Abstract: The method of recording data in a copy protected manner on an optical disk modifies at least a first signal in a data such that the modified first signal is reproduced as one of a plurality of target signals prior to error correction decoding. The method also includes error correction encoding the data prior to the modifying such that the reproduced target signals remain unchanged after error correction decoding. And, the modified encoded data is written on an optical storage medium.

Abstract: Methods for delivering a beam in a wafer edge exposure process include (a) generating a laser beam; (b) dividing the laser beam into a plurality of wafer processing laser beams; and (c) delivering ones of the plurality of wafer processing laser beams onto edge portions of a plurality of wafers.

Abstract: A photomask for use in photolithography has substrate, a main pattern at one side of the substrate, and a transparency-adjusting layer at the other side of the substrate. The transparency-adjusting layer has a characteristic that allows it to change the intensity of the illumination incident on the main pattern during the exposure process accordingly. In manufacturing the photomask, a first exposure process is carried out on a wafer using just the substrate and main pattern. The critical dimensions of elements of the pattern formed on the wafer as a result of the first exposure process are measured. Differences between these critical dimensions and a reference critical dimension are then used in designing a layout of the transparency-adjusting layer in which the characteristic of the layer is varied to compensate for such differences.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical disk having data duplication prevention function, a method of authenticating such optical disk, and a method of fabricating such optical disk discriminated from a duplicated disk. For the optical disk, a prescribed field of subcode data, which is obtained from data recorded in a program area, is set to a value in such a manner that the value is different from that in the corresponding field of table-of-content data which is recorded in a lead-in area. Or reproduction control information associated with data recorded in a prescribed region in the program area is recorded in the reverse order. Depending on the existence of these unusual data patterns, the optical disk is judged as a legitimate production or an illegal production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical disk having data duplication prevention function, a method of authenticating such optical disk, and a method of fabricating such optical disk discriminated from a duplicated disk. For the optical disk, a prescribed field of subcode data, which is obtained from data recorded in a program area, is set to a value in such a manner that the value is different from that in the corresponding field of table-of-content data which is recorded in a lead-in area. Or reproduction control information associated with data recorded in a prescribed region in the program area is recorded in the reverse order. Depending on the existence of these unusual data patterns, the optical disk is judged as a legitimate production or an illegal production.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium, and a method and apparatus for writing to/reading from a recording medium in which a starting point of a spare area is variable relative to a starting point of a data area. Information concerning a variable boundary between the data area and the spare area is stored on the recording medium. A method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the recording medium is also provided. In a preferred embodiment, the recording medium is an optical disc.

Abstract: Multilayer alignment keys in an integrated structure and a method of aligning using the keys are provided. Alignment keys are formed on a semiconductor substrate in a multilayer structure. The length of the alignment key in one layer can be different from that of the alignment key in underlying and/or overlying layer. Alternatively, the number of alignment keys can be different in each layer. Thus alignment weight can be imposed differently on each layer, thereby increasing alignment accuracy.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for manufacturing an optical recording medium in which ratios of spare areas to data areas differ from one zone to another, and which has information concerning the unequal or non-uniform boundaries between the data areas and the spare areas, and a method and apparatus for writing/reproducing data to/from the optical recording medium. The apparatus for manufacturing the optical recording medium comprises a ratio setting unit for keeping each zone's ratio of spare area to data area, which depends on the relative location of the zone on the optical recording medium; a laser beam generator for generating a laser beam; a beam permeating unit for selectively controlling transmission of the laser beam; a pickup location detector for detecting a focused position of the transmitted beam onto the optical recording medium; and an optical transmission controller for controlling the transmission of the laser beam which passes through the optical transmitting unit.

Abstract: A disk medium and a method of manufacturing the disk medium are disclosed. The disk medium includes a first disk member having a penetrating hole, and a second disk member having a projecting portion, wherein the projecting portion is placed within the penetrating hole of the first disk member to form the optical medium. The method includes forming a first disk member having a penetrating hole, forming a second disk member having a projecting portion, and positioning the projecting portion of the second disk member within the penetrating hole of the first disk member, whereby the first and disk members are combined to form an optical medium.

Abstract: A cartridge for reducing air resistance therein which is induced by the rotation of a disc-shaped storage medium housed in the cartridge. Air resistance is reduced by forming holes and/or grooves on a housing case through which air flows in and out spontaneously.

Abstract: A disk medium and a method of manufacturing the disk medium are disclosed. The disk medium includes a first disk member having a penetrating hole, and a second disk member having a projecting portion, wherein the projecting portion is placed within the penetrating hole of the first disk member to form the optical medium. The method includes forming a first disk member having a penetrating hole, forming a second disk member having a projecting portion, and positioning the projecting portion of the second disk member within the penetrating hole of the first disk member, whereby the first and disk members are combined to form an optical medium.

Abstract: Multilayer alignment keys in an integrated structure and a method of aligning using the keys are provided. Alignment keys are formed on a semiconductor substrate in a multilayer structure. The length of the alignment key in one layer can be different from that of the alignment key in underlying and/or overlying layer. Alternatively, the number of alignment keys can be different in each layer. Thus alignment weight can be imposed differently on each layer, thereby increasing alignment accuracy.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anti-reflective layer comprises the steps of coating a polymer solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phenol-based resins, water-soluble resins and acryl resins as a main component, and then baking at a high temperature. The method is simplified and the layer's reflectance is greatly enhanced.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anti-reflective layer comprises the steps of coating a polymer solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phenol-based resins, water-soluble resins and acryl resins as a main component, and then baking at a high temperature. The method is simplified and the layer's reflectance is greatly enhanced.