Abstract: An optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first unit and a second unit. The first unit includes a first substrate, and a first lens having a negative refractive power and disposed on the image side of the first substrate. The second unit includes a second substrate, and a second lens having a positive refractive power and disposed on the image side of the second substrate. An absolute value of the refractive power on an optical axis of the second lens is larger than that of the first lens. A surface on the image side of the first lens is an aspheric surface. In the aspheric surface of the first lens, a refractive power at an outermost peripheral portion of an effective area is smaller than a refractive power on the optical axis.

Abstract: Assembly workability of an electric compressor to which an inverter circuit section and a filter circuit section are attached is improved. The inverter circuit section (3) includes an inverter control board (17), a sleeve assembly (18), and a power module (14). The inverter control board, the sleeve assembly, and the power module are integrated. The filter circuit section (4) includes a filter circuit board (66) and a support member (67). The filter circuit board (66) and the support member (67) are integrated. The inverter circuit section and the filter circuit section are structured to be capable of being stored each individually within an inverter storing section (8) from the same direction and detachably attached to the housing (2).

Abstract: An electric compressor is provided in which the connection strength between lead terminals from a motor and an inverter circuit section is improved. The electric compressor 1 is constituted by electrically connecting lead terminals 24 to 26 of a motor and an inverter circuit section 3 for supplying power to the motor by a motor side connection terminal 28. The inverter circuit section 3 is protrusively provided with terminal connection portions 19 to 21 each having a screw groove portion. The motor side connection terminal 28 has a flat plate terminal portion. The flat plate terminal portion is fixed to the inverter circuit section 3 by a nut 91 screwed into each of the screw groove portions of the terminal connection portions 19 to 21 and electrically connected to the inverter circuit section 3 in that state.

Abstract: An optical system includes first to third units. The first unit includes a first substrate and a first lens having negative refractive power. The first lens is disposed on the image side of the first substrate. The second unit includes a second substrate and a second lens having positive refractive power. The second lens is disposed on the object side or image side of the second substrate. The third unit includes a third substrate and a third lens having positive refractive power. The third lens is disposed on the object side or image side of the third substrate. At least one of the first to third lenses constitutes a cemented lens including a fourth lens. The fourth lens and the lens cemented with the fourth lens in the cemented lens have refractive powers different from each other and Abbe numbers different from each other.

Abstract: There is provided an electric compressor in which the connection strength between an inverter circuit section and an electrical circuit section connected thereto by a connection terminal is improved. An inverter circuit section (3) includes an inverter control board (17) and a resin-molded sleeve assembly (18). In the sleeve assembly, a sleeve (32) and a terminal connection portion (23) are integrally resin-molded in a state in which a screw groove portion is protruded. The inverter control board (17) and a filter side connection terminal (71) of a filter circuit section (4) are fastened together to the terminal connection portion with a nut (92) screwed into the screw groove portion, whereby the inverter control board 17 and the filter circuit section 4 are electrically connected.

Abstract: An optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first unit and a second unit. The first unit includes a first substrate, and a first lens having a negative refractive power and disposed on the image side of the first substrate. The second unit includes a second substrate, and a second lens having a positive refractive power and disposed on the image side of the second substrate. An absolute value of the refractive power on an optical axis of the second lens is larger than that of the first lens. A surface on the image side of the first lens is an aspheric surface. In the aspheric surface of the first lens, a refractive power at an outermost peripheral portion of an effective area is smaller than a refractive power on the optical axis.

Abstract: An optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first unit, a second unit, and a third unit. The first unit includes a first substrate, and a first lens having a negative refractive power and disposed on the image side of the first substrate. The second unit includes a second substrate, and a second lens having a positive refractive power and disposed on the object side of the second substrate. The third unit includes a third substrate, and a third lens having a positive refractive power and disposed on the object side of the third substrate.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes a first lens having a convex surface, a second lens having a concave surface, disposed in such a manner that the concave surface of the second lens faces the convex surface of the first lens, and a diffraction grating section formed between the first and the second lenses and having positive optical power through diffraction. The diffraction grating section includes a first diffraction grating and a second diffraction grating disposed in this order from a side closer to the first lens; the second diffraction grating has a refractive index larger than that of the first diffraction grating, and an inner diameter of a grating wall surface of the diffraction grating section decreases as approaching to the second lens from the first lens.

Abstract: An electric compressor is provided in which the connection strength between lead terminals from a motor and an inverter circuit section is improved. The electric compressor 1 is constituted by electrically connecting lead terminals 24 to 26 of a motor and an inverter circuit section 3 for supplying power to the motor by a motor side connection terminal 28. The inverter circuit section 3 is protrusively provided with terminal connection portions 19 to 21 each having a screw groove portion. The motor side connection terminal 28 has a flat plate terminal portion. The flat plate terminal portion is fixed to the inverter circuit section 3 by a nut 91 screwed into each of the screw groove portions of the terminal connection portions 19 to 21 and electrically connected to the inverter circuit section 3 in that state.

Abstract: An electric compressor is provided which is capable of reducing the number of components in an inverter circuit section installed in an inverter storing section and attaining its miniaturization as well. A sleeve assembly (18) of an inverter circuit section (3) has positioning pins (37) and (38) for an inverter control board (17) and a power module (14). The positioning pins (37) and (38) are thermally caulked in a state in which the sleeve assembly (18) is interposed by the inverter control board (17) and the power module (14) to thereby make the inverter circuit section (3) integral. The integrated inverter circuit section (3) is installed in an inverter storing section (8) constituted on an outer surface of a housing (2).

