Abstract: An electro-power impact cell used in blasting works includes a first electrode to which a high voltage is applied, the first electrode having a plurality of conductive piece between which nonconductive pieces are disposed so that when the high voltage is applied to the first electrode, arc occur at the nonconductive piece; a second electrode spaced away from the first electrode; and a closed-cartridge enclosing the first and second electrodes while containing electrolyte.

Abstract: A pulse power system includes an energy storing device for storing electric energy; a high power arc switch comprising: a cylindrical housing having a central axis and defining a predetermined discharging region; a first electrode disposed within the cylindrical housing to be movable in a direction of the central axis; a second electrode disposed within the cylindrical housing and spaced away from the first electrode at a predetermined distance, an arc generating between the first and second electrodes as the first electrode approaches the second electrode; an insulating member formed at a portion between the first and second electrodes except for the discharging region; and a solenoid coil for forming a magnetic field within the discharging region in a direction of the central axis, the arc formed between the first and second electrodes being spirally moved in a direction of the central axis by a magnetic field formed in a circular direction by the arc and the magnetic field formed by the solenoid coil in th

Abstract: A video apparatus having variable OSD (on-screen display) graphic data and a method therefor. The video apparatus receives or downloads OSD graphic data from an external OSD graphic data source, to enable a user to alter the OSD display data without having to store a large number of different types of OSD display data. The video apparatus may be a television receiver set, a web television receiver set, a web video camera or some other video appliance.

Abstract: A multi-wavelength surface emitting laser for emitting light having different wavelengths includes a lower reflector, an active layer and an upper reflector which are integrally formed above one substrate. The multi-wavelength surface emitting laser is manufactured by forming a first surface emitting laser, partially removing a first upper reflector, a first active layer, and a first lower reflection layer by etching. A protection film is formed on the outer surface of the first surface emitting laser. A second surface emitting laser is formed by removing a second lower reflector, a second active layer, and a second upper reflection layer formed on the protection film by etching. The protection film is removed and first and second upper electrodes are formed on upper surfaces of the first and second upper reflection layers, respectively, and a lower electrode is formed on a bottom surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An industrial X-ray/electron beam source includes an accelerator having a) a coaxial cavity b) an electron gun for emitting an electron beam to be accelerated, c) at least one deflection magnet positioned outside of the cavity, and d) a radio frequency power supply means for supplying power of a radio frequency to the cavity to induce TM010 mode as an accelerating mode in the cavity; and a beam irradiator having a two-dimensional scanning magnet which deflects accelerated beam by the accelerator, an extracting window for extracting the deflected electron beam to be irradiated to an object, and means for guiding the deflected beam toward a center of the extracting window in a radial direction. The source is advantageous in that the electron beams do not intersect inside the cavity, which can reduce beam loss, and that beams or X-rays are irradiated to the object spatially uniformly.

Abstract: The plasma torch has a cathode supporter having a front end and a rear end, mounted on the body at the rear end thereof; a button-cathode for generating plasma arc, which is assembled to the front end of the cathode supporter; a hollow-cathode having an inner surface and an outer surface, surrounding the button-cathode, the inner surface of which is spaced from the button-cathode, being assembled to the cathode supporter, and being made of material with higher work function than material for the button-cathode. The plasma gas flows along the outer surface to accomplish low gas pressure between the inner surface of the hollow-cathode and the button-cathode. A multiple-solenoid coil is adapted to rotate arc root around the button-cathode and to move arc root axially along the surface of the button-cathode.

Abstract: A multi-cathode electron beam plasma etcher is disclosed. The multi-cathode electron beam plasma etcher is comprised of: a vacuum chamber; several cathodes which are installed in the upper end of the upper part of the chamber and generates an electron beam in order to generate plasma in a large area; an acceleration electrode and a deceleration electrode which, form an acceleration and a deceleration tube structure in order to withdraw much of the electron beam, are arranged sequentially from the front of the cathode, and form an electrostatic lens when the differential voltage is applied respectively; first vacuum evacuation device to made the upper part of the chamber vacuum; an etching gas injection device which is installed in the side wall around the upper end of the lower part of the chamber; second vacuum evacuation device which is installed in the lower part of the chamber; and a holder of the etched body which is installed in the lower part of the chamber.

Abstract: A phase modulator that generates four different kinds of phases according to input data, using a counter and an adder. There is provided a phase modulator with a serial-to-parallel data converter for converting serial data into two parallel data which are reduced by half of the clock velocity; and a digital phase signal generator for generating digital signals having a phase difference, using a counter and an adder. In this manner, the digital signals have digital values similar to sine waves having a phase difference.