Abstract: A semiconductor layer is provided on a surface of a sapphire substrate, the sapphire substrate having smooth surfaces. A support substrate is mounted on an electrode formation surface of the semiconductor layer. A surface portion of the semiconductor layer is melted, and the sapphire substrate is separated from the semiconductor layer at an interface between the sapphire substrate and the semiconductor layer, thereby exposing the semiconductor layer. While the surface portion of the exposed semiconductor layer is melted, the holding substrate with projections/depressions or stripe grooves is pressed against the surface portion of the semiconductor layer, so that the projections/depressions or stripe grooves formed in the holding substrate are transferred onto the surface portion of the semiconductor layer. The support substrate is separated from the semiconductor layer at an interface between the semiconductor layer and the support substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting element which is primarily composed of GaN and which emits blue light is provided with a fluorescent layer, and the fluorescent layer includes fluorescent particles formed of a YAG fluorescent substance. By synthesis between yellow light emitted from the fluorescent particles and the blue light, white light is obtained. Fine particles, such as silica, adhere to the peripheries of the fluorescent particles forming the fluorescent layer, and between the particles, air layers are formed. The air layers each function as a heat insulating layer and can suppress an increase in temperature of the fine particles when an environmental temperature is increased. Hence, luminous efficiency of the fluorescent particles is not likely to vary, and the change in luminescent color can be suppressed.

Abstract: A soldering flux contains a base resin and an activating agent. The base resin contains a thermoplastic acrylic resin having a glass transition temperature of below ?50° C. This enables to sufficiently suppress the occurrence of cracks in the flux residue after soldering, under the severe environment where the temperature difference is extremely large. The soldering flux has high reliability and excellent solderability, and is conventional with respect to the load against manufacturing cost and environment.

Abstract: A soldering flux contains a base resin and an activating agent. The soldering flux contains, as the activating agent, an oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound having at least one carboxyl group in a molecule. A solder paste composition contains the abovementioned soldering flux and the solder alloy powder. These enable exhibition of excellent wettability to lead-free metals and plating, irrespective of the type of the metals.

Abstract: A thin holographic optical switch used in a liquid crystal display device contains opposing transparent substrates transparent electrodes between the substrates and a diffraction grating between the electrodes. The diffraction grating contains regions of transparent polymerized photopolymers and cholesteric liquid crystal micro-droplets. Refractive indexes of the photopolymers and liquid crystal are substantially the same when the electrodes have the same potential. The holographic optical switch transmits broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is zero and is polarization independent. The holographic optical switch diffracts broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is non-zero and is polarization independent.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged so that a main surface of the first electrode opposes a main surface of the second electrode, a first pseudo electrode layer disposed on the main surface of the first electrode, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first pseudo electrode layer and the main surface of the second electrode. The first pseudo electrode layer includes conductive particles electrically coupled to the first electrode.

Abstract: The storage device of the invention has a ramp mechanism which shakes out the head onto the disk medium, and causes the head to evacuate from the medium to hold it. The command queuing processing unit stores input/output commands into the command queue in the order of issuance by the host, and then, executes the commands in arrangement in the increasing order of the medium access time. Completion of commands is responded to the host in the order of completion of execution. The end of command is responded to the host in the order of end of execution. The emergency evacuation processing unit interrupts, upon receipt of an emergency evacuation command from the host during operation of the command queuing processing unit, operation of the command queuing processing unit and protects the head by causing the head to evacuate from the medium to the ramp mechanism.

Abstract: A disk storage device stores write data in a cache area of a data buffer according to a write command from a host, reports write completion to the host, and then writes the write data in the cache area to a storage medium. The disk storage device stores the write data stored in the data buffer in a save area created on the storage disk in response to the reception of a command which requires integrity, other than a write command, and reports a response to the host. Therefore processing time of this command and response time to the host can be decreased, while maintaining the safety of the write data.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged so that a main surface of the first electrode opposes a main surface of the second electrode, a first pseudo electrode layer disposed on the main surface of the first electrode, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first pseudo electrode layer and the main surface of the second electrode. The first pseudo electrode layer includes conductive particles electrically coupled to the first electrode.

Abstract: A head-up display apparatus mainly includes a SH unit including switching hologram (SH) devices which constitute a combiner, a display device for supplying an image source to the SH unit, a light source controller for controlling the light source in the display device, a SH controller for controlling the SH devices, and a controller for controlling the entire apparatus including the light source controller and the SH controller.

Abstract: A contact structure includes contact members having leg portions which are deflected using internal stresses. Since the internal stress is used, the leg portions of the contact members are easily and reliably deflected even when the size of the contact members is reduced in accordance with the size reduction of an electronic component. Since the leg portions are elastically deformed and function as elastic contacts, a strain caused by a difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the electronic component and the substrate can be absorbed by the contact members. In addition, since a plurality of elastic contacts are provided, even if there is a displacement between the electronic component and the substrate, an electrical connection between the electronic component and the substrate is reliably obtained.

