Abstract: A liquid discharge head substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of liquid discharge elements, a liquid supply port, temperature detection elements, and a driving wiring pattern. The plurality of liquid discharge elements are arranged in a first direction on a major surface of the substrate to discharge a liquid. The liquid supply port is provided in the substrate and is spaced apart from the plurality of liquid discharge elements in a second direction crossing the first direction to supply the liquid to the plurality of liquid discharge elements. The temperature detection elements are arranged on the substrate to detect a temperature. The driving wiring pattern extends in the second direction to an end portion of the substrate to drive the temperature detection elements, is connected to an external connection terminal, and is shared between the temperature detection elements.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate has an internal circuit, a plurality of first pads electrically connected to the internal circuit, and one or a plurality of second pads that have a surface hardness lower than that of the plurality of first pads and are not electrically connected to the internal circuit.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of discharge elements, a plurality of driving elements, a plurality of control circuits, a first ground wiring and a first power supply wiring configured to supply power to the plurality of discharge elements and the plurality of driving elements, and a second ground wiring and a second power supply wiring configured to supply power to the plurality of control circuits. The first ground wiring and the first power supply wiring include, in a first conductive layer of a plurality of conductive layers, a first wiring group extending in a first direction, and in a second conductive layer, a second wiring group extending in a second direction which intersects with the first direction. The second power supply wiring is arranged on one of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A filtration filter for filtering out impurities has a support with a fibrous structure. A filtration membrane is integrally formed inside the support. The filtration membrane includes a porous resin and is capable of filtering out impurities. The filtration membrane includes a porous resin membrane having an average pore size of 0.026 ?m and an opening ratio of 6% to 30%.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of discharge elements, a plurality of driving elements, a plurality of control circuits, a first ground wiring and a first power supply wiring configured to supply power to the plurality of discharge elements and the plurality of driving elements, and a second ground wiring and a second power supply wiring configured to supply power to the plurality of control circuits. The first ground wiring and the first power supply wiring include, in a first conductive layer of a plurality of conductive layers, a first wiring group extending in a first direction, and in a second conductive layer, a second wiring group extending in a second direction which intersects with the first direction. The second power supply wiring is arranged on one of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: An element substrate of a liquid ejection head includes: a base material; an insulating film positioned on the base material; a heating resistance element for generating heat energy for ejecting a liquid; a protective film for covering the heating resistance element; a first electrical wiring layer arranged in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; a second electrical wiring layer arranged on a layer different from the first electrical wiring layer in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; and at least one connecting member extending into the insulating film to connect the first electrical wiring layer and the heating resistance element, for causing the current to flow in a first direction, the heating resistance element including a connecting region, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, to which the at least one connecting member is connected.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrasonic detection device including: a capacitive electromechanical transducer including a cell that includes a first electrode and a second electrode disposed so as to oppose with a space; a voltage source for developing a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electric circuit for converting a current, which is caused by a change in electrostatic capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode due to vibration of the second electrode, into a voltage, in which the capacitive electromechanical transducer provides an output current with a high-pass characteristic having a first cutoff frequency with respect to a frequency, the electric circuit provides an output with a low-pass characteristic having a second cutoff frequency with respect to the frequency, and the second cutoff frequency is smaller than the first cutoff frequency.

Abstract: According to the sampling method of the aspect of the present invention, the coordinate (location information) of the sampling location on the sampling specimen is generated randomly by the controller, such as a personal computer, of the sampling location display. Based on the location information, the sampling location is displayed on the sampling specimen, which is a part of the recycled raw material, by laser light. Because of this, arbitrariness, in which the operator artificially selects the sampling location, during incremental sampling for setting the average quality of the sampling specimen, such as the average content of valuable metal, can be excluded reliably.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head substrate, in which driving elements for driving discharging elements are arranged, the substrate comprising a conductive film, for supplying a power-supply voltage to the driving elements, provided to cover the driving elements in a plan view, and a power-supply pad, for receiving the power-supply voltage, provided at an end of the substrate in the plan view, wherein the conductive film has an outer shape that is not linearly symmetrical in the plan view, openings are formed in the conductive film, the conductive film has a first portion and a second portion whose impedance from the pad in the conductive film is smaller than that of the first portion, and the substrate further comprises a conductive pattern connecting the first portion and the second portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The device comprises discharge units each including a discharge element and a driving unit configured to drive the discharge element, and a terminal unit configured to supply power to the discharge units via a wiring line. The discharge units include a first discharge unit including a first discharge element of the discharge elements and a first driving unit of the driving units and a second discharge unit including a second discharge element of the discharge elements and a second driving unit of the driving units. A length of a current path from the terminal unit to the first discharge unit is longer than a length of a current path from the terminal unit to the second discharge unit and a resistance of the first driving unit is lower than a resistance of the second driving unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The device comprises discharge units each including a discharge element and a driving unit configured to drive the discharge element, and a terminal unit configured to supply power to the discharge units via a wiring line. The discharge units include a first discharge unit including a first discharge element of the discharge elements and a first driving unit of the driving units and a second discharge unit including a second discharge element of the discharge elements and a second driving unit of the driving units. A length of a current path from the terminal unit to the first discharge unit is longer than a length of a current path from the terminal unit to the second discharge unit and a resistance of the first driving unit is lower than a resistance of the second driving unit.

