Abstract: Methods, systems, and media for presenting offset content are provided.

Abstract: A search method using an artificial intelligence based information retrieval model and a method for training the artificial intelligence based information retrieval model used for the method are provided. In the method, even if there is no labeled data and only a corpus exists, the artificial intelligence based information retrieval model can be trained using the weak-supervision methodology. Search can be performed by dividing documents into passages having short lengths. Compared to an information retrieval model based on unsupervised learning, improved search results are provided.

Abstract: A method of programming a non-volatile memory includes executing at least two program loops on memory cells in a selected word line, generating a fail bit trend based on a result of executing each of the at least two program loops, predicting a plurality of program loops comprising an N program loop to be executed last on the memory cells, based on the generated fail bit trend, and changing, based on a result of predicting the plurality of program loops, a level of an N program voltage provided to the memory cells when the N program loop is executed.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a vertical semiconductor device, an insulation layer and a sacrificial layer are alternatively and repeatedly formed on a substrate to define a structure. The structure is etched to form a hole therethrough that exposes the substrate. A first semiconductor pattern is formed in a lower portion of the hole, and a blocking pattern, a charge storage pattern, a tunnel insulation pattern and a first channel pattern are formed on a sidewall of the hole. A second channel pattern is formed on the first channel pattern and the semiconductor pattern, and a second semiconductor pattern is formed on a portion of the second channel pattern on the semiconductor pattern to define an upper channel pattern including the second channel pattern and the second semiconductor pattern. The sacrificial layers are replaced with a plurality of gates, respectively, including a conductive material.

Abstract: A vertical memory device includes a substrate, a plurality of channels extending in a first direction substantially vertical to a top surface of the substrate, a plurality of gate lines surrounding a predetermined number of channels from among the channels, a plurality of common wirings electrically connected to the gate lines, and a plurality of signal wirings electrically connected to the gate lines via the common wirings. The gate lines are arranged and spaced apart from one another along the first direction. Each common wiring is electrically connected to a corresponding gate line at a same level of the corresponding gate line via a corresponding contact.

Abstract: Disclosed is a terminal device which can be connected with a robot cleaner. The terminal device includes: a storage for storing spatial information partitioned into a plurality of spaces; a communication interface for receiving, from the robot cleaner, cleaning result information including a cleaning path; a display unit for displaying the cleaning result information; and a processor for controlling the display unit such that a cleaning area of the robot cleaner for each of the plurality of spaces is displayed on the basis of the received cleaning result information and the stored spatial information.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), both having a reduced expression level of HLA, which is a cause of immune rejection upon transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs, a method of preparing mesenchynmal stem cells (MSCs) by using a novel differentiation method of iPSCs, and a cell therapy product using the iPSCs, ESCs, and/or MSCs. The HLA gene-deleted MSCs prepared in the present invention may be used to prepare various types of cells that do not cause immune rejection, and may be used for therapeutic purposes in the future.