Abstract: A thin holographic optical switch used in a liquid crystal display device contains opposing transparent substrates transparent electrodes between the substrates and a diffraction grating between the electrodes. The diffraction grating contains regions of transparent polymerized photopolymers and cholesteric liquid crystal micro-droplets. Refractive indexes of the photopolymers and liquid crystal are substantially the same when the electrodes have the same potential. The holographic optical switch transmits broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is zero and is polarization independent. The holographic optical switch diffracts broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is non-zero and is polarization independent.

Abstract: A thin holographic optical switch used in a liquid crystal display device contains opposing transparent substrates transparent electrodes between the substrates and a diffraction grating between the electrodes. The diffraction grating contains regions of transparent polymerized photopolymers and cholesteric liquid crystal micro-droplets. Refractive indexes of the photopolymers and liquid crystal are substantially the same when the electrodes have the same potential. The holographic optical switch transmits broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is zero and is polarization independent. The holographic optical switch diffracts broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is non-zero and is polarization independent.

Abstract: A source code debugger connected to a cycle-accurate instruction set simulator, comprising: a pipeline information obtaining module configured to obtain address information in execution at respective stages on a pipeline from the cycle-accurate instruction set simulator; a pipeline information displaying module configured to edit the address information of the pipeline obtained by the pipeline information obtaining module together with the progress of processing of the stages; a resource information obtaining module configured to obtain address information of a program in execution together with instruction codes; and a resource information displaying module configured to edit the address information and the instruction codes obtained by the resource information obtaining module.

Abstract: A circuit design support apparatus partially converts a description of a circuit model to simulate the circuit operation. A register signal replacement section replaces a register signal with a variable in a process related with the register signal of the description and inserts a declaration of the variable in the process instead of a declaration of the register signal in the description. A clock signal simplification section replaces a clock signal with a variable in a clock signal reference process of the description and unifies a clock signal update process to the clock signal reference process in the description.

Abstract: The disclosed hardware and software co-simulator can execute two simulations effectively between two simulators each for executing simulation independently, by eliminating the idle times for waiting the execution end of the opposite simulator. The co-simulator is constructed in such a way that the time data generated at which the events transferred between a fist simulator and a second simulator occur can be extracted by analyzing the simulation data; and the expected occurrence times of the events to be transferred between the simulators are previously indicated to each simulator on the basis of the event occurrence time data.

Abstract: A hardware verification module performs simulation for hardware verification with input from an RT-level processor model and an RT-level hardware description. All abstraction module abstracts from the RT-level hardware description on a processor input/output instruction operation level to generate an abstracted description describing an instruction-level hardware description. A software verification module performs simulation for software verification with input from an instruction-level processor model and the abstracted description.

Abstract: A sealing structure for an airtight chamber includes a first division member and a second division member being repeatedly joined and disjoined. The first and second chamber members are joined together to define the chamber between them and disjoined to allow access to the chamber. The structure also includes a sealing member pressed between the first and second division members to keep the chamber airtight against a pressure difference between the exterior and the interior of the chamber while the first and second division members are joined. The first and second division members are made of a material with hardness lower than that of the sealing member and are formed with a groove. The structure also includes seat members being embedded in the grooves and pressed against the sealing member while the first and second division members are joined. The seat member is made of a material harder than the division member and welded in said groove only along its contacting surfaces with the groove.

Abstract: A non-washing soldering flux which is capable of minimizing corrosion and insulation defects due to precipitation of metal salts and cracking of the base resin is disclosed. The flux includes an activator including a dibasic acid with a molecular weight of 250 or less, and a monobasic acid with a molecular weight of from 150 to 300 and/or a dibasic acid with a molecular weight of from 300 to 600. The dibasic acid of molecular weight 250 or less in the flux exhibits sufficient activity, thus ensuring satisfactory solderability. The monobasic acid of molecular weight from 150 to 300 and the dibasic acid of molecular weight from 300 to 600 which are combined therewith promote the activity while also uniformly dispersing the metal salt of the low molecular weight dibasic acid in the flux residue, allowing it to be enveloped by the hydrophobic base resin. For greater cracking resistance, the flux includes at least an acrylic resin of molecular weight 10,000 or less and an activator.

Abstract: An apparatus which allows a first film to be formed on a substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and a second film to be formed on the substrate by sputtering, wherein the processes are performed sequentially in the same deposition chamber without exposing the substrate to an oxidative atmosphere. The deposition chamber includes a first electrode and a second electrode located under the first electrode. A transfer mechanism loads a dummy target onto the first electrode and the substrate onto the second electrode prior to a CVD process. The dummy target is resistant to sputtering and thus does not contaminate the film deposited on the substrate during CVD. After CVD and prior to sputtering, the transfer mechanism unloads the dummy target and replaces it with a sputtering target for film formation by sputtering. Both the dummy target and sputtering target can be loaded and unloaded from a single pressurized storage chamber.