Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical disk reproducing apparatus, and provides a technology capable of supporting even a situation in which a reproduction signal characteristic is changed due to a factor other than recording density of an optical disk by using PRML of different constrained length and capable of improving reading accuracy. The optical disk reproducing apparatus includes a PRML circuit of first constrained length (for example, 4) and a PRML circuit of second constrained length (for example, 5). Equalization error values obtained during calculation of equalization learning in respective circuits are compared with each other in a determination circuit. Switching control of a switch is performed so that an output of one of the PRML circuits having a smaller equalization error value is selected.

Abstract: Even though an antenna apparatus is low profile to have a height of not more than 70 mm, sensitivity is maximally suppressed from being deteriorated. In an antenna case 10 projecting from a vehicle in a height of not more than 70 mm, an antenna circuit board 30 on which an antenna pattern is formed is uprightly arranged and an amplifier circuit board 34 which amplifies a received signal output from the antenna circuit board 30 are housed. In the antenna circuit board 30, an antenna coil to resonate the antenna pattern in an FM waveband is inserted between the antenna pattern and a feeding point. Therefore, a low-profile antenna pattern having a length which is about 1/20 a wavelength of an FM broadcast resonates the FM band.

Abstract: There are provided an optical disc device and its recording/reproducing method for managing the management information about plural optical discs efficiently. In the present invention, the management information about the plural optical discs is stored in a memory. Moreover, the management information about part or all of the optical discs stored in the memory is recorded in the optical disc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical disk reproducing apparatus, and provides a technology capable of supporting even a situation in which a reproduction signal characteristic is changed due to a factor other than recording density of an optical disk by using PRML of different constrained length and capable of improving reading accuracy. The optical disk reproducing apparatus includes a PRML circuit of first constrained length (for example, 4) and a PRML circuit of second constrained length (for example, 5). Equalization error values obtained during calculation of equalization learning in respective circuits are compared with each other in a determination circuit. Switching control of a switch is performed so that an output of one of the PRML circuits having a smaller equalization error value is selected.

Abstract: An optical disk reproducing apparatus has a circuit for detecting a difference in modulation scheme between two types of optical disks in a reproduction signal and a circuit for determining the modulation schemes of the disks on the basis of the difference. Thus the apparatus can reproduce the two optical disks with use of the circuit which determines the modulation schemes of the disks to be reproduced.

Abstract: A remote lighting control system is for remote lighting control of a plurality of discharge lamps. This system has the installed electronic ballasts of each discharge lamp. Each electronic ballast has a transceiver and a controller, the transceiver exchanges control information with the controller. The control command contains the identifiable information to specify one of a plurality of electronic ballasts. When the transmitter is received the control command, the transceiver transfers the received control command to other electronic ballasts further. Moreover, if the control command is the one that the identifiable information specifies own ballasts, the control information based on the received control command is send to own controller, and the controller control the discharge lamp. According to this system, when a lot of lamps was arranged the factory etc. comparatively widely, the user's remote control is not limited to the narrow scope.

Abstract: Provided are a paste composition capable of achieving a BSF effect which is equivalent to or greater than a conventionally achieved BSF effect even when used in either case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thick silicon semiconductor substrate or case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thin silicon semiconductor substrate and, when used in a case where a thin back surface electrode layer is formed on a thin silicon semiconductor substrate, not only capable of achieving a BSF effect which is equivalent to or greater than a conventionally achieved BSF effect, but also capable of more suppressing deformation of the silicon semiconductor substrate after being fired, than in a case where the conventional paste composition is used in order to form a thin back surface electrode layer; and a solar cell element comprising an electrode formed by using the paste composition.

Abstract: A high voltage generating circuit includes a boosting portion (e.g., a trigger coil (22)) for boosting DC voltage delivered from a DC power supply (26) so as to deliver high voltage at a secondary side, a switching element (e.g., a MOSFET (23)) for turning on and off current flowing in the primary side of the boosting portion, and a pulse signal generating portion (24B) for generating a pulse signal for controlling on and off of the switching element.

Abstract: Recording capacity per layer is detected from a disc and bit allocation of wobble addresses in a conventional optical disc and bit allocation in a high-density optical disc are controlled selectively to detect physical position addresses on the disc. Address detection can be performed for two kinds of discs which are equal in structure of addresses embedded in wobbles but different in bit allocation of addresses.

Abstract: In a recording medium, an extension address is obtained without changing the number of bits of the address embedded in the wobble. The wobble address is partially or wholly encoded to embed the address information. At the time of reproducing the address information, the original address information is obtained by restoring the embedded information by the decoding process.

