contact, a second storage contact, and a third storage contact, wherein the second storage contact is between the first storage contact and the third storage contact, each of the first storage contact and the third storage contact contains or surrounds or defines an airgap, and the second storage contact is free of an airgap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating obesity or sarcopenia, containing ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) and, more specifically, to a pharmaceutical composition and a food for preventing or treating obesity or sarcopenia, containing, as an active ingredient, IF1 having an effect of suppressed appetite or effects increased muscle mass and muscle production. According to the present invention, ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) exhibits, in an obesity-induced mouse model, effects of inhibited weight gain and decreased dietary intake without side effects, and exhibits, in obesity-induced or aged mouse, effects of increased muscle mass, increased muscle protein and muscle production, and thus is very useful as an agent for preventing, alleviating or treating metabolic diseases such as obesity, an agent for suppressing appetite and an agent for preventing, alleviating or treating muscle loss-related diseases such as sarcopenia.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an anticancer composition containing IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1). The IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1) according to the present invention has the effect of releasing extracellular ATP, induces cytotoxicity in various cancer cells and exhibits anticancer efficacy, and is thus very useful as an active ingredient of a powerful anticancer agent.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a hydrostatic transmission includes a cooling body to be coupled with a hydrostatic transmission, a sidewall member protruding from the cooling body to surround a cooling flow path which cools a working fluid supplied from the hydrostatic transmission and discharges the working fluid into the hydrostatic transmission or a storage tank, an installing member protruding from the cooling body at a position spaced apart from the sidewall member to be disposed inside the sidewall member, a detour member connected to the installing member and protruding from the cooling body to extend in a first axial direction to allow the working fluid, which flows along the cooling flow path, to make a detour, and a plurality of protruding members protruding from the cooling body to be spaced apart from each of the sidewall member, the installing member, and the detour member in the cooling flow path.

Abstract: Provided is a novel peptide and a cosmetic composition for inhibiting a skin-aging or a skin-wrinkle formation including the same. The peptide has activities for facilitating the bindings between keratinocytes; and increasing the expressions of junction proteins significantly.

Abstract: The place and route stage for a hard macro is modified to assign a more robust power-grid tier to a critical path for a hard macro and to assign a less robust power-grid tier to a remainder of the hard macro.

Abstract: Provided is a novel peptide and a cosmetic composition for inhibiting a skin-aging or a skin-wrinkle formation including the same. The peptide has activities for facilitating the bindings between keratinocytes; and increasing the expressions of junction proteins significantly.

Abstract: Provided is a novel peptide and a cosmetic composition for inhibiting a skin-aging or a skin-wrinkle formation including the same. The peptide has activities for facilitating the bindings between keratinocytes; and increasing the expressions of junction proteins significantly.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a hydrostatic transmission includes a cooling body to be coupled with a hydrostatic transmission, a sidewall member protruding from the cooling body to surround a cooling flow path which cools a working fluid supplied from the hydrostatic transmission and discharges the working fluid into the hydrostatic transmission or a storage tank, an installing member protruding from the cooling body at a position spaced apart from the sidewall member to be disposed inside the sidewall member, a detour member connected to the installing member and protruding from the cooling body to extend in a first axial direction to allow the working fluid, which flows along the cooling flow path, to make a detour, and a plurality of protruding members protruding from the cooling body to be spaced apart from each of the sidewall member, the installing member, and the detour member in the cooling flow path.

Abstract: An X-ray apparatus includes a controller controlling generation of an X-ray and adjusting at least one of a plurality of image frames generated based on the X-ray passed through an object, and an X-ray generator generating the X-ray. The X-ray corresponds to a pulse signal including a plurality of pulses, in which at least one of a pulse rate or a pulse amplitude is variable.

Abstract: Provided herein is a peptide, a cosmetic composition comprising the same, and a method for inhibiting skin-aging or skin-wrinkle formation using the same, the peptide having activities for facilitating the bindings between keratinocytes; and increasing the expressions of junction proteins.

Abstract: Provided is a novel peptide and a cosmetic composition for inhibiting a skin-aging or a skin-wrinkle formation including the same. The peptide has activities for facilitating the bindings between keratinocytes; and increasing the expressions of junction proteins significantly.

Abstract: The place and route stage for a hard macro is modified to assign a more robust power-grid tier to a critical path for a hard macro and to assign a less robust power-grid tier to a remainder of the hard macro.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a valid user input in an electronic device is provided. The electronic device generally includes a touch unit included in a touch input circuit, wherein the touch unit corresponds to a touch area, a signal generator configured to transmit a signal to a first signal line and a second signal line by generating the signal, a signal measuring device configured to measure a part of a modified signal based on the transmitted signal, and a signal determiner configured to determine whether a user input is provided to the touch area based on the measured signal. The first signal line connects the signal generator and the touch unit, and the second signal line extends from the signal generator and is parallel with the first signal line.