Abstract: There is provided an electric compressor in which the connection strength between an inverter circuit section and an electrical circuit section connected thereto by a connection terminal is improved. An inverter circuit section (3) includes an inverter control board (17) and a resin-molded sleeve assembly (18). In the sleeve assembly, a sleeve (32) and a terminal connection portion (23) are integrally resin-molded in a state in which a screw groove portion is protruded. The inverter control board (17) and a filter side connection terminal (71) of a filter circuit section (4) are fastened together to the terminal connection portion with a nut (92) screwed into the screw groove portion, whereby the inverter control board 17 and the filter circuit section 4 are electrically connected.

Abstract: A diffraction optical element includes a first diffraction grating having a first grating surface and a first grating wall surface, a second diffraction grating having a second grating surface and a second grating wall surface, and a thin film configured to contact the first grating wall surface and the second grating wall surface. The predetermined conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: Assembly workability of an electric compressor to which an inverter circuit section and a filter circuit section are attached is improved. The inverter circuit section (3) includes an inverter control board (17), a sleeve assembly (18), and a power module (14). The inverter control board, the sleeve assembly, and the power module are integrated. The filter circuit section (4) includes a filter circuit board (66) and a support member (67). The filter circuit board (66) and the support member (67) are integrated. The inverter circuit section and the filter circuit section are structured to be capable of being stored each individually within an inverter storing section (8) from the same direction and detachably attached to the housing (2).

Abstract: A diffractive optical element 10 includes a first diffraction grating 4, a second diffraction grating 5, films 6 formed between the first diffraction grating 4 and the second diffraction grating 5. The DOE 10 satisfies a conditional expression of n2<n1<nha, where nha is an average refractive index of films 6b formed between grating wall surfaces 4b and grating wall surfaces 5b at a wavelength of 550 nm, n1 is a refractive index of the first diffraction grating 4 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and n2 is a refractive index of the second diffraction grating 5 at a wavelength of 550 nm. The films 6b and films 6a that are formed between grating surfaces 4a and grating surfaces 5a satisfy a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: A diffraction optical element includes a first diffraction grating having a first grating surface and a first grating wall surface, a second diffraction grating having a second grating surface and a second grating wall surface, and a thin film configured to contact the first grating wall surface and the second grating wall surface. The predetermined conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element 10 includes a first diffraction grating 4, a second diffraction grating 5, films 6 formed between the first diffraction grating 4 and the second diffraction grating 5. The DOE 10 satisfies a conditional expression of n2<n1<nha, where nha is an average refractive index of films 6b formed between grating wall surfaces 4b and grating wall surfaces 5b at a wavelength of 550 nm, n1 is a refractive index of the first diffraction grating 4 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and n2 is a refractive index of the second diffraction grating 5 at a wavelength of 550 nm. The films 6b and films 6a that are formed between grating surfaces 4a and grating surfaces 5a satisfy a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: In a tumbler and the like, polypropylene pellets are blended with 1 to 5 wt % of carbon nanotubes, 10 to 30 wt % of fly ash, 10 to 20 wt % of talc and 0.3 to 1 wt % of a modifier, the resulting blend is extruded from a screw extruder while heating the blend to a melting temperature of about 160 to 260° C., to generate a strand. This strand is cooled and cut into pellets having a predetermined length. Owing to blending with fly ash, talc and a modifier, an inexpensive lightweight electroconductive thermoplastic resin excellent in dust-proofness, heat resistance and recyclability is obtained, even if the blending amount of carbon nanotubes is small.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes a first lens having a convex surface, a second lens having a concave surface, disposed in such a manner that the concave surface of the second lens faces the convex surface of the first lens, and a diffraction grating section formed between the first and the second lenses and having positive optical power through diffraction. The diffraction grating section includes a first diffraction grating and a second diffraction grating disposed in this order from a side closer to the first lens; the second diffraction grating has a refractive index larger than that of the first diffraction grating, and an inner diameter of a grating wall surface of the diffraction grating section decreases as approaching to the second lens from the first lens.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes multiple diffraction gratings laminated and made of at least three material types, wherein the multiple diffraction gratings include: a first combination part including two diffraction gratings of materials different from each other in which grating side surfaces of grating parts contact with each other or are disposed close to each other in a grating pitch direction; and a second combination part including two diffraction gratings of materials different from each other in which at least one material is different from the materials of the first combination part; and when N1Aw and N1Bw denote refractive indices of the first combination part at a wavelength (w), ?1A and ?1B denote Abbe numbers, N2Ad and N2Bd denote refractive indices of the second combination part on a d-line, ?2A and ?2B denote Abbe numbers, the wavelength (w) is 370<w<730 (nm). The followings are satisfied: N1Aw?N1Bw=0; 16<(?1A??1B)<75; 0.03<|N2Ad?N2Bd|<0.

Abstract: A biological purifier of the present invention includes chaff retaining sulfate-reducing bacteria. A biological purification system of the present invention includes a treatment container in which anaerobic conditions are maintained, and the above biological purifier is stored; a supply system for supplying the untreated waste water into the treatment container; and an discharge system for discharging treated water from which the heavy metal ions have been removed in the treatment container by the purifier, from the treatment container. In a biological purification method of the present invention, the biological purifier and the untreated waste water are brought into contact with each other under anaerobic conditions, thereby precipitating and removing the heavy metal ions as sulfide from the untreated waste water.