Abstract: A recording medium, an address generating method, an address detection method and a recording and reproduction apparatus capable of extending the wobble address without any considerable wobble restructuring are disclosed. Virtual bits not recorded in the disc and expressed by the difference of the rule or the presence or absence of the information embedded in a part or the whole of the wobble address are generated. Thus, the extended address can be obtained without changing the number of bits of the address embedded in the wobble.

Abstract: As a synchronization signal pattern to be added, a pattern is generated (second SYNC pattern), which has a pattern that breaks a maximum run inserted in a pattern excluding a minimum run is used so that intersymbol interference does not occur readily on a high-density disc, and addition processing of a conventional synchronization signal pattern (first SYNC pattern) is switched according to identification information indicating whether or not a high-density disc for generation.

Abstract: Provided is a process and catalyst for hydrocracking paraffinic hydrocarbons which provides satisfactorily high cracking activity and middle distillate yield as well as the low pour point of the resulting gas oil all together. The catalyst of the present invention comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate, alumina-boria and a noble metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: An LED drive circuit is an LED dive circuit that receives an alternating voltage to drive an LED, and includes a current remove portion that removes a current from a current supply line that supplies an LED drive current to the LED. If an input current to the LED drive circuit is an unnecessary current, the LED does not light because of current removal by the current remove portion. If the input current to the LED drive circuit turns into the LED drive current from the unnecessary current, the current remove portion decreases the amount of current removed.

Abstract: A steel bar for a steering rack that contains 0.50 to 0.60% by mass of C, 0.05 to 0.5% by mass of Si, 0.2 to 1.5% by mass of Mn, 0.0005 to 0.003% by mass of B, 0.005 to 0.05% by mass of Ti, 0.0005 to 0.1% by mass of Al, and 0.002 to 0.02% by mass of N is provided. Given D as a diameter of the steel bar, then the steel bar is adjusted in such a manner that quenched and tempered structures in a portion of the steel bar at a depth of D/4 from a surface satisfy conditions I), II), and III) as follows: I) a sum of a tempered bainitic structure and a tempered martensitic structure accounts for 30 to 100% in area percentage; II) a regenerated perlite structure accounts for 0 to 50% in area percentage; and III) a sum of the tempered bainitic structure, the tempered martensitic structure, and the regenerated perlite structure accounts for 50 to 100% in area percentage.

Abstract: A photocoupler for feeding back output voltage information on a secondary side of a switching power supply circuit through a light signal to control a switching operation on a primary side comprises: a light-emitting element for emitting a light signal flashing based on the output voltage information of the switching power supply circuit; a light-receiving control integrated circuit composed by integrating a light-receiving element composed of a photodiode for receiving the light signal, an amplifier circuit for amplifying an output signal of the light-receiving element, and a switching control circuit for controlling the switching operation of the switching power supply circuit, in one chip, wherein the light-emitting element and the light-receiving control integrated circuit are sealed in one package so that the light signal can be transmitted from the light-emitting element to the light-receiving element.

Abstract: Even though an antenna apparatus is low profile to have a height of not more than 70 mm, sensitivity is maximally suppressed from being deteriorated. In an antenna case 10 projecting from a vehicle in a height of not more than 70 mm, an antenna circuit board 30 on which an antenna pattern is formed is uprightly arranged and an amplifier circuit board 34 which amplifies a received signal output from the antenna circuit board 30 are housed. In the antenna circuit board 30, an antenna coil to resonate the antenna pattern in an FM waveband is inserted between the antenna pattern and a feeding point. Therefore, a low-profile antenna pattern having a length which is about 1/20 a wavelength of an FM broadcast resonates the FM band.

Abstract: Provided is an optical disk reproducing device for controlling false detection of synchronization signals due to intersymbol interference, and stably improving accuracy of frequency acquisition of a PLL even when offset and so on occur. A signal width close to an original mark length is obtained to use for frequency acquisition of the PLL by, for example, using two different slice thresholds and taking a width between a rising of a result of slicing at one threshold and a falling of a result of slicing at the other threshold as a synchronization signal width. When asymmetric properties due to offset, asymmetry, etc. occur, an amount of corrections on the slice threshold is calculated, and it is reflected on a threshold previously set to always obtain a correct synchronization signal width.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided which is low in methane selectivity in a high CO conversion region and high in chain growth probability ? in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and comprises a support comprising silica or alumina and an oxide of zirconium and/or titanium loaded thereon in film form in an amount ranging from 0.5 percent by mass to 10.0 percent in terms of metal, and one or more metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and ruthenium loaded on the support.

Abstract: A recording/reproducing apparatus capable of encrypting bus data to a host has a bus encryption circuit and controls the access to a memory. Encryption of data between the recording/reproducing apparatus and the host can be achieved to assure protection of data and contents recorded on an optical disc.