Abstract: An engine controlling apparatus includes an engine speed detection unit that detects an engine speed, and an acceleration operation amount detection unit that detects an acceleration operation amount inputted to an acceleration pedal. The apparatus includes a first calculation unit that calculates an acceleration demand torque based on the engine speed and the acceleration operation amount, a second calculation unit that calculates an external demand torque demanded from an external controlling system, and a third calculation unit that calculates a first target torque and a second target torque based on the acceleration demand torque and the external demand torque. The apparatus includes a fourth calculation unit that calculates a maximum torque which can be generated by the engine at an actual charging efficiency, and a control unit that controls an ignition timing of the engine based on the actual torque and the first target torque.

Abstract: An engine controlling apparatus includes an idle speed setting unit that sets a target idle speed upon idling of an engine mounted on a vehicle, and a target torque setting unit that sets a target torque in response to the target idle speed. The apparatus further includes an ignition timing controlling unit that controls an ignition timing and an intake air amount controlling unit that controls an intake air amount, and a steering angle detection unit that detects a steering angle. The apparatus further includes a torque value setting unit that sets a torque value in response to the steering angle. The intake air amount controlling unit controls the intake air amount in response to both the target torque and the torque value. The ignition timing controlling unit controls the ignition timing so that the engine outputs the target torque.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a substrate container holding shelf comprising a plurality of shelf boards configured to hold substrate containers thereon; a substrate container carrying mechanism configured to load and unload the substrate containers into/from the substrate container holding shelf; a substrate container holding shelf elevation mechanism configured to lift each of the plurality of the shelf boards of the substrate container holding shelf in a vertical direction; and a processing unit configured to receive at least one of the substrate containers from the substrate container holding shelf.

Abstract: An output control device of a vehicle is provided. A flow speed ratio calculator obtains a flow speed ratio which is a ratio between a flow speed of an intake air of the internal combustion engine realizing a current base request torque which is currently calculated and a flow speed of the intake air of the internal combustion engine realizing a previous request torque which is previously calculated. A base request torque corrector corrects the base request torque based on the flow speed ratio. A controller controls a driving parameter of the internal combustion engine according to the current request torque which is currently calculated based on the current base request torque corrected by the base request torque corrector.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a reactor; at least two boat conveying devices configured to convey at least two boats; at least one boat support table configured to support the at least two boats, the boat support table being movable to a position below the reactor; and a control unit configured to control the boat conveying devices such that when a first boat of the at least two boats supported by a first boat conveying device of the plurality of boat conveying devices holds a processed substrate processed by the reactor and is moved back to a position spaced apart from the reactor, a second boat of the at least two boats holding an unprocessed substrate is loaded into the reactor using a second boat conveying device of the at least two boat conveying devices.

Abstract: Provided is a toner containing toner particles containing a polyester resin which has a structure part represented by Formula (1): wherein, “A” represents a polyester structure unit having at least one linking group; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, or a chlorine atom; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, or a methoxy group; and “L” represents a divalent organic group.

Abstract: A hydrophobilization method is disclosed, comprising subjecting particles to a hydrophobilizing treatment in an aqueous medium with a hydrophobilizing agent to hydrophobilize surfaces of the particles, wherein the surfaces of the particles are hydrophobilized with the hydrophobilizing agent in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images, including a binder resin, and a colorant, wherein the binder resin includes an amorphous resin obtained from a radical polymerizable monomer unit containing a styrene type monomer and a (meth)acrylic ester type monomer and a crystalline resin, and a ratio (Q2/Q1) is 0.85 or more, where Q1 represents an amount of absorbed heat based on an endothermic peak derived from the crystalline resin in a first temperature rising process from 0° C. to 200° C. in measurement with a differential scanning calorimeter, and Q2 represents an amount of absorbed heat based on an endothermic peak derived from the crystalline resin in a second temperature rising process from 0° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: A production method of a toner for developing an electrostatic image composed of toner parent particles and external additives adhered to a surface the toner parent particles is disclosed. The method includes steps of preparing toner parent particles dispersion liquid in which toner parent particles are dispersed in a medium, first mixing the dispersion liquid with a quaternary ammonium salt compound and a water soluble organic solvent to prepare liquid mixture, and second mixing the liquid mixture with external additive dispersion liquid in which negative charged external additives are dispersed.

Abstract: A method of producing a water dispersion of polyester resin particles containing the steps of: emulsifying and dispersing at least a diol, a dicarboxylic acid and at least one polycondensation catalyst selected from a surfactant catalyst and a rare earth metal catalyst in water to form an emulsified dispersion liquid; and irradiating the emulsified dispersion liquid with a microwave to conduct a polycondensation reaction, whereby polyester resin particles are produced.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development is disclosed comprising colored particles containing a binder resin and a colorant and external-additive particles attached to the surfaces of the colored particles, wherein the external-additive particles comprise resin particles covered with an inorganic layer, and the resin particles are bound to the inorganic layer by a siloxane bond. A preparation method of the toner is also disclosed.

