Abstract: An exhaust manifold may include first to fourth exhaust pipes respectively connected to first to fourth cylinders which is sequentially disposed in an engine, the exhaust manifold may include a first exhaust manifold including the second exhaust pipe connected to the second cylinder and the third exhaust pipe connected to the third cylinder; a second exhaust manifold including the first exhaust pipe connected to the first cylinder, the fourth exhaust pipe connected to the fourth cylinder and the first exhaust pipe, and a recirculation valve apparatus mounted in the first exhaust pipe; wherein the second exhaust pipe and the third exhaust pipe are directly connected to a converter housing for mounting a catalytic converter in which purifies exhaust gas, and wherein the fourth exhaust pipe is connected to the first exhaust pipe at upstream of the recirculation valve, and the first exhaust pipe is directly connected to the converter housing.

Abstract: An display device including a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode, and a thin film encapsulation layer. The organic light-emitting diode is disposed on the substrate. The thin film encapsulation layer is disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes at least one inorganic layer, at least one organic layer, and a first refractive-index control layer. The at least one organic layer is alternately disposed with the at least one inorganic layer. The first refractive-index layer is disposed between one of the at least one inorganic layer and one of the at least one organic layer disposed adjacent to each other. The first refractive-index control layer has a refractive-index variation ratio per unit length (?n/nm) from about 0.001/nm to about 0.002/nm along a direction from the organic light-emitting diode toward the thin film encapsulation layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device includes: a substrate; a first electrode including a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode spaced apart from each other and on the substrate; a first light emitting unit on the first electrode; a charge generation unit on the first light emitting unit; a second light emitting unit on the charge generation unit; and a second electrode on the second light emitting unit, wherein the first light emitting unit comprises a first light emitting layer correspondingly on the first sub-electrode; and a second light emitting layer correspondingly on the second sub-electrode, wherein the second light emitting unit comprises a third light emitting layer correspondingly on the first light emitting layer; and a fourth light emitting layer correspondingly on the second light emitting layer.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling a hybrid vehicle may include: an engine configured to an engine power; a drive motor to assist the power of the engine and selectively operate as a generator to generate electrical energy; a clutch disposed between the engine and the drive motor; a battery to supply electrical energy to the drive motor or to be charged by the electrical energy generated by the drive motor; an electric supercharger installed in an intake line through which an ambient air is supplied to a combustion chamber of the engine; and a controller to operate the electric supercharger and control the engine power output from the engine and a drive motor power output from the drive motor based on a desired power of a driver and a SOC (state of charge) of the battery.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling a hybrid vehicle may include: an engine; a drive motor to assist the power of the engine and selectively operate as a generator to generate electrical energy; a battery to supply electrical energy; a first intake valve disposed in a first intake line; a second intake valve disposed in a second intake line; a first electric supercharger disposed in the first intake line; a second electric supercharger disposed in the second intake line; a connecting valve disposed in a connecting line for connecting the first intake line and the second intake line; and a controller that determines a driving mode of the first and second electric superchargers. In particular, the controller controls the drive motor and the first and second electric superchargers based on a supercharger consumed energy, an additional fuel energy, and a drive motor consumed energy.

Abstract: An apparatus for diagnosing an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve includes: an EGR apparatus including an EGR line connecting an exhaust line and an intake line and an EGR valve installed in the EGR line; an electric supercharger installed in the intake line to change an internal pressure of an intake manifold; a manifold pressure sensor measuring the internal pressure of the intake manifold; and a controller that when an engine is stopped while a vehicle is running, learns on an amount of opening of the EGR valve, diagnoses a fixation of the EGR valve and e a leakage of the EGR valve based on the internal pressure of the intake manifold detected by the manifold pressure sensor.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle may include: an engine; a drive motor assisting a driving torque of the engine; an engine clutch selectively delivering power between the engine and the drive motor; a first intake valve disposed in a first intake line; a second intake valve disposed in a second intake line; a first electric supercharger disposed in the first intake line; a second electric supercharger disposed in the second intake line; a connecting valve disposed in a connecting line for connecting the first intake line and the second intake line; and a controller determining an operating mode among a plurality of operating modes of the first and the second electric superchargers based on a pressure ratio and a flow rate of the intake air supplied by each of the first and the second electric superchargers.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel layer including a plurality of display devices on the substrate, an encapsulating member encapsulating the pixel layer, a light modulating layer on the encapsulating member, a functional layer on the light modulating layer, and a bonding layer located between the light modulating layer and the functional layer and to bond the light modulating layer and the functional layer, where the light modulating layer has openings corresponding to the plurality of display devices, and where the bonding layer fills the openings and has a refractive index that is greater than a refractive index of the light modulating layer.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding composition scan be advantageously used in hydrofluoro olefin containing areas, comprising components A, B, C and, D: 10 to 35 wt.-% ABS graft rubber A obtained by emulsion polymerization, 50 to 75 wt.-% SAN copolymer B, 4 to 20 wt.-% copolymer C from ethylene and C1-C6-alkyl(meth)acrylate, and 4 to 20 wt.-% ABS graft rubber copolymer D obtained by mass polymerization.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a hybrid vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes an engine generating power by combustion of fuel, a driving motor assisting power of the engine and selectively operated as a power generator to generate electric energy and a clutch disposed between the engine and the driving motor. A battery supplies electric energy to the driving motor and charges the electric energy generated in the driving motor. A plurality of electric superchargers are installed in a plurality of intake lines, in which outside air supplied to combustion chambers of the engine flows, respectively and a controller variably adjusts an operating point of the engine.

