Abstract: A capsule and methodology for dispensing a medicament in the gastrointestinal tract of a mammal is disclosed, the gastrointestinal tract having tissue sites of interest. The capsule may include a medicament reservoir; medicament dispensing means such as a plurality of piezoelectric droplet jet nozzle dispensers; a power source; electronic control circuitry means and/or detecting means capable of communicating with a medicament dispensing means for regulating the amount and time interval for dispensing of the medicament into the gastrointestinal tract by the medicament dispensing means; and a non-digestible outer protective shell housing, e.g., the medicament reservoir, medicament dispensing means and electronic control circuitry means.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus is disclosed that includes a support structure configured to hold an imprint template. The apparatus further includes an actuator located between the support structure and a side of the imprint template, when the imprint template is held by the support structure, configured to apply a force to the imprint template and a force sensor between the support structure and a side of the imprint template, when the imprint template is held by the support structure.

Abstract: A method is disclosed involving depositing a neutral orientation template layer onto a substrate after formation of chemical epitaxy or graphoepitaxy features on the substrate, but before deposition and orientation of a self-assemblable polymer. The orientation layer is arranged to bond with the substrate but not with certain features, so that it may be easily removed by vacuum or rinsing with organic solvent. The neutral orientation layer has a chemical affinity to match that of blocks in the self-assemblable polymer so that blocks of differing types wet the neutral orientation layer so that domains in the self-assembled polymer may lie side by side along the substrate surface, with interfaces normal to the substrate surface. The resulting aligned and oriented self-assembled polymer may itself be used as a resist for device lithography of the substrate.

Abstract: A drug delivery device (50) is provided comprising a drug reservoir (10) and a piston (11). The drug reservoir (10) is provided for comprising a drug and comprises a flexible wall (22) and a dispensing hole (15) for dispensing the drug into an environment of the drug de delivery device (50). The piston (11) is provide for pressing against the flexible wall (22) to compress the drug reservoir (10) for pushing an amount of the drug through the dispensing hole (15). An adhesion interface (51) between a surface of the piston (11) and the flexible wall (22) prevents sliding between the surface of the piston (11) and the flexible wall (22).

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus having a first frame to be mounted on a floor, a second frame mounted on the first frame via a kinematic coupling, an alignment sensor mounted on the second frame, to align an imprint lithography template arrangement with a target portion of a substrate, and a position sensor to measure a position of the imprint lithography template arrangement and/or a substrate stage relative to the second frame.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus has a substrate table configured to support a lithographic substrate and a plurality of nozzles arranged to eject fluid onto the lithographic substrate, the plurality of nozzles extending over a distance which is substantially equal to or greater than a width of the substrate, wherein the nozzles, the lithographic substrate, or both, are moveable relative to the other.

Abstract: An imprintable medium dispenser includes a chamber, a nozzle, and an actuator connected to the chamber and configured to be actuated and thereby generate a pressure wave within the chamber such that imprintable medium is dispensed from the nozzle. The imprintable medium dispenser is provided with a control circuit which includes a monitoring apparatus configured to receive a transient oscillation signal generated when the actuator is actuated, and to monitor the operation of the imprintable medium dispenser by monitoring the transient oscillation signal.

Abstract: A method of lithography on a substrate uses a self-assembled polymer (SAP) layer deposited on the substrate, with first and second domains arranged in a pattern across the layer. A planarization layer is formed over the SAP and a development etch applied to substantially remove a portion of the planarization layer over the second domain leaving a cap of the planarization layer substantially covering the first domain. The uncapped second domain is then removed from the surface by a breakthrough etch leaving the capped first domain as a pattern feature on the surface. A transfer etch may then be used to transfer the pattern feature to the substrate using the capped first domain. The capping allows the second domain to be removed, e.g., without excessive loss of lateral feature width for the remaining first domain, even when the difference in etch resistance between the first and second domains is small.

Abstract: An imprint lithography method is disclosed for reducing a difference between an intended topography and an actual topography arising from a part of a patterned layer of fixed imprintable medium. The method involves imprinting an imprint lithography template into a layer of flowable imprintable medium to form a patterned layer in the imprintable medium, and fixing the imprintable medium to form a patterned layer of fixed imprintable medium. Local excitation is applied to the part of the patterned layer to adjust a chemical reaction in the part of the patterned layer to reduce the difference between the intended topography and the actual topography arising from the part of the fixed patterned layer of imprintable medium when this is subsequently used as a resist for patterning the substrate. An imprint medium suitable for imprint lithography with the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiation source comprises a reservoir, a nozzle, a laser, and a positive lens. The reservoir is configured to retain a volume of fuel. The nozzle, in fluid connection with the reservoir, is configured to direct a stream of fuel along a trajectory towards a plasma formation location. The laser configured to direct laser radiation at the stream at the plasma formation location to generate, in use, a radiation generating plasma. The positive lens arrangement configured to focus an at least potential spread of trajectories of the stream of fuel toward the plasma formation location, the lens comprising an electric field generating element and/or a magnetic field generating element.