Abstract: Provided are a fusion protein having a CCL3 variant with improved in vivo persistency, protein stability and pharmacological activity and a use thereof, more particularly, a fusion protein comprising a CCL3 variant and an immunoglobulin Fc region and a use thereof as a therapeutic agent for lymphopenia, cancer or infection, in which an N-terminal amino acid of a wild-type CCL3? or CCL3? is deleted and an amino acid at a specific position is substituted with a different amino acid at the same position of the wild-type CCL3? or CCL3? in the CCL3 variant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a lead-free radiation shielding sheet with excellent shielding performance not only in a high energy (100 kVp) band but also in a low energy (50 to 80 kVp) band and improved durability of the sheet. bands without containing lead. The radiation shielding sheet of the present invention uses antimony (Sb), which has a high shielding rate even in the low energy band instead of lowering the content of tungsten having a relatively lower shielding rate in the low energy band than in the high energy band, thereby increasing the shielding performance in both high energy (100 kVp) and low energy bands. Further, the radiation shielding sheet of the present invention may increase not only durability, but also elasticity, tearing strength, and tensile strength by mixing additives such as zinc oxide with the rubber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-platinum catalyst for an oxygen reduction electrode, in which iron nanoparticles are dispersed in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanofibers, and the surfaces of the iron nanoparticles are at least partially exposed to the outside. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for producing a non-platinum catalyst for an oxygen reduction electrode using electrospinning and hydrogen activation reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode active material, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. A method for producing carbide using bean curd or waste bean curd according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: drying bean curd or waste bean curd; thermally treating the dried bean curd or waste bean curd under an air atmosphere; and carbonizing the thermally treated bean curd or waste bean curd under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: An illegal call detection apparatus comprises a data collecting unit, a preprocessing unit, and a learning unit. The data collecting unit collects, from at least one of a subscriber terminal or a call exchanger, a raw packet generated by the subscriber terminal using a VoIP service, and collects, from the billing server, CDR data related to the raw packet. The preprocessing unit generates learning data by using service usage information extracted from the CDR data and service detailed information extracted from the raw packet, and generates a training image by converting the training data into an image according to a predetermined imaging rule. The learning unit extracts at least one or more features from the training image, and learns whether the training image is related to an illegal call by using the features, through an illegal call detection model.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tandem solar cell according to an aspect including: a silicon lower cell; a perovskite upper cell disposed on the silicon lower cell; and a bonding layer for bonding the silicon lower cell and the perovskite upper cell between the silicon lower cell and the perovskite upper cell, wherein the front surface portion of the silicon lower cell being in contact with the bonding layer includes a texture structure, the bonding layer includes a first transparent electrode layer formed on the sidewall of the texture structure, a buried layer filling concave portions of the texture structure on the first transparent electrode layer, and a second transparent electrode layer on top surfaces of the buried layer, the first transparent electrode layer and the texture structure.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating article according to an embodiment may include a medium portion, a front end plug disposed to face an upstream end of the medium portion, and a filter portion disposed to face a downstream end of the medium portion, wherein the front end plug includes a channel extending from the upstream end to the downstream end.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate including a sensor array area, a pad area, and a circuit area, a wiring layer on the pad area, and a light-shielding pattern on the sensor array area. The sensor array area includes a first area including active pixels and a second area including optical back pixels. The wiring layer is apart from the substrate by a first distance on the pad area. The light-shielding pattern includes a first portion spaced apart from the substrate by a second distance less than the first distance, a second portion disposed between the first portion and the wiring layer and extending on the same level as the wiring layer, and a third portion disposed between the first portion and the second portion and integrally formed with the first portion and the second portion.

Abstract: Provided is a method of providing a recommended card, the method including: receiving a radio signal from at least one access point around a device; selecting one from the at least one access point, based on a strength of the received radio signal; determining a card merchant corresponding to the selected access point; determining at least one recommended card regarding the determined card merchant from at least one card registered with the device, based on the card merchant and card benefit information of the registered at least one card; and providing the at least one recommended card.

Abstract: An example of the present invention provides a quantum rod layer including: a photo-induced polymer including a base polymer aligned along a first direction and a photo-reactive group combined to the base polymer; and a quantum rod aligned along the first direction.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a vertical semiconductor device, an insulation layer and a sacrificial layer are alternatively and repeatedly formed on a substrate to define a structure. The structure is etched to form a hole therethrough that exposes the substrate. A first semiconductor pattern is formed in a lower portion of the hole, and a blocking pattern, a charge storage pattern, a tunnel insulation pattern and a first channel pattern are formed on a sidewall of the hole. A second channel pattern is formed on the first channel pattern and the semiconductor pattern, and a second semiconductor pattern is formed on a portion of the second channel pattern on the semiconductor pattern to define an upper channel pattern including the second channel pattern and the second semiconductor pattern. The sacrificial layers are replaced with a plurality of gates, respectively, including a conductive material.

Abstract: An Internet-of-things (IoT)-based impact pattern analysis system for a smart security window includes: an ultra-small IoT device attached to a security window and detecting an impact; a station processing a signal obtained from the ultra-small IoT device and analyzing an impact pattern; and a user terminal outputting information related to the impact pattern through an interface. The station controller processes 3-axis acceleration data to extract a feature vector and determines an impact pattern by applying a learning model. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by automatically determining whether an intrusion occurs by analyzing impact patterns according to various conditions and circumstances, malfunction based on an impact other than an intrusion may be reduced and an unnecessary alarm may be prevented.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate including a sensor array area, a pad area, and a circuit area, a wiring layer on the pad area, and a light-shielding pattern on the sensor array area. The sensor array area includes a first area including active pixels and a second area including optical back pixels. The wiring layer is apart from the substrate by a first distance on the pad area. The light-shielding pattern includes a first portion spaced apart from the substrate by a second distance less than the first distance, a second portion disposed between the first portion and the wiring layer and extending on the same level as the wiring layer, and a third portion disposed between the first portion and the second portion and integrally formed with the first portion and the second portion.