Abstract: An apparatus for diagnosing an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve includes: an EGR apparatus including an EGR line connecting an exhaust line and an intake line and an EGR valve installed in the EGR line; an electric supercharger installed in the intake line to change an internal pressure of an intake manifold; a manifold pressure sensor measuring the internal pressure of the intake manifold; and a controller that when an engine is stopped while a vehicle is running, learns on an amount of opening of the EGR valve, diagnoses a fixation of the EGR valve and e a leakage of the EGR valve based on the internal pressure of the intake manifold detected by the manifold pressure sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling a hybrid vehicle includes: an engine configured to generate power by combustion of fuel; a driving motor configured to assist power of the engine and selectively operate as a power generator to generate electric energy; an HSG configured to start the engine and selectively operate as a power generator to generate electric energy; a clutch provided between the engine and the driving motor; a battery configured to supply electric energy to the driving motor or charge electric energy generated in the driving motor; an EGR apparatus configured to resupply exhaust gas discharged from the engine to the engine; an electric supercharger in which outside air supplied to combustion chambers flows; and a controller configured to variably control a travelling mode, an operating point, a lock charge through the driving motor and the HSG, and a shifting pattern based on a required torque of a driver and a SOC of the battery.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling an engine including an electric supercharger includes: an engine to combust fuel to generate power; a drive motor to assist the power of the engine and selectively operate as a generator to generate electrical energy; a battery configured to supply electrical energy to the drive motor and to be charged by the electrical energy generated from the drive motor; a plurality of electric superchargers respectively installed in a plurality of intake lines through which an ambient air flows to be supplied to a combustion chamber of the engine; and a controller that based on a determined driving tendency, adjusts a target speed of the electric superchargers of the plurality of electric superchargers, determine a driving mode of the electric superchargers, limits a maximum output of the engine, and variably adjusts a SOC electricity-generating region where the engine charges the battery.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle may include: an engine; a drive motor assisting a driving torque of the engine; an engine clutch selectively delivering power between the engine and the drive motor; a first intake valve disposed in a first intake line; a second intake valve disposed in a second intake line; a first electric supercharger disposed in the first intake line; a second electric supercharger disposed in the second intake line; a connecting valve disposed in a connecting line for connecting the first intake line and the second intake line; and a controller determining an operating mode among a plurality of operating modes of the first and the second electric superchargers based on a pressure ratio and a flow rate of the intake air supplied by each of the first and the second electric superchargers.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting includes a first electrode having a work function greater than about 4.9 eV and less than about 5.2 eV, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer, wherein the hole transport region includes a first hole transport layer including a first hole-transporting material, and the first hole transport layer is substantially free of a p-dopant.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel-structural compound including a 5-membered heterocycle, an organic electronic device using the same, and a terminal thereof.

Abstract: An engine may include an engine including combustion chambers, an intake line connected to the plurality of combustion chambers and through which outside air supplied to the combustion chamber flows, an intake manifold connected to an intake side of the combustion chamber, an exhaust manifold connected to an exhaust side of the combustion chamber, an exhaust line connected to the exhaust manifold, a turbocharger including a compressor mounted in the intake line, and a turbine rotating in association with the compressor and connected to the exhaust manifold and the exhaust line, a wastegate passage bypassing the turbine from the exhaust manifold, an electric supercharger connected to the compressor of the turbocharger by the intake line, a power device electrically-connected to the electric supercharger and configured for supplying electric power to the electric supercharger or absorbing and storing electric power generated by the electric supercharger, and a controller for controlling the operation of the pow

Abstract: A control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle includes an engine that combusts fuel to generate power. A drive motor assists the engine power and selectively operates as a generator to generate electrical energy. A clutch is disposed between the engine and drive motor. A battery supplies electrical energy to the drive motor or is charged by the generated electrical energy. A DC converter transforms a DC from the battery. An electric supercharger supplies supercharged air to the engine. A controller determines an optimal air amount to maximize system efficiency based on a drive motor limited output value determined by a battery SOC, and determines an output drive motor power output and an output engine power output based on the optimal air amount when an atmospheric pressure is less than a predetermined pressure, intake temperature is greater than a predetermined temperature and the SOC is less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: High heat resistant ABS molding compositions for use in the automotive sector, electronics, and household or healthcare sector comprising: (A) 15 to 35 wt.-% ABS graft copolymer (A); (B) 15 to 35 wt.-% a-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (B) (weight ratio 95:5 to 50:50); (C) 20 to 40 wt.-% styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (C) (weight ratio 95:5 to 50:50; Mw 150,000 to 300,000); (D) 10 to 30 wt.-% random terpolymer (D) made from 13 to 27 wt.-% ?, ? ethylenically unsaturated cyclic anhydride, 60 to 74 wt.-% aromatic vinyl monomer, and 13 to 27 wt.-% maleimide monomer); (E) 0.1 to 5 wt.-%, of at least one elastomeric block copolymer (E) comprising a vinylaromatic monomer block S and an elastomeric random diene/vinylaromatic onomer block B/S; hard phase proportion is 1 to 40 vol.-% and the diene proportion is less than 50 wt.-%; and (F) 0 to 5 wt.-% of further additives and/or processing aids (F).

Abstract: An engine system may include an engine including a plurality of intake lines through which outside air supplied to combustion chamber flows, a first electric supercharger and a second electric supercharger disposed respectively in the plurality of intake lines, a first exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) device including a first EGR line branched from an exhaust manifold and joining an intake manifold and a first EGR valve disposed in the first EGR line, and a controller determining an engine target torque according to a driving condition of the engine, setting an engine torque within an operation region of the first EGR device when the engine target torque is in a torque dead band between the operation region of the first EGR device and a non-operation region thereof, and compensating a difference value between the engine target torque and the engine torque by a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) motor.