Abstract: A method for use in an electronic device having an interface unit, comprising: selecting a first pin set from a plurality of pin sets that are part of the interface unit, wherein the first pin set is associated with a first communication channel; grounding a second pin set in the plurality of pin sets, wherein the second pin set is associated with a second communication channel; and processing a signal for the first pin set.

Abstract: An apparatus including a conductive stack structure includes an Mx layer interconnect on an Mx layer and extending in a first direction on a first track, an My layer interconnect on an My layer in which the My layer is a lower layer than the Mx layer, a first via stack coupled between the Mx layer interconnect and the My layer interconnect, a second via stack coupled between the Mx layer interconnect and the My layer interconnect, a second Mx layer interconnect extending in the first direction on a track immediately adjacent to the first track, and a third Mx layer interconnect extending in the first direction on a track immediately adjacent to the first track. The Mx layer interconnect is between the second Mx layer interconnect and the third Mx layer interconnect. The second Mx layer interconnect and the third Mx layer interconnect are uncoupled to each other.

Abstract: An X-ray apparatus includes a controller controlling generation of an X-ray and adjusting at least one of a plurality of image frames generated based on the X-ray passed through an object, and an X-ray generator generating the X-ray. The X-ray corresponds to a pulse signal including a plurality of pulses, in which at least one of a pulse rate or a pulse amplitude is variable.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray detecting device, an accommodation unit configured to accommodate the X-ray detecting device, and a bucky tray configured to be accommodated in and discharged from the accommodation unit. The bucky tray includes a base and a first plate on which the X-ray detecting device is mounted and which is configured to rotate with respect to the base.

Abstract: A bio-pin is provided. The bio-pin can be used for cell transfer and treatment, cell tracing, and targeting of specific tissues and cells using a peptide-based complex in which a cell-penetrating peptide or a cell-adhesive peptide is bound to one or both ends of a cell membrane protein, and used in a molecular imaging system, a medical appliance, and the like.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal and a method of restricting harmful information thereof are provided. The mobile communication terminal includes a data judgment module which judges whether to restrict digital content by comparing content information included in a packet of the digital content with viewing restriction information; and a control unit which controls whether to display the digital content in accordance with a result of the judgment of the data judgment module. The method includes receiving digital content that is transmitted in a unit of a packet; judging whether viewing of the digital content is permitted by comparing content information included in the packet with viewing restriction information; and preventing a display of the digital content if it is judged that the viewing of the digital content is not permitted.

Abstract: A bio-pin is provided. The bio-pin can be used for cell transfer and treatment, cell tracing, and targeting of specific tissues and cells using a peptide-based complex in which a cell-penetrating peptide or a cell-adhesive peptide is bound to one or both ends of a cell membrane protein, and used in a molecular imaging system, a medical appliance, and the like.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a lower layer, a complex dielectric layer on the lower layer, and an upper layer on the complex dielectric layer. The complex dielectric layer includes an amorphous metal silicate layer and a crystalline metal-based insulating layer thereon. Related fabrication methods are also discussed.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a lower layer, a complex dielectric layer on the lower layer, and an upper layer on the complex dielectric layer. The complex dielectric layer includes an amorphous metal silicate layer and a crystalline metal-based insulating layer thereon. Related fabrication methods are also discussed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmembrane delivery peptide derived from human in which a target protein may be easily delivered into cells, and a recombinant vector comprising a nucleic acid coding the peptide. More specifically, the present invention relates to the transmembrane delivery peptide having an amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID No. 1 including 11 amino acids of specific sites in amino acid sequences of human G protein alpha 12, and a recombinant vector comprising a nucleic acid coding the same, a transformant prepared by introducing said recombinant vector, and the like. Since transmembrane delivery peptides of the present invention can be efficiently delivered into cells, they may be usefully used for the purposes of delivering various target materials, including proteins, nucleic acid, drugs and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmembrane delivery peptide derived from human in which a target protein may be easily delivered into cells, and a recombinant vector comprising a nucleic acid coding the peptide. More specifically, the present invention relates to the transmembrane delivery peptide having an amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID No. 1 including 11 amino acids of specific sites in amino acid sequences of human G protein alpha 12, and a recombinant vector comprising a nucleic acid coding the same, a transformant prepared by introducing said recombinant vector, and the like. Since transmembrane delivery peptides of the present invention can be efficiently delivered into cells, they may be usefully used for the purposes of delivering various target materials, including proteins, nucleic acid, drugs and the like.