Abstract: An element substrate of a liquid ejection head includes: a base material; an insulating film positioned on the base material; a heating resistance element for generating heat energy for ejecting a liquid; a protective film for covering the heating resistance element; a first electrical wiring layer arranged in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; a second electrical wiring layer arranged on a layer different from the first electrical wiring layer in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; and at least one connecting member extending into the insulating film to connect the first electrical wiring layer and the heating resistance element, for causing the current to flow in a first direction, the heating resistance element including a connecting region, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, to which the at least one connecting member is connected.

Abstract: A print element substrate and a printing device which can suppress lowering of an image quality are provided. For that purpose, a heater, a sub-heater, and a driver are arranged in each heating area, and a plurality of the heating areas is arrayed on the print element substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a control apparatus and control method for a capacitive electromechanical transducer with small decrease in transmission/reception efficiency, and with sets of transmission/reception characteristics with different frequency ranges. The apparatus has cells each including first and second electrodes facing each other via a gap; includes a driving/detecting unit and an external stress applying unit. The driving/detecting unit performs at least one of causing the second electrode to vibrate and transmit elastic waves by generating an AC electrostatic attractive force between the electrodes, and detecting a change of capacitance between the electrodes, the change being caused by the second electrode vibrating upon receipt of elastic waves. The external stress applying unit changes the external stress applied to the second electrode.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head substrate, in which driving elements for driving discharging elements are arranged, the substrate comprising a conductive film, for supplying a power-supply voltage to the driving elements, provided to cover the driving elements in a plan view, and a power-supply pad, for receiving the power-supply voltage, provided at an end of the substrate in the plan view, wherein the conductive film has an outer shape that is not linearly symmetrical in the plan view, openings are formed in the conductive film, the conductive film has a first portion and a second portion whose impedance from the pad in the conductive film is smaller than that of the first portion, and the substrate further comprises a conductive pattern connecting the first portion and the second portion.

Abstract: An element substrate of a liquid ejection head includes: a base material; an insulating film positioned on the base material; a heating resistance element for generating heat energy for ejecting a liquid; a protective film for covering the heating resistance element; a first electrical wiring layer arranged in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; a second electrical wiring layer arranged on a layer different from the first electrical wiring layer in the insulating film, for supplying a current to the heating resistance element; and at least one connecting member extending into the insulating film to connect the first electrical wiring layer and the heating resistance element, for causing the current to flow in a first direction, the heating resistance element including a connecting region, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, to which the at least one connecting member is connected.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a liquid discharge head substrate includes a substrate having a parallelogram shape, a plurality of liquid discharge elements disposed on the substrate, a plurality of power supply terminals disposed along a first side of the substrate, and a first wiring, having a lattice shape, connected to the plurality of power supply terminals. On the substrate, the first side and a third side form an obtuse angle, and the first side and a fourth side form an acute angle. In the plurality of power supply terminals, the number of power supply terminals at positions closer to the third side than to the fourth side is larger than the number of power supply terminals at positions closer to the fourth side than to the third side.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The device comprises discharge units each including a discharge element and a driving unit configured to drive the discharge element, and a terminal unit configured to supply a power supply to the discharge units via a wiring line. The discharge units includes a first discharge unit including a first discharge element of the discharge elements and a first driving unit of the driving units and a second discharge unit including a second discharge element of the discharge elements and a second driving unit of the driving units. A length of a current path from the terminal unit to the first discharge unit is larger than a length of a current path from the terminal unit to the second discharge unit and a resistance of the first driving unit is lower than a resistance of the second driving unit.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a liquid discharge head substrate includes a substrate having a parallelogram shape, a plurality of liquid discharge elements disposed on the substrate, a plurality of power supply terminals disposed along a first side of the substrate, and a first wiring, having a lattice shape, connected to the plurality of power supply terminals. On the substrate, the first side and a third side form an obtuse angle, and the first side and a fourth side form an acute angle. In the plurality of power supply terminals, the number of power supply terminals at positions closer to the third side than to the fourth side is larger than the number of power supply terminals at positions closer to the fourth side than to the third side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromechanical transducer capable of arbitrarily varying the amount of deflection of a vibrating membrane for every element. The electromechanical transducer includes a plurality of elements including at least one cell that includes a first electrode and a second electrode opposed to the first electrode with a gap sandwiched therebetween and a direct-current voltage applying unit configured to be provided for each element and to separately apply a direct-current voltage to the first electrodes in each element. The first electrodes and the second electrodes are electrically separated for every element.