Abstract: An electronic capsule (200) features a reservoir (204), and is configured for placement within a reproductive organ, such as the uterus or cervix. While located therein, the capsule dispenses (208), from the reservoir, a substance, such as a reproductive hormone, semen, acidic buffer, fertility drug or other drug, effectively administered from within the organ. In some embodiments, the capsule has on-board sensors (238, 244) and control circuitry in wireless communication with an external processor functioning automatically or guided by a clinician or user, for decisions and timing in administering the sub stance.

Abstract: A method of making an imprint template includes providing a transfer layer on a substrate and providing a layer of imprintable medium on the transfer layer, using a master imprint template to imprint a pattern into the imprintable medium, polymerizing the imprintable medium by exposing it to actinic radiation, then etching the resulting polymer layer, the transfer layer and the substrate such that the imprinted pattern is transferred to the substrate, the substrate thereby becoming an imprint template bearing a pattern which is the inverse of a pattern provided on the master imprint template.

Abstract: A chuck apparatus for holding a substrate is the disclosed. The chuck apparatus includes a first surface portion on which the substrate is to be held and a second surface portion adjacent to the first surface portion and extending at least partially around an edge of the first surface portion and which, in use, is arranged to deflect gas over the first surface portion and thus the substrate that is to be held on the first surface portion.

Abstract: A drug delivery device (10) comprising a drug reservoir (13), at least one dispensing hole (14), an actuator system (17) and an exit path (15). The drug reservoir (13) is provided for comprising a drug. The dispensing hole (14) delivers the drug to an environment of the drug delivery device (10) when the actuator system (17) pushes the drug from the drug reservoir (13) through the dispensing hole (14). The exit path (15) couples the drug reservoir (13) to the dispensing hole (14). The exit path (15) comprises at least one entry point (16) for coupling the exit path (15) to the drug reservoir (13) and is arranged in such a way that for any possible orientation of the drug delivery device (10) at least a part of the exit path (15) is situated above the gravity center of said drug reservoir or below the dispensing hole (14).

Abstract: An ingestible capsule (10) is provided for delivery of a drug, the capsule (10) comprises a first module (11) and a second module (12). The first module (11) has at least one drug compartment (13) for comprising an amount of the drug. The drug compartment (13) is sealed by a foil (14) with an embedded conducting heating wire (15). The second (12) module comprises electronics (18) for providing an electrical pulse to the heating wire (15) in order to open the drug compartment (13) by melting the foil (14). The first module (11) and second module (12) comprise interoperable connection means (19) for securing the first module (11) to the second module (12) such that the heating wire (15) is electronically coupled to the electronics (18).

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus is disclosed that has a first array of template holders, a second array of template holders, and a substrate table arranged to support a substrate to be imprinted, wherein the first array of template holders is arranged to hold an array of imprint templates that can be used to imprint a first array of patterns onto the substrate, and the second array of template holders is arranged hold an array of imprint templates that can be used to imprint a second array of patterns onto the substrate, the patterns imprinted by the second array being interspersed between the patterns imprinted by the first array.

Abstract: A chuck apparatus for holding a substrate is the disclosed. The chuck apparatus includes a first surface portion on which the substrate is to be held and a second surface portion adjacent to the first surface portion and extending at least partially around an edge of the first surface portion and which, in use, is arranged to deflect gas over the first surface portion and thus the substrate that is to be held on the first surface portion.

Abstract: A method of aligning a template and a substrate for imprint lithography involves using a mask pattern of the template and a luminescent marker pattern of the substrate, the method including aligning the template mask pattern and the substrate marker pattern using a radiation intensity measurement of radiation emitted by the luminescent marker pattern and having passed the template mask pattern. The mask pattern and the luminescent marker pattern may each be shaped to provide a turning point in the intensity of detected radiation emitted from the marker pattern, and passing through the mask pattern to a detector, as a function of relative displacement at the aligned position. The displacement of the template and substrate may be aligned by identifying the turning point in radiation intensity. The marker pattern may be fluorescent with the emitted radiation excited by a radiation source.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus is disclosed that has a first array of template holders, a second array of template holders, and a substrate table arranged to support a substrate to be imprinted, wherein the first array of template holders is arranged to hold an array of imprint templates that can be used to imprint a first array of patterns onto the substrate, and the second array of template holders is arranged hold an array of imprint templates that can be used to imprint a second array of patterns onto the substrate, the patterns imprinted by the second array being interspersed between the patterns imprinted by the first array.

Abstract: An imprintable medium dispenser includes a chamber, a nozzle, and an actuator connected to the chamber and configured to be actuated and thereby generate a pressure wave within the chamber such that imprintable medium is dispensed from the nozzle. The imprintable medium dispenser is provided with a control circuit which includes a monitoring apparatus configured to receive a transient oscillation signal generated when the actuator is actuated, and to monitor the operation of the imprintable medium dispenser by monitoring the transient oscillation signal.