Abstract: Provided are flash memory devices. Embodiments of such devices may include a tunnel insulator formed on a substrate, a charge-storage layer formed on the tunnel insulator, a lower buffer layer formed on the charge-storage layer, a blocking layer formed on the lower buffer layer, and a first gate electrode formed on the blocking layer. Such devices may include second gate electrode formed on the first gate electrode, such that the lower buffer layer includes a silicon-free insulator, the blocking layer includes oxides or ternary lanthanum compounds, and the oxides or ternary lanthanum compounds include lanthanide elements.

Abstract: A method for producing biofuel using an electron beam is disclosed. The method for producing biofuel includes: irradiating an electron beam to the vegetable polymer to decompose and sterilize the vegetable polymer, thereby promoting conversion of the vegetable polymer to biomass compared to the traditional methods.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength surface emitting laser for emitting light having different wavelengths includes a lower reflector, an active layer and an upper reflector which are integrally formed above one substrate. The multi-wavelength surface emitting laser is manufactured by forming a first surface emitting laser, partially removing a first upper reflector, a first active layer, and a first lower reflection layer by etching. A protection film is formed on the outer surface of the first surface emitting laser. A second surface emitting laser is formed by removing a second lower reflector, a second active layer, and a second upper reflection layer formed on the protection film by etching. The protection film is removed and first and second upper electrodes are formed on upper surfaces of the first and second upper reflection layers, respectively, and a lower electrode is formed on a bottom surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal and a method of restricting harmful information thereof are provided. The mobile communication terminal includes a data judgment module which judges whether to restrict digital content by comparing content information included in a packet of the digital content with viewing restriction information; and a control unit which controls whether to display the digital content in accordance with a result of the judgment of the data judgment module. The method includes receiving digital content that is transmitted in a unit of a packet; judging whether viewing of the digital content is permitted by comparing content information included in the packet with viewing restriction information; and preventing a display of the digital content if it is judged that the viewing of the digital content is not permitted.

Abstract: A video apparatus having variable OSD (on-screen display) graphic data and a method therefor. The video apparatus receives or downloads OSD graphic data from an external OSD graphic data source, to enable a user to alter the OSD display data without having to store a large number of different types of OSD display data. The video apparatus may be a television receiver set, a web television receiver set, a web video camera or some other video appliance.

Abstract: A traffic measurement system and a traffic analysis method are provided. The traffic measurement system includes a plurality of measurement devices that collect all of packets flowing through Internet links, extract traffic data required to analyze traffic from the collected packets, and process the extracted data into predetermined flow types, and an analysis server that identifies applications of traffic by analyzing the traffic data transferred from the plurality of measurement devices as a whole, classifies the identified applications into predetermined traffic types, and outputs the classification result. The traffic measurement system measures the traffics in the Internet network and processes the measured traffics to generate detailed traffic statistical data according to applications.

Abstract: Provided is a flow generation method for Internet traffic measurement. In the flow generation method, dependency between packet collecting time and flow generating time is removed using a virtual timer and a flow generation completion processing interval is controlled to skip by a unit time in response to a user's request. Also, a fragmented packet processing method is selectively used at need and a FIN timeout is applied selectively to a timeout mechanism used in flow generation completion. Thereby, this invention can improve accuracy and efficiency of Internet traffic measurement.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength surface emitting laser for emitting light having different wavelengths includes a lower reflector, an active layer and an upper reflector which are integrally formed above one substrate. The multi-wavelength surface emitting laser is manufactured by forming a first surface emitting laser, partially removing a first upper reflector, a first active layer, and a first lower reflection layer by etching. A protection film is formed on the outer surface of the first surface emitting laser. A second surface emitting laser is formed by removing a second lower reflector, a second active layer, and a second upper reflection layer formed on the protection film by etching. The protection film is removed and first and second upper electrodes are formed on upper surfaces of the first and second upper reflection layers, respectively, and a lower electrode is formed on a bottom surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength surface emitting laser for emitting light having different wavelengths includes a lower reflector, an active layer and an upper reflector which are integrally formed above one substrate. The multi-wavelength surface emitting laser is manufactured by forming a first surface emitting laser, partially removing a first upper reflector, a first active layer, and a first lower reflection layer by etching. A protection film is formed on the outer surface of the first surface emitting laser. A second surface emitting laser is formed by removing a second lower reflector, a second active layer, and a second upper reflection layer formed on the protection film by etching. The protection film is removed and first and second upper electrodes are formed on upper surfaces of the first and second upper reflection layers, respectively, and a lower electrode is formed on a bottom surface of the substrate.