Abstract: A toner for an electrophotography and its manufacturing method are disclosed. The toner comprises toner particles containing a cross-linked polymer having two-valent crosslinking group represented by Formula (1), wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a chlorine atom, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom or a methoxy group. The toner satisfies storage durability against heat as well as sufficient low temperature fixing ability.

Abstract: Silicon carbide-based fine particles containing an electrically conducting inorganic substance and a electromagnetic wave absorbing material, which are fine particles comprising a particle inner portion of a silicon carbide-based material and a surface layer formed of an electrically conducting inorganic substance mainly comprising carbon, wherein a gradient layer with the compositional ratio of the electrically conducting inorganic substance gradiently increasing toward the particle surface is present and the thickness of the electrically conducting inorganic substance gradient layer is from 1 to 500 nm. The electromagnetic wave absorbing material of the present invention can selectively absorb a electromagnetic wave of 1 to 300 GHz in a wide band.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image data processing method capable of reducing visual discomfort perceived by users in the recovery from a receive error in a receiver. According to the image data processing method, in recovery processing of a video motion damper system in an image data processing circuit, a frequency of occurrence of the receive error before and after the time of recovery from the receive error is judged. According to the judgment result, the time period for switching of the output tap in recovery processing is adjusted. When the frequency of occurrence of the receive error is high, the recovery processing is halted until the selected tap position during the recovery is returned to the output tape position of the first FIFO of a frame memory.

Abstract: The data error correcting device is provided with: a error correction means which performs an error correction process on a time-series of bits of input data, and produces corrected data and parameters showing an error sensing status at the time of correction; an estimated data producing means which responds to an instruction for data estimation, and produces estimated data configured of a time-series of bits resulting from adjustment of a time-series of bits of input data; and a control means which produces a data estimation instruction based on information included in the corrected data and parameters, and supplies the estimated data to the error correction means instead of the input data.

Abstract: The sizes required for maintenance are reduced and an occupying floor area is reduced. The substrate processing apparatus contains a load lock chamber 41 and a transfer chamber 24 respectively provided in order from the rear side within a case 11; and a processing chamber 53 provided above the load lock chamber 41 for processing wafers 1. An opening section 27A, and an opening and closing means 28A for opening and closing the opening section 27A are respectively provided in a location at the rear side of the transfer chamber 24 where the load lock chamber 41 is not arranged.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image data processing method capable of reducing visual discomfort perceived by users in the recovery from a receive error in a receiver. According to the image data processing method, in recovery processing of a video motion damper system in an image data processing circuit, a frequency of occurrence of the receive error before and after the time of recovery from the receive error is judged. According to the judgment result, the time period for switching of the output tap in recovery processing is adjusted. When the frequency of occurrence of the receive error is high, the recovery processing is halted until the selected tap position during the recovery is returned to the output tape position of the first FIFO of a frame memory.

Abstract: To provide a substrate processing apparatus, comprising: a reaction vessel having a processing chamber inside that processes a substrate; a heating device that heats said substrate from an outer peripheral side of the reaction vessel; a lid member that closes the processing chamber; an attachment/detachment jig placed on the lid member for attaching/detaching the reaction vessel from an inside of the heating device; and a support section provided in an upper side of a lower end of the reaction vessel on an inside wall of the reaction vessel, and abutted on an upper surface of the attachment/detachment jig for attaching/detaching the reaction vessel from the inside of the heating device.

Abstract: Silicon carbide-based fine particles containing an electrically conducting inorganic substance and a electromagnetic wave absorbing material, which are fine particles comprising a particle inner portion of a silicon carbide-based material and a surface layer formed of an electrically conducting inorganic substance mainly comprising carbon, wherein a gradient layer with the compositional ratio of the electrically conducting inorganic substance gradiently increasing toward the particle surface is present and the thickness of the electrically conducting inorganic substance gradient layer is from 1 to 500 nm. The electromagnetic wave absorbing material of the present invention can selectively absorb a electromagnetic wave of 1 to 300 GHz in a wide band.

Abstract: A broadcast receiver which detects the reception status of radio waves from other stations without deteriorating the reception status of a currently-receiving station, in digital broadcasting where consecutive time series data is transmitted. The amount of time-based interleave applied to the currently-receiving data is determined so that the reception status of the radio waves from other stations is detected while the reception of the currently-receiving broadcast station is interrupted within the extent where missing data can be recovered by such interleave and error correction processing on demodulation.